This paper deals with the design and simulation of all-optical 4×2 encoder
using the wave interference effect in photonic crystals. By producing 4 optical
waveguides as input and two waveguides as output, the given structure was designed.
The size of the designed structure is 133.9 μm2. The given all-optical encoder has a
contrast ratio of 13.2 dB, the response time of 0.45 ps, and also the bit transfer rate of
2.2 Tbit/s. The results from these structures suggest the high flexibility of the structures,
their resolution rates, and appropriate response time relative to that of other structures in
this rank as well as their applicability in terms of dividing. To elicit the optical band gap
rage for structure design, the plane wave expansion method and also the
finite difference time domain methods were used to investigate the results from
designed structures. تفاصيل المقالة

This paper aims at proposing a new design
based on the refractive index using 2D photonic crystals
(PCs) for diagnosing basal cell carcinoma (BCC). This
project consists of a square array of GaAs rods in SiO2.
This structure has two inlet and outlet waveguides and a
micro-cavity. Waveguides are employed to couple light
to the cavity, and the cavity to inject analyte into it. Some
PC rods were used to separate the cavity from the inlet
and outlet waveguides. The results show that by injecting
an analyte into the cavity and changing its refractive
index, a shift occurs in the resonance wavelength of the
transmission spectrum. The high sensitivity coefficient
obtained for this sensor is 730 nm/RIU and its high
Figure of Merit (FoM) is 11428. For numerical analysis
of the transmission spectrum, Q-factor, and sensor
sensitivity, the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD)
method was used. High simplicity, sensitivity, FoM make
it suitable for biosensing applications. تفاصيل المقالة