بررسی اثر نانواکسیدروی بر عملکرد، میزان کیفیت و کمیت ترکیبات اسانس گیاه دارویی Salvia leriifolia Benth. در شرایط تنش شوری

محورهای موضوعی : شیمی و آنالیز ترکیبات طبیعی

مهدی آخوندی ¹ , مجید دشتی ² , مریم نیاکان ³ , هما محمود زاده آخرت ⁴

1 - استادیار، گروه زیست شناسی دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران،
3 - دانشیار، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرگان، گرگان، ایران
4 - دانشیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مشهد، مشهد، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/01/03 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/04/12 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/06/14

کلید واژه: شوری, اسانس, نانو اکسیدروی, نوروزک,

چکیده مقاله :

در گیاهان دارویی تولید متابولیت‌های ثانویه به‌ویژه اسانس تحت تأثیر عوامل محیطی مختلفی از جمله شوری قرار می‌گیرند. در این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف تنش شوری و نانواکسیدروی بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی ترکیبات اسانس گیاه نوروزک (Salvia leriifolia Benth.)، یک آزمایش فاکتوریل با پنج سطح شوری (0، 50، 100، 150 و 200 میلی‌مولار کلریدسدیم) و سه سطح نانواکسید روی ( 0 ، 2 و 4 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) درقالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار در گلخانه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی مشهد در سال ۱۳۹۸ انجام گردید. اسانس‌گیری به روش تقطیر با آب توسط دستگاه کلونجر از اندام هوایی رویشی گیاه انجام شد. تجزیه اسانس با استفاده از دستگاه کروماتوگراف گازی و کروماتوگرافی متصل به طیف سنج جرمی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد، تأثیر سطوح مختلف تنش شوری بر وزن خشک، بازدهی و عملکرد اسانس گیاه نوروزک معنی‌دار بود، لیکن کاربرد نانو اکسید روی، تنها بازدهی و عملکرد اسانس را تحت تأثیر قرار داد. با افزایش تنش شوری، وزن خشک برگ‎ها، درصـد و عملکرد اسانس برگ به‌طور قابل ملاحظه‌ای کاهش یافت، در حالی که افزایش غلظت نانو اکسیدروی باعث افزایش صفات فوق در سطوح بالای شوری گردید. ماده موثره 1و8- سینئول بیشترین ترکیب اسانس گیاه را تشکیل داد که با افزایش سطح شوری مقدار آن 43 درصد افزایش نشـان داد. ترکیبات ایزوپینوکاروئل، کاروتول، اندوبرونئول نیز در سطوح پایین شوری ابتدا کاهش و سپس در سطح 200 میلی‌مـولار شـوری افزایش یافت. همچنین افزایش غلظت نانوذرات اکسیدروی سبب افزایش میزان اندوبرونوئل، 1و 8- سینئول و بتا- پینن و کاهش میزان ایزوپینوکاروئل، کاروتول و آلفا- کادینول شد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In medicinal plants, the production of secondary metabolites, especially essential oils, are affected by various environmental factors, including salinity. In this study, in order to investigate the effect of different levels of salinity stress and nano- ZnO on the quantitative and qualitative yield of essential oil (EO) composition of Salvia leriifolia Benth. a factorial experiment was performed with five salinity levels (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM NaCl) and three levels of nano-ZnO (0, 2 and 4 mg. liter -1) in a completely randomized design with three replications in the greenhouse of Mashhad Islamic Azad University in 2019. Extraction of EO from the vegetative shoot of the plant was carried out by water distillation using clevenger apparatus. EO analysis was performed using a gas chromatograph and chromatography attached to a mass spectrometer. The analysis of EOs was carried out by Gas chromatography/mass spectrometric (GC/MS). Based on the results, the effect of different levels of salinity stress on dry weight, EO percent and its yield was significant, but the application of zinc nanooxide only affected the EO and its yield. With increasing salinity stress, leaves dry weight, EO percent and EO yield significantly decreased, but all traits increased by increasing the nano-ZnO concentration at high salinity levels. 1, 8-cinnamol, was the highest composition of plant EO, which increased by 43% with increasing salinity. isopinocaruel, carotene, and endobronol compounds decreased at low salinity levels and then increased at 200 mM salinity level. Also, increasing the nano-ZnO concentration increased the levels of endo-Borneol, 1, 8-cineol and ß-pinene and decreased the levels of isopinocarveol, carotol and α-cadinol.

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