Abstract- Efficient message delivery in city environment is required to ensure driver’s safety and passenger’s comfortability. In cities of developed nations, routing of data in vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) faces many challenges such as radio obstacles, mobility constraints and uneven nodes distribution. These factors primarily makes communication between vehicles complex. To overcome and transmit data traffic effectively in city environment in the presence of above-mentioned challenges, evaluation of some network parameters conducted. The selected metrics are packet delivery ratio (PDR), end-to-end delay and routing overhead. These are based on three performance of position-based routing protocols: Anchorbased Street and Traffic Awareness Routing (A-STAR), Greedy Perimeter Coordinator Routing (GPCR) and Contention Based Forwarding (CBF) with the help of Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO) to generates vehicle mobility in city environment and network simulator (OMNeT++) to creates and calculates needed components. The speed of the vehicles and node density were varied in this process, and the simulated results showed that CBF outperforms significantly than A-STAR and GPCR in terms of packet delivery ratio as the speed varied and with a better end-to-end delays and routing overhead at a lower speed. In addition, CBF performs better than A-STAR and GPCR in terms of packet delivery ratio as the node varied with a better end-to-end delay, and a better routing overhead at a lower node density. تفاصيل المقالة

Abstract- Communication has become inevitably part of our day to day activities, in academic, business, banking, and other sectors. It has therefore become so important to implement good and efficient communication system. A reference point according to this research is the wireless sensor networking (WSN) system, and most important thing in communication is to be free from interference, attenuation, crosstalk, and fading. Any of these factors is a serious problem in communication system. To solve these problems, mobile and fixed nodes networks were considered for efficient operation of WSN when ZigBee technology was employed and designed using the OPNET when certain network parameters: Throughput (bits/s), load (bits/s), and end-to end delay (second) parameters from fixed and mobile networks were compared and considered for smooth operation of WSN that is free from interference, attenuation, crosstalk and fading. The network investigation and performance analysis of fixed and mobile networks were based on tree, star and mesh topologies between the two systems. After considering all the parameters for various analyses, the fixed network was considered the most suitable over the mobile network for WSN. تفاصيل المقالة