A survey of phytochemical and biological investigation of Vicia faba L. flowers resulted in isolation of polyphenolic and nitrogenous compounds; Kaempferol -3-O-α-D-galactopyranosyl 7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside 1, kaempferol 3-O-(3"-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside 2, kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→6)-β-D-galactopyranoside-7- O-α-L -rhamnopyranoside 3, allantoin 4 and adenosine 5. For 1-3, it is the first report of their isolation from Vicia faba L. The structure of the isolated compounds has been characterized on the basis of spectroscopic methods in addition to comparison with literature data. These compounds along with methanol extract were tested to evaluate their antioxidant activity estimated by oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) assay and anti-allergic activities through inhibition of β-hexosaminidase enzyme. For the antioxidant activity, both methanolic extract and the isolated compounds exhibited a high activity ranged from 3.1 - 9.6 mg TE/mg extract. For the antiallergic activity, it was noticed that all the tested compounds and methanol extract have good inhibition for β-hexosaminidase release without affecting the cell viability where the production of β-hexosaminidase was decreased to about 69 - 82 %. These results revealed that the methanol extract and its isolated compounds of Vicia faba L. flowers had high antioxidant and high anti-allergic activities. It is expected that Vicia faba L. flowers could be used for the treatment of oxidative stress and will find new and high-value-added uses in cosmetics. تفاصيل المقالة

Three polyphenolic compounds; 1,3,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucopyranose (TGG) (1), methyl gallate (2) and hydroxyquinol (3) have been isolated from the aerial parts of Fiddlewood Citharexylum spinosum L. The structure of the isolated compounds have been established on the basis of spectroscopic methods in addition to comparison with literature data. These compounds in addition to the methanol extract were tested against their antiallergic activity through inhibition of β-hexosaminidase enzyme. It was noticed that all tested compounds and methanol extract have good inhibition for β-hexosaminidase release without affecting the cell viability where the production of β-hexosaminidase was decreased to about 69%, 60% and 56% by compounds (1), (2) and (3) respectively. The antiallergic activity of Fiddlewood has been reported for the first time. تفاصيل المقالة

Kaempferol 4´-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl-3-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β- glucopyranoside (1), a new flavonoid glycoside, along with eight known ones (2-9) were isolated from the flowers of Vicia faba L. (Leguminosae) which were identified as kaempferol 3-O-α-arabinopyranosyl-5-O-α-rhamnopyranoside (2), kaempferol 7-O-α-rhamnopyranoside (3), kaempferol 3-O-α-arabinopyranosyl- 7-O-α-rhamnopyranoside (4), kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside (5), kaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-galactopyranosyl-7-O-α-rhamnopyranoside (6), kaempferol-3-O-β-galactopyranosyl-7-O-α-rhamnopyranoside (7), kaempferol-3-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)-β-galactopyranosyl-7-O-α- rhamnopyranoside (8) in addition to a quercetin derivative; quercitin-3´-O-α- rhamnopyranosyl-4´-(3´´-acetyl)-β-galactopyranoside (9). Structure elucidation of the new compound was established based on 1D and 2D NMR analyses including 1H-, 13C-NMR, and HMBC experiments, in addition to HR-TOF-MS spectrometry using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI). تفاصيل المقالة

There are a broad variety of classes of bioactive compounds that have already been isolated from Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng. (Poaceae). The phytochemical composition of C. schoenanthus has recently received considerable interest and a vast array of components including terpenes, diterpenes and sesquiterpenes as well as phenolic acids have been characterized. The contribution of these valued metabolites to the biological potential, includes inhibiting kidney stone formation, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, and nephroprotective activities has also been explored. The structural diversity, selectivity for C. schoenanthus, and biological effects of the reported isolated constituents have generated a huge interest in the field of drug discovery research. Therefore, phytochemical, pharmacological, and biopharmaceutical characteristics of components identified from C. schoenanthus since 1975 are the topic of this comprehensive review. تفاصيل المقالة