The primary purpose of this research was to investigate the current status of the Kurd horse population and provide information for the conservation and development programs for this breed. To check the current status of the population, after collecting demographic data, demographic, genetic, and geographical criteria were examined in the four endangerment assessing systems of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), European Union (EU), European Federation of Animal Science (EAAP), and private organizations. The results showed that, based on geographic and genetic criteria, this breed is not at risk of extinction. However, owing to demographic criteria, it is in a vulnerable or transitional state. The scenario of future dynamics of the population assuming the continuation of existing conditions was simulated to provide the information required for the conservation and extension programs. For conducting population viability analysis (PVA), Vortexsimulation program version 10.5.6 was used. Besides collecting demographic information, the simulation required parameters that were collected via the available resources and interviews with horse owners during the years of the project implementation. The future dynamics simulation of the population showed that assuming the continuation of existing conditions, the Kurd horse population will have an increasing trend in the next 25 years with a mean growth rate of 0.0648 ± (0.0638) before reaching its carrying capacity. The genetic diversity and inbreeding of the population also had slight changes at the end of the simulation. In this research, the mortality of foals, percentage of adult breeding females, and crossing with other breeds had the highest effect on population viability measures, respectively. The results of this research prepare a suitable framework for providing a conservation and development program. تفاصيل المقالة