فاکتورهای پیشرفته موثر بر کشت بزرگ مقیاس انواع ریزجلبک و اثرات آن در افزایش بهره وری
الموضوعات :ساسان قبادیان 1 , ندا سلطانی 2
1 - گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست، دانشگاه ملی ملایر، ملایر، ایران
2 - گروه میکروبیولوژی نفت، پژوهشکده علوم پایه کاربردی جهاد دانشگاهی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: محیط کشت, بازیافت آب در کشت, تنش برشی در ریزجلبک‌ها, کشت بزرگ مقیاس, کشت ریزجلبک,
ملخص المقالة :
شاید سخن گفتن در باب کاربری انواع گونه های ریزجلبکی در زمینه های مختلف، رویکردهای جهانی جهت افزایش بهره وری کشت این موجودات و نیل به برتری اقتصادی در کنار منافع عظیم زیست محیطی (مانند تصفیه فاضلاب و تثبیت CO2) گزاف باشد. جهت دستیابی به این افزایش بهره وری، تمرکز بر فاکتورهای مختلف موثر بر کشت در پژوهش های اخیر جهانی مشاهده می شود. در مورد برخی از این فاکتورها نظیر شرایط نوری، دما، غلظت مواد مغذی، میزان CO2 و نظایر آن پژوهش های مختلفی صورت گرفته است. لذا در این مقاله سعی شده با پرهیز از تکرار مقدمات و ذکر مجدد کاربری ها و یا بازگوئی اثرات فاکتورهای مذکور، صرفا پژوهش هائی مرور شوند که بر روی برخی فاکتورهای کمتر آزموده اما با تاثیرات مهم بر افزایش بهره‌وری کشت به ویژه در مقیاس بزرگ تمرکز کرده اند. لذا در ابتدا محیط های مختلف کشت شامل آب شیرین، آب دریا و فاضلاب جهت به کارگیری در کشت انبوه تشریح و مقایسه شده و گونه های برتر هریک از محیط ها معرفی شده اند و سپس روش‌های مختلف کشت شامل فتواتوتروفیک، هتروتروفیک، میکسوترفیک و فتوهتروتروفیک مقایسه شده اند. به استفاده مجدد از آب بازیافتی فرآیند کشت ریزجلبک ها جهت کاهش هزینه های تصفیه و پمپاژ و چالش‌های مرتبط با آن نگاهی شده و در انتها اثر تنش ها (که بواسطه تجهیزات بکارگرفته شده و در فرآیندهای کشت بزرگ مقیاس از دغدغه های اصلی است) بر روی بهره‌وری کشت و راهکارهای کاهش این اثرات مورد نظر قرار گرفته است.
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Al Hattab, M., Ghaly, A. and Hammouda, A. (2015). Microalgae harvesting methods for industrial production of biodiesel: critical review and comparative analysis. Journal of Fundamentals of Renewable Energy and Applications, 5(2):1000154.
Álvarez-Díaz, P., Ruiz, J., Arbib, Z., Barragán, J., Garrido-Pérez, M. and Perales, J. (2017). Freshwater microalgae selection for simultaneous wastewater nutrient removal and lipid production. Algal Research, 24:477-485.
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Chalmers, J. J. (2015). Mixing, aeration and cell damage, 30+ years later: what we learned, how it affected the cell culture industry and what we would like to know more about. Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering, 10:94-102.
Che, R., Ding, K., Huang, L., Zhao, P., Xu, J.-W., Li, T. and Yu, X. (2016). Enhancing biomass and oil accumulation of Monoraphidium sp. FXY-10 by combined fulvic acid and two-step cultivation. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 67:161-165.
Cheah, W. Y., Ling, T. C., Show, P. L., Juan, J. C., Chang, J. S. and Lee, D. J. (2016). Cultivation in wastewaters for energy: a microalgae platform. Applied Energy, 179:609-625.
Cheirsilp, B. and Torpee, S. (2012). Enhanced growth and lipid production of microalgae under mixotrophic culture condition: effect of light intensity, glucose concentration and fed-batch cultivation. Bioresource Technology, 110:510-516.
Chen, C.-Y., Yeh, K.-L., Aisyah, R., Lee, D. J.and Chang, J. S. (2011). Cultivation, photobioreactor design and harvesting of microalgae for biodiesel production: a critical review. Bioresource Technology, 102(1):71-81.
Chen, P., Min, M., Chen, Y., Wang, L., Li, Y., Chen, Q. and Cheng, Y. (2010). Review of biological and engineering aspects of algae to fuels approach. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 2(4):1-30.
Chew, K. W., Chia, S. R., Show, P. L., Yap, Y. J., Ling, T. C. and Chang, J. S. (2018). Effects of water culture medium, cultivation systems and growth modes for microalgae cultivation: A review. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 91:332-344.
Chisti, Y. (2000). Animal-cell damage in sparged bioreactors. Trends in biotechnology, 18(10): 420-432.
Chiu, S. Y., Kao, C. Y., Chen, C. H., Kuan, T.C., Ong, S. C. and Lin, C. S. (2008). Reduction of CO2 by a high-density culture of Chlorella sp. in a semicontinuous photobioreactor. Bioresource Technology, 99(9):3389-3396.
Chojnacka, K. and Marquez-Rocha, F. J. (2004). Kinetic and stoichiometric relationships of the energy and carbon metabolism in the culture of microalgae. Biotechnology, 3(1):21-34.
Contreras, A., García, F., Molina, E. and Merchuk, J. (1998). Interaction between CO2‐mass transfer, light availability, and hydrodynamic stress in the growth of Phaeodactylum tricornutum in a concentric tube airlift photobioreactor. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 60(3):317-325.
Duong, V.T., Li, Y., Nowak, E. and Schenk, P.M. (2012). Microalgae isolation and selection for prospective biodiesel production. Energies, 5(6):1835-1849.
Gallardo‐Rodríguez, J., García‐Camacho, F., Sánchez‐Mirón, A., López‐Rosales, L., Chisti, Y. and Molina‐Grima, E. (2012). Shear‐induced changes in membrane fluidity during culture of a fragile dinoflagellate microalga. Biotechnology Progress, 28(2):467-473.
Gallardo Rodríguez, J., Sánchez Mirón, A., García Camacho, F., García, C., Belarbi, E., Chisti, Y. and Molina Grima, E. (2011). Carboxymethyl cellulose and Pluronic F68 protect the dinoflagellate Protoceratium reticulatum against shear-associated damage. Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, 34(1):3-12.
Ghobadian, S., Ganjidoust, H., Ayati, B. and Soltani, N. (2018). Chlorophyll and Carotenoid Optimization of Spirulina Biomass by Innovative Photobioreactor. Modares Journal of Biotechnology, 9(3):483-494.
Ghobadian, S., Ganjidoust, H., Ayati, B. and Soltani, N. (2018). The innovative engineered photobioreactor to optimize the amount of microalgae Spirulina biomass. Nova Biol Repert, 5(1):13-25.
Gonçalves, A. L., Pires, J. C. and Simões, M. (2017). A review on the use of microalgal consortia for wastewater treatment. Algal Research, 24:403-415.
Gouveia, L., Graça, S., Sousa, C., Ambrosano, L., Ribeiro, B., Botrel, E. P. and Silva, C. M. (2016). Microalgae biomass production using wastewater: treatment and costs: scale-up considerations. Algal Research, 16:167-176.
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