اثر سطوح مختلف دارچین و کربوهیدرات بر فاکتورهای رشد و شاخص‌های ایمنی ماهی قزل آلای رنگین کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوری

میترا راوردشیری ¹ , سمیه بهرام ² , سید روح الله جوادیان ³ , معصومه بحرکاظمی ⁴

1 - گروه شیلات، واحد قائم‌‌شهر، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، قائم شهر، ایران
2 - گروه شیلات، واحد قائم‌‌شهر، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، قائم شهر، ایران
3 - گروه شیلات، واحد قائم‌‌شهر، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، قائم شهر، ایران
4 - گروه شیلات، واحد قائم‌‌شهر، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، قائم شهر، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/04/30 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/04/04 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/03/01

کلید واژه: ایمنی, کربوهیدرات, قزل آلای رنگین کمان, دارچین,

چکیده مقاله :

در مطالعه حاضر تاثیر سطوح مختلف دارچین (Cinnamomum verum) در دو سطح کربوهیدرات بالا (30 درصد) و پایین (20 درصد) جیره بر عملکرد رشد و برخی از فاکتورهای ایمنی بچه ماهیان قزل آلای رنگین کمان (Oncrhynchus mykiss) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای این منظور، 360 قطعه قزل آلای رنگین کمان با میانگین وزنی 33/1 ± 12/16 (میانگین ± انحراف معیار) گرم با شش جیره شامل جیره اول (کربوهیدرات پایین؛ 20 درصد کربوهیدرات)، جیره دوم (کربوهیدرات پایین و 3 درصد دارچین)، جیره سوم (کربوهیدرات پایین و 5 درصد دارچین)، جیره چهارم (کربوهیدرات بالا؛ 30 درصد کربوهیدرات)، جیره پنجم (کربوهیدرات بالا و 3 درصد دارچین) و جیره ششم (کربوهیدرات بالا و 5 درصد دارچین) به مدت 56 روز تغذیه شدند. مطابق نتایج به‌دست‌آمده تاثیر جیره حاوی کربوهیدرات و دارچین بر میزان وزن نهایی و افزایش وزن معنی دار بوده (05/0 < p)، به طوری که بیشترین وزن نهایی و افزایش وزن در جیره 2 (کربوهیدرات پایین و 3درصد دارچین) و جیره 3 (کربوهیدرات پایین و 5 درصد دارچین) مشاهده شد که با جیره 6 (کربوهیدرات بالا و 5 درصد دارچین) اختلاف معنی دار نداشتند (05/0 < p). نتایج شاخص های خون شناسی مربوط به گلبول سفید و شمارش افتراقی آن در ماهیان قزل آلای رنگین کمان نشان داد که اختلاف معنی داری بین تیمارها در میزان گلبول سفید، مونوسیت، بازوفیل، نوتروفیل و ائوزینوفیل مشاهده نشده است (05/0 < p). اما درصد لنفوسیت تحت تاثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار گرفته و بالاترین درصد لنفوسیت در ماهیان تغذیه شده با جیره 3 مشاهده شده است (05/0 > p). سطح فعالیت آنزیم لیزوزیم، ایمنوگلوبولین و سیستم کامپلمان تحت تاثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار نگرفتند (05/0 < p). با توجه به نتایج مربوط به عملکرد رشد و برخی از شاخص های ایمنی ماهیان تغذیه شده با جیره دوم و سوم عملکرد مناسب تری نسبت به سایر تیمارها داشتند داشتد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

In the present study, the effect of cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) on growth performance and some immune factors of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was investigated at two levels in high- and low-carbohydrate diets. A total of 360 rainbow trout with an average initial weight of 16.12 ± 1.33 g (mean ± SD) were fed by six diets including Diet1 (low carbohydrate level; 20 % carbohydrate), Diet2 (low carbohydrate level and 3 % cinnamon), Diet3 (low carbohydrate level and 5 % cinnamon), Diet4 (high carbohydrate level; 30 % carbohydrate), Diet5 (high carbohydrate level and 3 % cinnamon), and Diet6 (high carbohydrate level and 5 % cinnamon) for 56 days. The results revealed that the effect of diet containing carbohydrates and cinnamon on the final weight and weight gain was significant and the highest final weight and weight gain were observed in diet 2 (low carbohydrates and 3% cinnamon) and Diet 3 (low carbohydrates and 5% cinnamon) with no significant difference with Diet 6 (high carbohydrate and 5% cinnamon). The results of hematopoietic indices related to white blood cells and their differential count in rainbow trout showed no significant difference between the treatments in the number of white blood cells, monocytes, basophils, neutrophils, and eosinophils. However, the lymphocyte level was affected by experimental treatments and the highest level was observed in fish fed by Diet 3. There was no significant difference in lysozyme activity, immunoglobulin, and the complement system. According to the results related to growth performance and some immune indicators, fish fed by Diets 2 and 3 had better performance than other treatments.  

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