In this research, we develop and prepare some of the polymers based on polythioesters using cetrimide as an ionic liquid and phase transfer catalyst. All of the polymers were prepared through the reaction of 5,5'-methylenebis (1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol) with five types of diacyl chloride derivatives in the presence of cetrimide as phase transfer catalyst in the mixture of water and chloroform at room temperature. The chemical structure of synthesized polymers was determined using 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The mechanical and thermal stability of the synthesized polymers were investigated. In addition, using DFT calculation, the chemical optimization of synthesized polymers was presented. Moreover, the catalytic activity of cetrimide was compared with four types of ionic liquid with phase transfer catalyst roles. Additionally, the application of synthesized polymers in bone cement was investigated. تفاصيل المقالة

The oxidation process of benzylic halides especially benzylic bromide to corresponding carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes and ketones is a worthwhile and important organic reaction in industrial and laboratory synthetic organic chemistry. In the present study, an efficient and novel method to obtain carbonyl compounds using benzyl bromide with a catalytic amount of chromium complexes in water under aerobic conditions was reported. The six types of chromium complexes were prepared via the reaction mixture of four ligands. The prepared ligands and chromium complexes were characterized using Fourier transform spectroscopy (FT-IR), elemental analysis, molar conductivity, and magnetic moment, as well as UV-Vis spectroscopy. Different benzyl bromide derivatives were selected with both electron-donating groups and electron-withdrawing groups at –ortho, -meta, and –para positions. Under the optimum conditions, the corresponding benzaldehyde derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields. In addition, the biological activity of the prepared chromium complexes was checked. تفاصيل المقالة

This study is the first report of the application of sulfonated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-SO3H) in the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[a]xanthene and tetrahydrobenzo[a]acridine derivatives. The catalyst was prepared via a chemical approach and the sulfonated groups were attached to the side-wall of MWCNTs with total density of 2.58 mmol.g-1. In order to prove functionalization of the MWCNTs-SO3H, the catalyst was characterized using FE-SEM, TEM, FT-IR, and Raman spectroscopy techniques. A three-component reaction including 2-naphthol, dimedone, and aromatic aldehydes were applied in the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[a]xanthene in the presence of 15.5 mol% of MWCNTs-SO3H under solvent-free conditions. Also, a four-component reaction including 2-naphthol, dimedone, aromatic aldehydes, and ammonium chloride was used in the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[a]acridine in the presence of 12.9 mol% of MWCNTs-SO3H under solvent-free conditions. All the derivatives of tetrahydrobenzo[a]xanthene and tetrahydrobenzo[a]acridine were obtained in good to excellent yields. The MWCNTs-SO3H was reused in seven consequent catalytic cycles without loss of their catalytic activity. تفاصيل المقالة

Pyrimido[4,5-b]quinolones play a significant role in medicinal chemistry owing to their various biological properties, including antihistaminic, antimalarial, antifungal, anticancer, antioxidant, antiviral, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory activities. A dual acidic ionic liquid anchored on graphene oxide nanosheets (GO-Si-Pr-Lysin-SO3H) was provided and characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The six-step process was utilized to create this catalyst, beginning with graphite powder. This catalyst was capable to develop the one-pot and three components (6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil, dimedone, and different aromatic aldehydes) synthesis of pyrimido[4,5-b]quinolone derivatives at moderate temperature in water as a green medium (12 derivatives). The results obtained indicated that this method could be an effective approach for synthesizing pyrimido[4,5-b]quinolones with high yields ranging from 86% to 98% in a short reaction time of 15 to 40 minutes. In addition, the pointed catalyst shows reusability and recoverability without remarkable loss of catalytic activity. تفاصيل المقالة

Based on oxidative coupling reactions utilizing the synthesized organic reagent 2-amino-5-(para-aminophenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole in acidic media, and with potassium dichromate as an oxidizing agent, a spectrophotometric method has been established for determining methyldopa and levodopa. For these drugs, the resultant complex exhibits peak absorption at 401.5 nm and 415 nm, respectively. The method adheres to Beer's law in the ranges of 1-55 µg ml-1 and 2.5-170 µg ml-1, with molar absorption coefficients of 0.24 x 104 and 0.116 x 104 L mol-1 cm-1, respectively. The quantification limit (LOQ) is set at 1.5769 µg ml-1 for methyldopa and 3.0616 µg ml-1 for levodopa, yielding recovery rates of 100.14% and 100.34%, and relative standard deviation rates of 2.748% and 0.779%. The nature of the resulting complex was examined using the continuous variation method (Job's method) and molar ratios, revealing a 1:2 ratio (reagent to drug compound) for both drugs. This method has been successfully applied to pharmaceutical formulations. تفاصيل المقالة

A new and efficient procedure has been described for the synthesis of 2- chloro-1,5-Naphthyridine-3-carbaldehyde(1) from the condensation of N-(pyridine-3-yl) acetamide in presence of dimethylformamide and phosphorous oxychloride through Vilsmeir – Haack cyclization. The condensation of compound (1) with acetophenone, p-hydroxy acetophenone, pyridine-3-acetyl, furan-2-acetyl, and indole-2-acetyl in the presence of ethanolic sodium hydroxide through Claisen- Schmidt condensation give quinolinyl chalcones (2a-e) and it's further treated with dimethyl sulfoxide in the presence of iodine to obtained iodo chalcone compounds (3a-e). The smooth and selective bromination of chalcones (2a-e) affords dibromide compounds (4a-e). The structure of prepared compounds was identification by spectral and physical methods. Synthesized compounds (4a, 3e, 3b and 4e) give good biological activity from against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis and moderate activity against Escherichia Coli and Proteus Vulgaris. تفاصيل المقالة

Comparative studies between conventional technique, method (A) and green chemistry (microwave irradiation) , method (B) to synthesis of four novel unsymmetrical alkyl piperidinium salts ionic liquids (PBSILs) by the addition of alkyl halides (methyl or allyl) to piperidine with yields more than (90%) in method (A) and less than (70%) in method (B) respectively with decrease reaction time. Theses novel organic salts are characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, FTIR and mass spectrometry. تفاصيل المقالة