In order to investigate the effect of magnesium oxide (MgO) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) ‎nanoparticles (NPs) on physiological traits and the yield of sour tea (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.), a ‎factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four ‎replications in 2018. MgO and Fe2O3 were used in concentrations of 0.01% and 0.03% as foliar ‎application. The results showed NPS improved chlorophyll (Chl) content and index. The ‎highest total chlorophyll was obtained in plants treated with 0.01% of MgO and 0.0.3% of ‎Fe2O3. Catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) activities significantly increased with NPs, in ‎which all combined concentrations of NPs had greater enzymes activities compared to control. ‎The seed weight in plants treated with 0.03% of MgO and 0.01% of Fe2O3 was higher ‎compared to non-NPs treatment. The highest mucilage yield was found at 0.01% of MgO and ‎‎0.03% of Fe2O3. Total flavonoid content (TFC) in plants treated with 0.01% of MgO and ‎‎0.01% of Fe2O3 was higher than other experimental treatments. The treatment including 0.01% ‎of MgO and non Fe2O3 had lower anthocyanin content compared to other combined levels of ‎NPs. Carotenoid increased with medium concentrations of NPs, but decreased with high level ‎of NPs (0.03%). Protein concentration at 0.01% of MgO and 0.03% of Fe2O3 and 0.03% of ‎MgO and 0.01% of Fe2O3 was higher than other experimental treatments. According tour ‎results, we suggest the use of 0.01% of MgO and 0.03% of Fe2O3 for improving the ‎physiological properties of sour tea. ‎ تفاصيل المقالة

Physio-biochemical changes in plants is a principal practice to manage harvesting time. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of flowering stages (10%, 50%, and 100% flowering) on physiological and biochemical properties in four cultivars (Fasta, Hamadani, Meldor, and Sovrana) of third and fourth-year-old plants of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) based on completely randomized design (CRD). The results showed that total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) in Hamadani cultivar at middle flowering stages in fourth-year-old plants showed higher TPC and TFC. The catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities increased by progressing the flowering stage and time of harvesting. Proline content increased by advancing the flowering stage as its highest amount was observed at late flowering stage in Fasta cultivar. Middle flowering stage represented the greater chlorophyll (Chl.) compared with other stages. Relative water content (RWC) decreased by progressing the maturity as its highest amount was observed at early flowering stage. RWC differed from 65% in fourth-year plants of sovrana at late flowering stage to 80% in third-year plants of Meldor at early flowering stage. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content and total soluble sugar (TSS) increased by advancing the maturity. Sovrana at late flowering stage and fourth year represented the higher MDA and TSS. Heat map analysis showed the significant role of all physiological and biochemical traits except total Chl. for clustering the cultivars. This work suggests the Hamadani cultivar because of high phenolic compounds and the minimum variation of their biochemical properties in the fourth year. تفاصيل المقالة