This study based on investigation for integration wind power into conventional power system with its impact on fossil fuel generators and their generation management. Wind power as environmental friendly energy source can reduce the operational cost of the system due to considering no cost for energizing the generator in comparing with fossil fuel generators. However due to unpredictable nature of the wind power, it is quite difficult to determine how much wind power should be integrated to ensure both power system security and operational cost reduction. In this study by compering both economic and security requirements using GA and PSO for smart calculation in wind power generation into the conventional system, a proper economic load dispatch program has been applied. Three different approaches (pessimistic, Optimistic and Linear) has been studied and compered to evaluate the system security and reliability with economic benefits. Due to considering no fuel cost for wind power generators, it is more beneficial to produce electrical power by this type of power resource but with more reliability for the system. At the end by compering PSO and GA results and numerical analysis on IEEE-30 bus test system with six generator, exactitude and accuracy of the proposed approaches presented. تفاصيل المقالة

Smart home is composed of several controllers with different plants in control. If each controller works independently, without considering the mutual effect of the others in the control process, the whole system could definitely not converge to an optimum desired status and may not ever reach the demanded condition. The function of different controller system may has conflict In some condition or emergency cases so the whole system could not converge to the steady state and receive to the demanded condition .According to the mentioned problem a new approach is presented in this paper using an integrated fuzzy controller in order to control light, temperature and emergency conditions in a realistic Matlab Simulink simulation. All environmental parameters that have effect on controlling different parts of smart home consider as an input parameter of system, such as Light, Heat and Smoke. The obtained results represent the presented approach and fuzzy model to be able and easy to implement the controller for smart home applications. تفاصيل المقالة

In this article using comparative multi-purpose algorithm of PSO, optimum capacity of new resources and their spinning storage is defined. Spinning reserve requirements and optimized to maximize profit per unit is determined according to uncertainty. In fact by increasing the level of cost reservation, power supply increases but penalty of blackout decreases. In this paper in has been tried to accomplish the optimal amount of reservation by creating a conciliation between penalty of blackout and power supply cost of photovoltaic cells. In this research each part of the algorithm has been produced in a way that they do not have maximum potency. Time of problem solving is considered to minutes for every hour which causes planning every hour to improve before reaching the intended time so that there is accurate anticipation of function of the intended call would be in disposal.Utilization of a micro grader cell consists of reproducible sources in need of estimation of spinning storage. The spinning storage is the difference between producible power and produced power of the units in peak time . تفاصيل المقالة

In emerging electric power systems, increased transactions often lead to the situations where the system no longer remains in secure operating region. The flexible Ac transmission system (FACTS) controllers can play an important role in the power system security enhancement. However, due to high capital investment, it is necessary to locate these controllers optimally in the power system. FACTS devices such as UPFC can regulate the active and reactive power control as well as being adaptive to voltage-magnitude control simultaneously because of their flexibility and fast control characteristics. Placement and sizing these devices in suitable location can lead to control in line flow and maintain bus voltages in desired level and so improve voltage stability margins. Moreover, this adjustment can improve voltage profile system along with reducing the power system losses. This paper proposes a systematic method by which optimal location and sizing of Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) to be installed using two different evolutionary algorithm. FACTS DEVICES model is incorporated into a Newton-Raphson algorithm to perform load flow analysis. Optimizing its location becomes a concern when coming to the practical implementation stage. Proposed algorithm is tested on IEEE 24 bus power system for optimal allocation as well as sizing of UPFC device and results are presented. تفاصيل المقالة

As there is a rapid growth both in the number of power consumers and also the limitations energy resources, it is clearly accepted that the old version of power grid must change into smart grid from head to toe. One of the most important advantages of smart grid which makes it much more exclusive rather than other typical systems is the two-way connectivity between the utility and the costumers. Taking energy efficiency programs for domestic consumers which are considered with the most important role in raising the rate of energy consumption of all, is accepted as an applicable techniques of demand-side management. In this thesis an identical frequency method control of the electrical motor of an air-conditioner (AC) system based on Fuzzy-PID controller is proposed in order to maximizing energy efficiency. Referring to the statistics which are published about the rate of energy consumption of AC systems would have the highest role in demand response and the two-way cooperation between the utility and costumers. To evaluate the results much more applicable, the proposed method is simulated with MATLAB software and the results have shown that the system have the great success. تفاصيل المقالة

Many real time processes have complex, uncertain and nonlinear dynamics. Boilers are nonlinear, time varying, multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems, whose states generally vary with operating conditions. The major problem in controlling that system is that its drum water pressure and steam flow dynamics include an integrator that results a critically stable behavior. Conventional controller previously used have a set of limitations, e.g. empirical tuning of their parameters when the operating conditions of the controlled process are changed. The application of fuzzy control scheme which is compounded with classic controller (PID) may provide more effective and flexible control of boilers in power stations. This research employing fuzzy logic systems due to their transparency and nonlinear features for controlling dynamics, uncertain and highly nonlinear boiler systems and PID controller due to its fast response تفاصيل المقالة

