بررسی اثر زمان کاشت و کاربرد کود شیمیایی نیتروژن و فسفر بر ویژگیهای جوانه‌زنی بذر بالنگو شیرازی Lallemantia royleana Benth.))
الموضوعات :
طاهره کریمی جلیله وندی
1
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دانشگاه شاهد
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الکلمات المفتاحية: کاشت بهاره, کاشت پاییزه, بهبود جوانه‌زنی, ترکیبات شیمیایی بذر, تنش غذایی,
ملخص المقالة :
به منظور بررسی تأثیر زمان کاشت و کود شیمیایی بر خصوصیات جوانه‌زنی بذر بالنگوی شیرازی، پژوهشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار، در سال زراعی 93 – 1392 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شاهد اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایش شامل تاریخ کشت پائیزه و بهاره و و نیز کود شیمیایی (نیتروژن، فسفر) در سه سطح عدم مصرف کود، کاربرد نصف کود مورد نیاز (23 کیلوگرم در هکتار N + 6/50 کیلوگرم در هکتار P2O5) و کاربرد مقدار کامل توصیه شده کود (46 کیلوگرم در هکتار N + 2/101 کیلوگرم در هکتار P2O5) بود. نتایج نشان داد اثر تاریخ کاشت بر درصد جوانه‌زنی، فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز، درصد نیتروژن و فسفر و درصد موسیلاژ بذر در سطح یک درصد معنی‌دار و بر وزن هزار دانه غیر معنی‌دار بود. اثر کود شیمیایی بر تمام صفات مذکور در سطح یک درصد معنی‌دار بود. هم‌چنین اثر متقابل تاریخ کاشت و کود شیمیایی بر فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز، درصد موسیلاژ، درصد نیتروژن و فسفر بذر در سطح یک درصد معنی‌دار و بر درصد جوانه‌زنی و وزن هزار دانه غیر معنی‌دار بود. نتایج مقایسه میانگین نشان داد که بیش‌ترین درصد جوانه‌زنی مربوط به کشت پاییزه (8/74 درصد) بود که افزایش 6/11 درصدی نسبت به کشت بهاره داشت. هم‌چنین بیش‌ترین درصد جوانه‌زنی مربوط به اعمال کود کامل (46 کیلوگرم در هکتار N + 2/101 کیلوگرم در هکتار P2O5) (6/88 درصد) بود که افزایش 4/73 درصدی نسبت به شاهد نشان داد. به طور کلی کشت پاییزه و مقدار کامل کود باعث افزایش کیفیت بذر‌های بالنگو می‌شود.
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