Semiconductor nanoparticles are studied worldwide at present because of their good optical, physical and chemical properties. In this research work, a set of Zn doped cadmium oxide (Cd1-xZnxO1-δ) nanoparticles were synthesized by simple chemical precipitation route. The precursor materials used in this research work were cadmium nitrate and zinc nitrate (as basic materials) and sodium hydroxide (as a precipitator material). The formed hydroxides of Cd/Zn were washed with water and ethyl alcohol (9:1 v/v) and dried at 75o C overnight. The dried powder was then heat treated for 1 h each at 150, 300, 450o C respectively and then cooled down to room temperature. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by XRD where the peaks are well matched with the phase purity of cubic structure. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of the functional groups present in the pure and Zn doped CdO nanoparticles. The SEM results showed that the obtained nanoparticles are polycrystalline in nature having the average grain size of 100-200 nm. The molecular interactions with respect to the different dopant concentrations (Zn) and their thermo-physical characteristics of CdO based nanofluids (Cd1-xZnxO1-δ ; where x=0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20) prepared in ethylene glycol are studied and reported. The results were discussed and presented in this manuscript. From the results, it was found that the intermolecular free length of the present nanofluids are seemed to be increasing with the higher incorporation of Zn2+ ions in CdO nanoparticles. تفاصيل المقالة

In this research work, we report a simple method called reflux condensation method for synthesizing Co3O4 nanoparticles using cheap chemicals such as, cobalt acetate (precursor salt), sodium monododecyl sulphate - SDS (surfactant) and N, N - Dimethylformamide - DMF (solvent). The prepared materials were heat treated at 200, 400, 600 and 800 oC for each 2 h to get phase pure product. The calcined nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, EDAX, FTIR Spectroscopy, Particle Size Analysis, SEM, UV-Vis Spectroscopy (UV) and Photo Luminescence (PL) Spectroscopy techniques. The XRD data confirmed the presence of crystallization of Co3O4 nanoparticles as face-centered cubic (Fd3m) structure. The appearance of Co-O stretching vibration mode and bridging vibration of O-Co-O bond in the samples found out by FTIR spectroscopy. The particlulate and microstructural studies revealed the occurrence of nanoparticles in the samples. The atomic percentages of Co and O were found to be 42% and 58% in the sample. This energy band gap for the sample is found to be 5.6 eV. Photocatalytic degradation characteristics of methyl orange and Rhodamine B using Co3O4 nanoparticles were studied and reported. Among the two dye samples studied, methyl orange was found to be degraded effectively (76%) with Co3O4 nanoparticles in presence of UV-light after two hours of irradiation. تفاصيل المقالة

Novel metal oxides have been studied worldwide due to their potential uses in ecological refinement, particularly to eliminate organic impurities present in water. In this work, we report the preparation of Ni1-xCoxAl2O4-δ (where x=0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20) nanoparticles by simple chemical precipitation route. The as-synthesized spinel particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), particle size analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), UV-Vis Spectroscopy (UV) and Photo Luminescence (PL) Spectroscopy techniques. The XRD results affirmed the development of the cubic structure in all the samples. FT-IR confirmed the presence of the M-O bond. Particle characteristics statistics showed the existence of particles in the range of 36-741 nm range. SEM analysis strengthened the presence of various sized grains (nano and micron) in the samples. EDX analysis affirmed the existence of an appropriate amount of elements (Ni, Al, Co and O) in all the samples. The band gap of Co doped NiAl2O4 was in between 2.8 – 3.0 eV, which was in line with the reported data. The PL spectra exhibited a strong peak at around 450 nm in the samples. From UV studies, the λmax was around 310 nm in all the prepared samples. The photoluminescent characteristics of the samples were confirmed by PL studies and their photoemission was found at 437 nm. Among the samples studied, the parent NiAl2O4 shows more efficiency in degrading the malachite green (MG) dye than other Co doped NiAl2O4 photocatalysts under the irradiation of visible light at the wavelength of 616nm at normal temperature. تفاصيل المقالة

In this study, we discuss the wet chemical synthesis and experimental analysis of zinc doped Gd2O3(Gd2-xZnxO3-δ) nanoparticles where, x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5. The cubic crystalline structure is derived from XRD results and the existence of metal-oxide bond has been confirmed from FTIR studies. According to SEM and PSA analysis, the produced nanoparticles are found to be of nano size. The EDX data verified the presence of Gd, Zn, and O in the samples. Based on UV-visible spectroscopy, the band gap and λmax values were computed. In an aqueous medium and under UV light irradiation, the photodegradation of Rhodamine B over Zn doped Gd2O3 nanoparticles was studied. It was observed that Gd1.50Zn0.50O3-δ has exhibited 82% of photo-degradation of the dye solution which further increased to 96% because of increasing the catalyst loading. The effect of pH and the concentration of the dye are also reported. According to the kinetic analysis, the photocatalysis process followed a pseudo-first-order kinetic model. A radical scavenger technique was used to further examine and identify the function of photoactive species. تفاصيل المقالة