اثربخشی باکتری Micrococcus luteus بر روی برخی شاخص‌های خونی و ایمنی بچه‌ماهی کپور معمولی

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوری

مهران آوخ کیسمی ^{1 *} , علیرضا اکبری ² , حمید عبدالله پور بی ریا ³ , مریم آوخ کیسمی ⁴

1 - بخش تحقیقات شیلات و آبزیان، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزي و منابع طبیعی استان گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزي، رشت، ایران
2 - بخش تحقیقات شیلات و آبزیان، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزي و منابع طبیعی استان گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزي، رشت، ایران
3 - گروه شیلات، واحد تالش، دانشگاه‌ آزاد اسلامی، تالش، ایران
4 - بخش تحقیقات گروه آموزشی علوم تجربی، اداره کل آموزش‌وپرورش استان گیلان، پردیس آموزشی بنت‌الهدی صدر، رشت، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1404/02/21 تاریخ پذیرش : 1404/03/22 تاریخ انتشار : 1404/04/11

کلید واژه: کپور معمولی, Micrococcus luteus, شاخص‌های خونی, شاخص‌های ایمنی,

چکیده مقاله :

این تحقیق به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر باکتری Micrococcus luteus  بر شاخص‌های خونی، ایمنی‌ بچه ماهی کپور معمولی (Cyprinus carpio) در مرکز آموزش علوم و صنایع شیلاتی میرزا کوچک خان و مرکز تکثیر و بازسازی ذخایر ماهیان استخوانی شهید انصاری گیلان در خلال ماه‌های اردیبهشت تا مرداد 1402 انجام شد. در اين آزمايش M. luteus  جداشده از دستگاه گوارش ماهی کپور معمولی به غذاي تجاري پلت 300 قطعه بچه ماهی کپور معمولی (2.87±28.018) به مدت 8 هفته به‌صورت یک طرح کاملا تصادفی در 3 تیمار و 3 تکرار (20 قطعه ماهی در هر تانک) استفاده شد. با مخلوط کردن غذاي ماهی در سوسپانسیون M. luteus ،3 نوع جيره با غلظت‌های مختلف M. luteus در پلت شامل: 10⁶، 10⁷سلول در گرم به‌عنوان تیمارهای 1، 2و  شاهد بدون باكتري تهيه شد. بعد از 56 روز غذادهی با سطوح مختلف باکتری M. luteus در جیره بچه ماهیان کپور معمولی مقادیر هماتوکریت، گلبول قرمز خون و هموگلوبین، مقادیر MCV و MCH MCHC، نوتروفیل و مونوسیت، سدیم، لیزوزیم و C₃ در تیمار 1 و 2 به شکل معنی‌داری بیشتر از تیمار شاهد بود. در این رابطه تیمار 1 بیشترین مقادیر را دارا بود. اما مقادیر کلسیم، فسفر، IGM و C4 در تیمار شاهد، تیمار 2  تفاوت معنی‌دار آماری نداشت. بین تعداد باکتری‌های گرم مثبت و باکتری‌های گرم منفی موجود در دستگاه گوارش و آب تانک‌های پرورش نسبت به تیمار شاهد اختلاف معنی‌دار بود. تجزیه‌وتحلیل نتایج حاصل، فواید استفاده از پروبیوتیک M. luteus   در جیره غذایی بچه ماهیان کپور معمولی را در برخی موارد نشان داد. M. luteus معمولاً برای ماهی بیماری زا نیست. ازاین‌رو استفاده از این پروبیوتیک در پرورش ماهی کپور معمولی جهت افزایش توان مقابله با بیماری‌ها قابل پیشنهاد است.

چکیده انگلیسی:

This research was conducted to investigate the effect of Micrococcus luteus bacteria on the blood indices, and immunology of common carp fry (Cyprinus carpio) in Mirzakochek Khan Training Center and Shahid Ansari Bony Fish  Center in Gilan was carried out in 2023.  Micrococcus luteus isolated from the digestive tract of common carp was fed to commercial pellet feed of 300 pieces of common carp juveniles (28.018 ± 2.87) for 8 weeks with 5 treatments and 3 replications (20 pieces of fish in each tank) used. Mixing fish feed in the suspension of Micrococcus luteus, 5 types of diets with different concentrations of Micrococcus in the pellet including 10⁶, 10⁷ cells/g were prepared as treatments 1, 2 and control without bacteria. After 56 days of feeding with these treatments, different levels of Micrococcus luteus bacteria in the diet of common carp fry increase the amount of The values ​​of hematocrit, red blood cells, and hemoglobin, values ​​of MCV and MCH MCHC, neutrophil and monocyte, sodium, lysozyme, and C3 in treatments 1 and 2 were significantly higher than the control treatment. In this regard, treatment 3 had the highest values, but the amounts of calcium, phosphorus, IGM, and C4 in the control treatments, treatments 1 and 2 did not have a statistically significant difference. There was a significant difference between the number of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in the digestive tract and water of the rearing tanks compared to the control treatment (P<0.05). Analysis of the results showed the benefits of using M. luteus probiotic in the diet of common carp fry in some cases. M. luteus is usually not pathogenic for fish. Therefore, the use of this probiotic in common carp farming to increase the ability deal with diseases is recommended.

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