بررسی تغییرات خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی (.Matricaria recutita L ) تحت تاثیرمحلول‌پاشی عناصر آهن، روی، منگنز و مس

الموضوعات :

سعید یوسف زاده ¹ (پیام نور)

تاريخ الإرسال : 19 الأربعاء , ربيع الثاني, 1440 تاريخ التأكيد : 10 الأحد , ذو الحجة, 1440 تاريخ الإصدار : 22 الجمعة , ذو الحجة, 1440

الکلمات المفتاحية: اسانس, بابونه, ریز مغذی و عملکرد,

ملخص المقالة :

به منظور بررسی اثر محلول‌پاشی آهن، روی، منگنز و مس بر تعدادی از صفات مورفولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی بابونه آزمایشی به صورت طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار در سال 1396 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه پیام نور مرند اجرا گردید. تیمارها شامل :شاهد، محلول پاشی سولفات آهن، روی، منگنز و مس بودند. نتایج نشان داد محلول‌پاشی بر تمامی صفات مورد مطالعه تاثیر معنی‌دار داشت. کاربرد عناصر ریز مغذی تاثیر مثبتی بر ویژگی‌های مورد مطالعه گیاه در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد داشت. بیشترین ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه گل‌دهنده، تعداد گل در بوته، عملکرد گل خشک، وزن خشک کل، شاخص برداشت، میزان کلروفیل، درصد و عملکرد اسانس از محلول‌پاشی آهن بدست آمد. میزان کلروفیل کل به واسطه کاربرد عناصر ریزمغذی به طور معنیداری در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد افزایش یافت. محلول‌پاشی آهن در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد عملکرد اسانس را بیش از دو برابر افزایش داد. بیشترین و کمترین عملکرد اسانس (93/1 و 9/0 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به ترتیب از کاربرد تیمار‌های محلول‌پاشی آهن و تیمار شاهد بدست آمد. محلولپاشی با آهن عملکرد گل خشک گیاه (383 کیلوگرم در هکتار) را بیش از 30 درصد در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد (63/258 کیلوگرم در هکتار) افزایش داد. عدم محلول پاشی با عناصر ریز مغذی در گیاهان تمامی صفت مورد مطالعه را کاهش داد. در کل نتایج نشان داد محلول‌پاشی عناصر ریزمغذی بویژه آهن می‌تواند عملکرد کمی و کیفی گیاه بابونه را بهبود داده و به عنوان یک راهکار مدیریتی مناسب جهت دستیابی به عملکرد مطلوب مورد استفاده قرا بگیرد.

المصادر:

References

1. Afzali, S.A., Shariatmadari, H. Hajabbasi, M.A., and Moatar, F. 2008. Salinity and drought stress effects on flower yield and Flavonol-O- glycosides in Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 3 (23): 382-390.


2. Alibabaei, Z., Rabiei, Z., Rahnama, S., Mokhtari, S., and Rafieian-kopaei, M. 2014 .Matricaria Chamomilla extract demonstrates antioxidant properties against elevated rat brain oxidative status induced by amnestic dose of scopolamine. Biomedicine and Aging Pathology, 4: 55-67.


3. Anne, O., Tiiu, K., and Kailas, W. 2001 Volatile constituents of matricaria recutita l. from Estonia, Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Chem. 50(1): 39 – 45.


4. Arazmjo, E. Heidari, M. and Ghanbari, A. 2010. Effect of water stress and type of fertilizer on yield and quality of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 12 (2): 100-111. (in Persian)


5. Arnon, D.I. 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphennoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 24(1): 1-150.


6. Azad, H., Fakheri, B., Mahdinejad, N., and Parmon, G. 2018.The study the efficacy of drought stress and foliar application of nano iron chelated on antioxidant enzymes activity and yield flower in plant in chamomile genotypes (Matricaria Chamomilla L.). Journal of Plant Process and Function Iranian. Society of Plant Physiology. 7(26): 224-237.


