اثر اسیدسالیسیلیک بر صفات عملکرد و میزان آسمولایت های تربچه (Raphanus sativus L.) در شرایط تنش رطوبتی

محورهای موضوعی : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی

مژگان قنبری ¹ , محسن فرزانه ² , علیرضا افتخاریان جهرمی ³ , شورانگیز جوانمردی ⁴

1 - دانش‌آموخته‌‌ کارشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی شیراز، گروه علوم باغبانی، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان، شیراز، ایران.
2 - دانش‌آموخته‌‌ کارشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی شیراز، گروه علوم باغبانی، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان، شیراز، ایران.
3 - استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شیراز، گروه علوم باغبانی، شیراز، ایران.
4 - محقق دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شیراز، گروه علوم باغبانی، شیراز، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1391/10/10 تاریخ پذیرش : 1392/03/21 تاریخ انتشار : 1392/08/01

کلید واژه: تنش رطوبتی, تربچه, اسیدسالیسیلیک, آسمولایت,

چکیده مقاله :

خشکی یکی از تنش های محیطی مهم است که بر رشد و نمو گیاهان آثار مخرب و زیان آوری وارد می سازد. یکی از روش های مقابله با اثرات مضر این تنش، استفاده از تنظیم کننده های رشد گیاهی مانند اسیدسالیسیلیک می باشد. بدین منظور، این پژوهش به‎منظور بررسی اثر اسیدسالیسیلیک روی صفات عملکرد و میزان آسمولایت های تربچه رقم تجاری Radish cherry belle انجام شد. آزمایش به‎صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سه تکرار در دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی شیراز در سال 1390 انجام شد. پس از گسترده شدن دومین برگ حقیقی تربچه، تنش رطوبتی به صورت کشت گلدانی با خاک رسی شنی اعمال گردید. تنش رطوبتی در سه سطح: آبیاری به فاصله یک روز (شاهد)، سه روز (تنش ملایم) و پنج روز (تنش شدید) و اسیدسالیسیلیک در سه سطح: صفر، یک و دو میلی‎مولار اعمال شد. جهت بررسی صفات عملکرد شامل: طول، قطر، وزن و سفتی بافت هیپوکوتیل (بخش زیر زمینی و خوراکی تربچه) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. هم‎چنین برای بررسی اثر اسیدسالیسیلیک بر میزان آسمولایت ها (پرولین و کربوهیدرات های محلول) در شرایط تنش رطوبتی به‎ترتیب برگ پنجم و ششم بوته‎ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. اثر متقابل تنش رطوبتی و اسیدسالیسیلیک بر کلیه صفات مورد بررسی معنی دار شد. در مجموع نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که محلول‎پاشی با غلظت دو میلی‎مولار اسیدسالیسیلیک می‎تواند اثر منفی ناشی از تنش رطوبتی را در گیاه تربچه کاهش دهد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Possibility of reducing drought stress adverse effects on yield and osmolate content of radish (var. Radish cherry bell) by application a plant growth regulator, salicylic acid, was studied in Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fars province, Iran in 2012. Experiment was carried out as factorial based on a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications under a long-term drought stress condition (45 days). Radish seeds were planted in pots with sandy-clay soil and drought stress was applied after two leaf stage. Factors were drought stress at three levels of one-day (normal), three­-­days (mild stress) and five­-­days (severe stress) irrigation intervals and salicylic acid at three levels (0, 1 and 2 mM). Yeild traits including length, diameter and weight of hypocotyl (under ground eatable part) and osmolates (prolin and soluble carbohydrates) were measured. The results showed that interaction effect of drought stress and salicylic acid was significant on all the studied traits. Sever stress condition caused a considerable reduction in hypocotyl length and diameter. Foliar application of salicylic acid 2 mM caused higher osmolate rates and it reduced the adverse effect of drought stress on radish yield.

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