Evaluation of Antibacterial Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized by Wet-chemically Method on Multidrug-resistant Uropathogenic Bacteria
الموضوعات : Journal of NanoanalysisMaryam Bagheri Mohammad Gholipour 1 , Monir Doudi 2 , Ali Mohammad Ahadi 3 , Gholam Reza Amiri 4
1 - Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan Branch, Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran.
2 - Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
3 - Department of Genetics, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Iran.
4 - Department of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan Branch, Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran.
الکلمات المفتاحية: Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, multidrug resistant, Uropathogenic bacteria, Wet chemical method, Pour plate method,
ملخص المقالة :
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have been attracted for their antibacterial effects along with their safety, suitable physicochemical properties, and cost effectivity. The aim of this study was to synthesize ZnO nanoparticles and investigate their antibacterial effects on multidrug resistant (MDR) uropathogenic bacteria. ZnO nanoparticles were constructed by wet chemical method with inhibitor. Structural and optical evaluation of zinc oxide nanoparticles was performed by Ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Tunneling microscopy. Uropathogenic bacteria were isolated from the patient’s pediatric urine and identified through biochemical testing. Antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates was determined by disk diffusion method and the antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles was detected by pour plate method at the concentrations of 0.0125, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 g/l. The produced ZnO nanoparticles had a hexagonal shape with the crystal size of 15 nm and an optical size of 3 nm. The minimum effective concentration of these nanoparticles that inhibited the bacterial growth was 0.05 g/l. E.coli was generally found to be the most frequent cause of UTI in children in Isfahan, in the center of iran, with the mean prevalence of 64%. Most cases of resistance were related to Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Tetracycline and the highest sensitivity was related to Chloramphenicol, Gentamicin, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazol. The results of the present study, in accordance to the previously approved safe characteristics of ZnO nanoparticles, concentration of 0.05 g/l is proposed to be evaluated for in vivo usage for treatment of urinary tract infections.
[1] Tramuta C, Nucera D, Robino P, Salvarani S, Nebbia P. Virulence factors and genetic variability of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from dogs and cats in Italy. Journal of Veterinary Science. 2011; 12(1): 49-55. doi: 10.4142/jvs.2011.12.1.49.
[2] Mishra M.P, Sarangi R, Padhy R.N. Prevalence of multidrug resistant uropathogenic bacteria in pediatric patients of a tertiary care hospital in eastern India. Journal of Infection and Public Health. 2016; 9(3): 308-314. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2015.10.002.
[3] Schreiber H.L, Conover M.S, Chou W.C, Hibbing M.E, Manson A.L, Dodson K.W, Hannan T.J, Roberts P.L, Stapleton A.E, Hooton T.M, Livny J. Bacterial virulence phenotypes of Escherichia coli and host susceptibility determine risk for urinary tract infections. Science Translational Medicine. 2017; 9(382): eaaf1283. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaf1283.
[4] Shakerimoghaddam A, Ghaemi E.A, Jamali A. Effects of ZnO nanoparticles on initial adhesion and fimH gene expression in uropathogenic Escherichia coli. Journal of Clinical and Basic Research. 2017; 1(3): 25-29. doi: 10.18869/acadpub.jcbr.1.3.25.
[5] Mann R, Mediati D.G, Duggin I.G, Harry E.J, Bottomley A.L. Metabolic adaptations of uropathogenic E. coli in the urinary tract. frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology. 2017; 7(241): 1-15. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00241.
[6] Subashchandrabose S, Hazen T.H, Rasko D.A, Mobley H.L. Draft genome sequences of five recent human uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates. Pathogens and disease. 2018; 69(1): 66–70. doi: 10.1111/2049-632X.12059.[PubMed: 23821517].
[7] Allocati N, Masulli M, Alexeyev M.F, Di Ilio C. Escherichia coli in Europe: an overview. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2013; 10(12): 6235-6254. doi: 10.3390/ijerph10126235.