7. Bagheri, A., Rahmani, A., and Abbaszadeh, B. 2013. The effect of iron chelate foliar application on damask rose. Annals of biological Research, 4 (4): 35-55. (In Persian)


8. Cakmak, I. 2008. Enrichment of cereal grains with zinc: agronomic or genetic biofortification. Plant Soil, 302: 1-17.


9. Fang, Y., Wang, L., Xin, Z., Zhao, L., An., X. and Hu, Q. 2008. Effect of foliar application of zinc, selenium, and iron fertilizers on nutrients concentration and yield of rice grain in China. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 56: 2079–2084.


10. Ghaedi, Jeshni, M., Mousavinik, M., and Aminifar, J. 2016. The effect of phosphorus and zinc fertilizers on nutrient content and essential oil yield of german chamomile under drought Stress (Matricaria recutita L.). Journal of horticulture Science.29 (4): 642-651.


11. Ghaffari Malayeri, M., Akbari, G.A., and Mohammadzadeh, A. 2012. The reaction yield and yield components of maize to soil application and foliar consumption. Iranian Agriculture Research, 2(10): 368-373. (In Persian)


12. Ghaffari Malayeri, M., Akbari, Gh., and Mohammadzadeh, A. 2012. Response of yield and yield components of corn on soil use and foliar application of micronutrients. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 10(2): 368-373.


13. Ghanavati, M., Houshmand, S.L., Zainali, H., and Abrahimpour, F. 2010. Chemical composition of the essential oils of Matricaria recutita L. belonging to central and south parts of Iran. Journal of Medicinal Plants. 2(34): 102-108.


14. Ghorashi Nasb, M.J., Ahmadzadeh, V., Pakmehr, A., and Ashouri Sahli, A. 2009. Effect of microelement nutrients (Fe and Zn) and allopathic compounds from Amaranthus retroflexus in yield, yield component and oil yield in herbal plant (Calendula officinalis L.). In: Proceeding of 6th Iranian Horticultural Science Congress, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran. 12-15 July 2009. (In Persian)


15. Grejtovsky, A., Markusova, K., and Eliasova, A. 2006. The response of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) plants to soil zinc supply. Plant, Soil and Environment, 52: 1-7


16.  Hadaddi, H., Moradi, P., and  Motalebi, E. 2016. The effect of methanol and manganese sulfate spraying on quantity and essential oil components of (Melissa officinalis L.). Journal of Medicinal Plants, 2 (58): 80-88. (In Persian)


17. Hamzei, R., Majnoon Hosseini, N., Sharifi Ashoor Abadi, E., and Tavakol Afshari, R.  2006. Effect of plant density and nitrogen levels on qualitative and quantitative yield of German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 37(3): 545-553. (In Persian)


18. Hu, H., and Sparks, D. 1991. Zinc deficiency inhibits chlorophyll synthesis and gas exchange in ‘Stuart’ Pecan. Horticulture Science, 26(3): 267-268.


19. Jaymand, K., and Rezai, M.B. Essential oils, Distillations apparatuses, Test methods of essential oils and retention indices in essential oil analysispp:350.


20. Kamkar, B., Safahani-Langerodi, A.R., and Mohammadi, R. 2011. The use of nutrients in crop plants. Publication university of Mashhad. 500 p. (In Persian)


21. Mahmoodi, M, Yosef Niknezhad, Y., Fallah, H., and Ansari, M.H. 2016. The effect of micronutrients on yield, yield components and essential oils of chamomile (Chamomilla recutita L.). Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 7(4): 329-339.


22. Marschner, H. 2008. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. Second edition, Academic Press Limited. Harcourt Brace and Company, Publishers, London, pp. 347-364.


23. Miransari, H., Mehrafarin, A., and Naghdi Badi, H. 2015. Morphophysiological and phytochemical responses of dill (Anethum graveolens L.) to foliar application of iron sulfate and zinc sulfate. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 14(2): 15-30. (In Persian)


24. Moghadam, E., Mahmoodi Sourestani, M., Farrokhian Firozi, A., Ramazani, Z., and Eskandari, F. 2015. The effect of foliar application of iron chelate type on morphological traits and essential oil content of holy basil (Ocimum sanctum). Agriculture Crop Management, 17(3): 595-606. (In Persian)


25. Mohammadi, M., Majnoun, Hosseini, N., and Dashtaki, M. 2016. Effects of nano-ferric oxide and zinc sulfate on chlorophyll, anthocyanin, flavonoid and leaf mineral elements of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) at Karaj climatic conditions. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 32 (5):770-783.


