شناسايي صفات ظاهري و توليدي بز بومي لرستان
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوریعلیرضا چگنی 1 * , بهروز یاراحمدی 2 , محسن محمدی ساعی 3
1 - بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان لرستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، خرم آباد، ایران
2 - بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان لرستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، خرم آباد، ایران
3 - بخش تحقیقات علوم دامی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان لرستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، خرم آباد، ایران
کلید واژه: صفات ظاهری, صفات تولیدی, بز, لرستان, پرواربندی, الیاف بز,
چکیده مقاله :
تعداد 150 رأس بز ماده و 12 رأس بز نر از بين گله‌هاي استان لرستان بصورت طبقه‌اي تصادفي و خوشهای انتخاب شدند. مشخصات مرفولوژيك شامل 17 مورد و مشخصات كيفي و تيپيك بدن شامل 27 خصوصيت طي 4 سال و ركوردهاي شير، اوزان تولد تا 9 ماهگي در جنسهای نر و ماده با استفاده از بستههاي نرمافزاري SPSS وSAS و آمار توصيفي بررسي و تجزيه و تحليل شدند. از ناحيه پهلوي راست 90 راس بز ماده (1، 2 و 3 ساله) در چهار فصل نمونه الياف برای تعیین طول الياف، راندمان و درصد چربي برداشت گرديد دادههاي بدست آمده توسط بسته نرم افزاري SAS و روشGLM آناليز شدند. 40 رأس بزغاله نر در سنين 4 ، 6 ، 8 و10 ماهگي از گله‌هاي بز استان لرستان انتخاب و هر گروه سني در جنس نر در جايگاههاي انفرادي نگهداري و پس از20 روز دوره مقدماتي به مدت 90 روز با جيرهاي شامل 32/12 درصد پروتئين و 33/2 مگاكالري انرژي در كيلوگرم به صورت كامل مخلوط پروار شدند. بجز صفات عمق سينه و پنهاي دستها، در بين گروه‌هاي سني مختلف تفاوت معني‌داري مشاهده نشد. در مقايسه شير توليدي در فصول مختلف، بيشترين شير توليدي در ارديبهشت با 2/943 ميلي‌ليتر بازاي هر رأس و كمترين ميزان شير در مرداد با 5/28 ميلي‌ليتر بدست آمد. متوسط طول دوره شيردهي 4 ماه و ميانگين كل توليد شير روزانه يك رأس در گله حدود 384 ميلي‌ليتر بود. اثر جنس بر وزن تولد معنيدار نشد. در بررسي اثر سن بر طول مو، راندمان، درصد چربي و قطر مو بجز طول مو تفاوت معنيدار مشاهده نشد. اثر جنس بر وزنهای مختلف از شيرگيري تا 9 ماهگي معنيدار شد. در پروار بزغالهها بالاترين افزايش وزن روزانه در 10 ماهگي، 99/132 گرم و كمترين آن در 6 ماهگي با 59/95 گرم در روز بود.
One hundred fifty female and 12 male goats were selected from the herds of Lorestan province in a random stratified and clustered method. Morphological characteristics including 17 factors and qualitative and typical characteristics of the body including 27 characteristics during 4 years and milk records, birth weights up to 9 months in males and females using SPSS and SAS software packages and descriptive statistics were analyzed. Hair samples were taken from the right side of 90 female goats (1, 2 and 3 years old) in four seasons to determine hair length, efficiency and %fat. The data were analyzed by SAS software package and GLM method. 40 male goats at the ages of 4, 6, 8, and 10 months were selected from the goat herds, and each age group was kept in individual places and after 20 days of preliminary period for 90 days with a total mixed ration (12.32% protein, and 2.33 Mcal/kg of energy) were fed. No significant difference was observed between different age groups, except for chest depth and hand width. In the comparison of milk production in different seasons, the highest milk production was obtained in May with 943.2 milliliters/h and the lowest amount of milk was obtained in August with 28.5 milliliters. The average duration of the milking period was 4 months and the average daily milk production of one head was about 384 milliliters. The effect of gender on birth weight was not significant. In the study of the effect of age on hair length, efficiency, fat percentage and hair diameter, no significant difference was observed except hair length. The effect of gender on different weights from weaning to 9 months was significant. In fattening goats, the highest daily gain at 10 months was 132.99g/d and the lowest at 6 months with 95.59g/d.
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