In this paper presents a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique based on the Hill Climbing Search (HCS) method and fuzzy logic system for Wind Turbines (WTs) including of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) as generator. In the conventional HCS method the step size is constant, therefor both steady-state response and dynamic response of method cannot provide at the same time and in the fixed step size of HCS method. The propose method of this paper is improvement the performance HCS method, in order to reach this goal; the fuzzy logic system has been used. The fuzzy logic system based on operation condition determined the step size instantaneously, such as both steady-state response and dynamic response of method be proper at the same time, therefore, efficiency of the new method that used variable step size strategy, will be guaranteed, the results of simulation in environment MATLAB/Simulink software have been shown to be effectiveness of the proposed method. تفاصيل المقالة

In vehicular ad hoc networks there is the ability to communicate between vehicles. This Communication which is wireless should be rapid and reliable. These networks have unique characteristic. This communication among vehicles has many advantages in safety and comfort applications. Since, the roads are always encountered to accidents and risks, using optimized tools could be useful in these situations. In this study, AODV and ADV routing algorithms has been compared through their performance metrics in a city scenario, include delay, network loss, collision and throughput were investigated through NCTUns 6.0. تفاصيل المقالة

Today, DC motors is still being used globally due to their easy speed controllability. In this article, an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) controller is designed for DC motors. The main purpose of performing such task is to reduce the DC motor starting current and deleting the ripple current during starting time in considering control parameters such as: rise time, settling time, maximum overshoot and system steady state error. The results have been simulated in MATLAB and a comparison is made between ANFIS controller and PID controller تفاصيل المقالة

In this paper, a new approach is proposed in order to select an optimal membership function for inputs of wind speed prediction system. Then using a fuzzy method and the stochastic characteristics of wind speed in the previous year, the wind speed modeling is performed and the wind speed for the future year will be predicted. In this proposed method, the average and the standard deviation of inputs data are calculated. The membership function shape and the domain intervals are evaluated using the variance of system. This technique prevents from trial and error method for defining the shape and domain intervals of optimal membership function and helps to achieve the desired prediction in a quick way. The wind speed is estimated in the fuzzy inference system and simulated with the fuzzy logic. The sensitivity analyses are performed by changing the input parameters and membership functions shape and the results are compared. The results demonstrate that this new prediction method is a fast and applicable method compared to the other methods since the calculated error will be more than the error of this method if the shape and domain interval of membership function are changed تفاصيل المقالة

In this paper, a novel Patch Geodesic Derivative Pattern (PGDP) describing the texture map of a face through its shape data is proposed. Geodesic adjusted textures are encoded into derivative patterns for similarity measurement between two 3D images with different pose and expression variations. An extensive experimental investigation is conducted using the publicly available Bosphorus and BU-3DFE databases covering face recognition under pose and expression changes. The performance of the proposed method is compared with the performance of the state-of-the-art benchmark approaches. The encouraging experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is a new solution for 3D face recognition in single model databases. تفاصيل المقالة

In this paper, an Adaptive-Network-based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is used for forecasting of natural gas consumption. It is clear that natural gas consumption prediction for future, surly can help Statesmen to decide more certain. There are many variables which effect on gas consumption but two variables that named Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and population, are selected as two input variables. The input variables data and output variable (gas consumption) data are collected in years 1993 till 2012. Pre-process is done on the primary data to obtain better results then finally our outputs are post-processed. In this paper, many fuzzy models are applied and the results and error of every model are investigated. All ANFIS outputs are compared with real output by considering Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The best model, which has the lowest MAPE, is chosen for forecasting gas consumption. In this paper, the values of gas consumption are forecasted from 2013 to 2020 تفاصيل المقالة

A sensor network is made up of a large number of sensors with limited energy. Sensors collect environmental data then send them to the sink. Energy efficiency and thereby increasing the lifetime of sensor networks is important. Direct transfer of the data from each node to the central station will increase energy consumption. Previous research has shown that the organization of nodes in clusters and selection the appropriate cluster head increases the network lifetime. In this study, clustering, determine to cluster heads and the sink movement on the predefined paths has been done with fuzzy method. There are two inputs for the fuzzy model; residual energy of the node and distance from the sink. The output is priority of cluster heads. Sink moves base on the highest priorities on the predefined paths. Then by using genetic algorithm, the number of clusters, shape type and area is optimized. Fitness function is based on network lifetime. تفاصيل المقالة

In recent year's renewable energy sources have become a useful alternative for the power generation. The power of photovoltaic is nonlinear function of its voltage and current. It is necessary to maintain the operation point of photovoltaic in order to get the maximum power point (MPP) in various solar intensity. Fuzzy logic controller has advantage in handling non-linear system. Maximum power point trackers are so important in photovoltaic systems to increase their efficiency. Many methods have been proposed to achieve the maximum power that the PV modules. This paper proposed an intelligent method for MPPT based on fuzzy logic controller. The system consists of a photovoltaic solar module connected to a DC-DC Boost converter and the fuzzy logic controller for controlling on/off time of MOSFET switch of a boost converter. The proposed MPPT controller for grid-connected photovoltaic system is tested using model designed by Matlab/Simulink program. Comparison of different performance parameters such as: tracking efficiency and response time of the system shows that the proposed method gives higher efficiency and better performance than the conventional perturbation and observation method. تفاصيل المقالة