26. Movahhedi Dehnavi, M., Modarres Sanavi, S.A.M., Soroush-Zade, A., and Jalali, M. 2004. Changes of proline, total soluble sugars, chlorophyll (SPAD) content and chlorophyll fluorescence in safflower varieties under drought stress and foliar application of zinc and maganese. Biaban, 9 (1): 93-110.


27. Nasiri, Y. 2012. Effect of foliar application of iron and zinc at different times on the performance and production of essential oils of German chamomile. Ph.D. thesis of agricultural sciences trend of ecology of plants of Tabriz University. pp:147.


28. Nasiri, Y., and Najafi, R. 2015. Effects of soil and foliar applications of iron and zinc on flowering and essential oil of chamomile at greenhouse conditions. Acta Agriculturae Slovenica, 105 (1): 33-41. (In Persian)


29. Nateghi, S.H., Pirzad, A.R., and Darvishzadeh, R. 2015. The impact of micronutrient fertilizers, iron and zinc on yield and yield component of anise. Journal of Horticulture Science, 29(1): 37-46. (In Persian)


30. Omidbeygi, R. 1994. Approaches to production and processing of medicinal plants. Astan Quds Razavi publicatin. 349P. (In Persian)


31. Omidbeygi, R. 1999. Study of chemical types of chamomile on Iran and comparison with modified species. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 1: 45-53.


32. Rezaee Chiane, A., Zehtab Salmasi, S., Pirzad, A., and Rahimi, A. 2015.The effect of foliar micronutrients iron, zinc and manganese on yield, yield components, and seed oil, calendula (Calendula officinalis L.). Journal of Horticulture Science, 29(1): 95-102. (In Persian)


33. Rostami, B., Sadat Asilan, K., Yousefzadeh, S., and Mansorifar, S. 2017. Effect of foliar application of iron and zinc sulfate on quantitative traits and essential oil yield of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 48(2): 517-525. (In Persian)


34. Rostami, M., Karamian, R., and Joulaei, Z. 2015. Effect of different heavy metals on physiological traits of saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Saffron Agronomy & Technology, 3(2): 83-96.


35. Said-Al Ahl, H.A.H., and Omer, E.A. 2009. Effect of spraying with zinc and / or iron on growth and chemical composition of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) harvested at three stages of development. Journal of Medicinal Food Plants, 1: 30-46.


36. Sepehri, A., and Vaziri Amjad, Z. 2015. The effect of iron and zinc nano fertilizers on quantitative yield of chicory (Cichorium inyubus L.) in different crop densities. Journal of Agricultural Knowledge and Sustainable Production, 25 (1): 61-73. (In Persian)


37. Shabanzadeh, SH., Ramroudi, M., and Galavi, M. 2011. The effect of foliar application of micronutrients on yield and qualitative characteristics of (Nigella sativa L.) in different irrigation regimes. Journal of Crop Protection and Processing, 1(2): 79-89. (In Persian)


38. Shakoorifar, F., Ilkaee, M.M., and Jamnejad, M. 2016. Investigation of the cupper effect on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the Basil (Ocimum basilicum). Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding. 2(12): 19-33.


39. Waraich, E.A., Saifullah, R.A., and Ehsanullah, M.Y. 2011. Role of mineral nutrition in alleviation of drought stress in plants. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 5(6): 764-777.


40. Yassen, A., Abou El-Nour, E.A.A., and Shedeed, S. 2010. Response of wheat to foliar spray with urea and micronutrients. Journal of American Science, 6(9):14 - 22.


41. Yousefzadeh, S., Sabaghnia, N., and Janmohammadi, M. 2016. The effect of foliar application of nano-iron chelate on physiological and chemical traits of dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.). Journal of medicinal plants, 4(15): 152-162. (In Persian)


42. Zehtab-Salmasi, S., Heidari, F., and Alyari, H. 2008. Effect of microelements and plant density on biomass and essential oil production of peppermint (Mentha piperment L.). Plant Science Research, 1: 24-28.