[8] Hassanshahi G, Darehkordi A, Fathollahi M.S, Falahati-Pour S.K, Zarandi E.R, Assar S. Resistance pattern of Escherichia coli to levofloxacin in Iran, a narrative review. Iranian Journal of Microbiology. 2020; 12(3): 177-184. doi: 10.18502/ijm.v12i3.3233.
[9] Croxen M.A, Finlay B.B. Molecular mechanisms of Escherichia coli pathogenicity. Nature Reviews Microbiology. 2010; 8(1): 26-38. doi:10.1038/nrmicro2265.
[10] da Silva B.L, Abuçafy M.P, Manaia E.B, Junior J.A.O, Chiari-Andréo B.G, Pietro R.C.R, Chiavacci L.A. Relationship between structure and antimicrobial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles: An overview. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 2019; 14: 9395. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S216204.
[11] Alzahrani K.H, Niazy A, Alswieleh A, Wahab R, El-Toni A, Alghamdi H. Antibacterial activity of trimetal (CuZnFe) oxide nanoparticles. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 2019; 5: 77-87.doi: 10.2147/IJN.S154218.
[12] Taghizadeh S.M, Lal N, Ebrahiminezhad A, Moeini F, Seifan M, Ghasemi Y, Berenjian A. Green and economic fabrication of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods as a broadband UV blocker and antimicrobial agent. Nanomaterials. 2020; 10(3): 530. doi: 10.3390/nano10030530.
[13] Siddiqi K.S, Ur Rahman A, Husen A. Properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles and their activity against microbes. Nanoscale Research Letters. 2018;13(1):1-13. doi: 10.1186/s11671-018-2532-3.
[14] Tiwari V, Mishra N, Gadani K, Solanki P.S, Shah N.A, Tiwari M. Mechanism of anti-bacterial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticle against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2018; 9: 1218. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01218.
[15] Mohammed A.E, Al-Qahtani A, Al-Mutairi A, Al-Shamri B, Aabed K. Antibacterial and cytotoxic potential of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles by some plant extracts. Nanomaterials. 2018; 8(6): 382. doi: 10.3390/nano8060382.
[16] Narayana B.S.A, Fathima A, Tumbad B.R.J.P.P, Raj S, Lokesh S.V. Green Route Synthesis Approach to extract Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles Using banana leaves. Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR). 2019; 6(2): 89-93. doi:10.1729/Journal.19702.
[17] Rafiee B, Ghani S, Sadeghi D, Ahsani M. Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Eucalyptus mellidora leaf extract and evaluation of its antimicrobial effects. J Babol Univ Med Sci. 2018; 20(8): 22-7. [in Persian]. doi: 10.18869/acadpub.jbums.20.10.28.
[18] Cao D, Gong S, Shu X, Zhu D, Liang S. Preparation of ZnO nanoparticles with high dispersibility based on oriented attachment (OA) process. Nanoscale Research Letters. 2019;14(1): 210. doi:10.1186/s11671-019-3038-3.
[19] Santhoshkumar J, Kumar S.V, Rajeshkumar S. Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using plant leaf extract against urinary tract infection pathogen. Resource-Efficient Technologies. 2017; 3(4): 459-465. doi: 10.1016/j.reffit.2017.05.001.
[20] Rahimzadeh Torabi L. The Antibacterial effects of ZnO nanoparticles on patients with urinary tract infection isolated from Alzahra hospital in Isfahan, Iran. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences. 2017; 19(11): e10359. doi: 0.5812/zjrms.10359.
[21] Souza R.C.D, Haberbeck L.U, Riella H.G, Ribeiro D.H, Carciofi B.A. Antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized by solochemical process. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering. 2019; 36(2): 885-893. doi: 10.1590/0104-6632.20190362s20180027.
[22] Kalpana V.N, Kataru B.A.S, Sravani N, Vigneshwari T. Biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using culture filtrates of Aspergillus niger: Antimicrobial textiles and dye degradation studies. OpenNano. 2018; 3: 48-55. doi: 10.1016/j.onano.2018.06.001.
[23] Shokri A. Using NiFe2O4 as a nano photocatalyst for degradation of Polyvinyl alcohol in synthetic wastewater. Environmental Challenges. 2021; 100332. doi:10.1016/j.envc.2021.100332.
[24] Wilson M, Kannangara K, Smith G, Simmons M, Raguse B, Translator; Vatankhah M.J. "Nanotechnology is the basic science and emerging technology", 1st ed. 2002.Chapman and Hall/CRC: London.
[25] Spanhel L. Colloidal ZnO nanostructures and functional coatings: A survey. Journal of sol-gel science and technology. 2006; 39(1): 7-24. doi: 10.1007/s10971-006-7302-5.
[26].Dowlatababdi F.H, Amiri G, Mohammadi Sichani M. Investigation of the antimicrobial effect of silver doped Zinc Oxide nanoparticles. Nanomedicine Journal. 2017;4(1): 50-54. doi: 10.22038/NMJ.2017.8053.
[27] Kimura F, Kimura T. Magnetically textured powders-an alternative to single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction methods. CrystEngComm. 2018; 20(7): 861-872. doi:10.1039/c7ce01305a.
[28] Goudarzi M, Sabzehali F, Tayebi Z, Azad M, Boromandi S, Hashemi A, Seyedjavadi S.S. Prevalence of blaCTX-M gene in multi-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from Urinary Tract Infections, Tehran, Iran. Novelty in Biomedicine.2014; 2(4): 107-113.doi: 10.22037/nbm.v2i4.6776.
[29] Benhadj M, Touaitia R. and Ouanadi Y. Frequency and Antibiotic Resistance of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated in Community Urinary Tract Infections at Tebessa Region. Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research. 2019; 12(2): 9098-9101.doi: 10.26717/ BJSTR.2018.12.002223.
[30] Pirouzi A, Foruozandeh H, Farahani A, Shamseddin J, Mohseni H, Abdollahi A, Rezaee E, Forouzandeh Z, Mohseni P, Fariyabi F. Investigation of antimicrobial resistance pattern among Escherichia coli strains isolated from patients referred to Amir Al-Momenin hospital, Gerash, Iran. Gene, Cell and Tissue. 2020;7(1). doi:10.5812/gct.97554.
[31] Sanders E.R. Aseptic laboratory techniques: plating methods. JoVE (Journal of Visualized Experiments). 2012; 11(63): e3064. doi: 10.3791/3064.
[32] Pouladfar G, Basiratnia M, Anvarinejad M, Abbasi P, Amirmoezi F, and Zare S. The antibiotic susceptibility patterns of uropathogens among children with urinary tract infection in Shiraz. Medicine. 2017; 96(37). doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000007834.
[33] Molazade A, Gholami MS, Shahi A, Najafipour S, Mobasheri F, Ashraf- Mansuri J, Jafari S. Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Isolated Gram-Negative Bacteria from Urine Culture of Hospitalized patients in Different Wards of Vali-Asr Hospital in Fasa During the Years 2012 and 2013. J Fasa Uni Med Sci. 2014; 4 (3): 275-83 [In Persian].
[34] Mohammadi S, Ramazanzadeh R, Zandi S, Rouhi S, Mohammadi B. Isolation and antibiotic resistance pattern determination of bacteria causing urinary tract infections in patients referred to Sanandaj`s Tohid Hospital, 2013-2014. Sci J Kurdistan Univ Med Sci. 2015; 16 (50): 55-62 [In Persian].
[35] Siddiqi K.S, ur Rahman A. and Husen A. Properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles and their activity against microbes. Nanoscale research letters. 2018; 13(1): 1-13. doi: 10.1186/s11671-018-2532-3.
