توسعه شبکه‌های بین بنگاهی راهکار به‌کارگیری ظرفیت بلااستفاده بنگاه‌های کوچک و متوسط تولیدی: ارائه نظریه داده بنیاد
الموضوعات :محسن نظری 1 , طهمورث حسنقلی پور 2 , غلامرضا سلیمانی 3 , سیدمجتبی موسوی نقابی 4
1 - دانشیار، اقتصاد، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران
2 - دانشیار، مدیریت، گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران،
3 - دکترا، مدیریت بازاریابی، معاون صنایع کوچک سازمان صنایع کوچک و شهرکهای صنعتی ایران،
4 - دانشجوی دکتری، مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران
الکلمات المفتاحية: تولیدی, شبکه بین‌بنگاهی, ظرفیت بلااستفاده, به کارگیری, بنگاه‌های کوچک و متوسط,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف پژوهش حاضر، تدوین مدل بکارگیری ظرفیت بلااستفاده بنگاه های کوچک و متوسط تولیدی است، که برای این منظور از روش تحقیق نظریه داده بنیاد استفاده شده است. داده های کیفی جمع آوری شده ازطریق مصاحبه بامدیران بنگاه ها و خبرگان و همچنین مطالعه مستندات مرتبط، طی مراحل سه گانه کدگذاری باز، محوری و گزینشی مورد تحلیل قرارگرفته و مدل تحقیق تدوین گردید. بنابر نتایج تحقیق، هم عوامل سطح ملی و هم عوامل سطح بنگاه بر بلااستفاده ماندن ظرفیت تولیدی مؤثرند. همچنین بکارگیری ظرفیت های بلااستفاده، مستلزم ایجاد و توسعه شبکه های بین بنگاهی است؛ تا از این طریق امکان واگذاری ظرفیت بلااستفاده به سایر بنگاه ها فراهم آید. بنابراین، می بایست هم‌زمان استراتژی های سطح ملی بسترسازی و حمایت از توسعه شبکه های بین بنگاهی و استراتژی های سطح رشته صنعت ایجاد شبکه های بین بنگاهی اجرایی شوند. اما عوامل محیطی مانند قوانین و مقررات، عوامل اقتصادی،عوامل فرهنگی و عوامل سیاسی، بر موفقیت استراتژی های حمایت از به کارگیری ظرفیت های بلااستفاده بسیار تأثیرگذارند. پیامدهای به کارگیری ظرفیت بلااستفاده بنگاه ها نیز در دو سطح کلان و سطح بنگاه قابل شناسایی هستند. اشتغال‌زایی با صرف هزینه و زمان بسیار کمتر، اجتناب از تبعات بیکاری و افزایش بهره وری ملی ازجمله مهم ترین منافع کلان به کارگیری ظرفیت های بلااستفاده است.
Basant, R. (2002), Knowledge flows and industrial clusters: an analytical review of literature.
Bazargan, A. (2009), Sociology of information society. Tehran: Didar Publishers, (In Persian).
Birks, M., & Mills, J. (2011), Grounded theory: A practical guide: Sage publications.
Ceglie, G. (2003), Cluster and network development: examples and lessons from UNIDO experience. In Proceedings of the Conference on Clusters, Industrial Districts and Firms: The Challenge of Globalization, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena.
Chen, Y. F., Drezner, Z., Ryan, J. K., & Simchi-Levi, D. (2000), Quantifying the Bullwhip Effect in a Simple Supply Chain: The Impact of Forecasting, Lead Times and Information. Management Science, 46, 436-443.
Chetty, S., & Blankenburg, H. D. (2000), Internationalisation of small to medium-sized manufacturing firms: a network approach. International Business Review, 9(1), 77-93.
Cooke, P. (2002), Knowledge economies: Clusters, learning and cooperative advantage. Routledge.
Creswell, J. W. (2007), Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design-Choosing among Five Approaches: Sage Publications. Thousand Oaks, California.
Danaeifard, H., & Emami, S. M. (2007), Strategies of Qualitative Research: A Reflection on Grounded Theory, Strategic Management Thought. 2. 69-97, (In Persian).
De Beuckelaer, A., & Wagner, S. M. (2007), Qualitative and quantitative international research: The issue of overlooking alternative explanations. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 13(3), 213-215.
De Maeseneire, W., & Claeys, T. (2012), SMEs, foreign direct investment and financial constraints: The case of Belgium. International Business Review, 21(3), 408-424.
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2011), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research: Sage.
Dey, I. (2007), Grounding categories. The Sage handbook of grounded theory.
Eaves, Y. D. (2001), A synthesis technique for grounded theory data analysis. Journal of advanced nursing, 35(5), 654-663.
Felzensztein, C., & Gimmon, E. (2008), Industrial Clusters and Social Networking for enhancing inter-firm cooperation: The case of natural resources-based industries in Chile. Journal of business market management, 2(4), 187-202.
Flint, D., Gammelgaard, B., Manuj, I., & Pohlen, T. L. (2012), A reviewer's guide to the grounded theory methodology in logistics and supply chain management research. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 42(8/9), 784-803.
Gilmore, A., Carson, D., & Rocks, S. (2006), Networking in SMEs: Evaluating its contribution to marketing activity. International Business Review, 15(3), 278-293.
Giuliani, E. (2007), The selective nature of knowledge networks in clusters: evidence from the wine industry. Journal of economic geography, 7(2), 139-168.
Glaser, B., & Strauss, A. (1967), The discovery grounded theory: strategies for qualitative inquiry. Aldin, Chicago.
Glaser, B. G. (1978), Theoretical sensitivity: Advances in the methodology of grounded theory: Sociology Pr.
Goulding, C. (2002), Grounded theory: A practical guide for management, business and market researchers: Sage.
Hood, J. C., Bryant, A., & Charmaz, K. (2007), Orthodoxy vs. power: The defining traits of grounded theory. The Sage handbook of grounded theory, 151-164.
Iran Small Industries and Industrial Parks Organization (ISIPO), (2016),Accessed at:http://isipo.ir/?part=menu&inc=menu&id=67 /, (In Persian).
Jones, O., & Tilley, F. (2003), Competitive advantage in SMEs: Organising for innovation and entrepreneurship: Chichester: Wiley.
kagarbarzi, A., jalaei, S. A., & pourrezagholi, H. (2015), The effect of unemployment on occurence of crime in Kerman Province (Case study: theft),. Knowledge Disciplinary of Kerman, 9. 18-30, (In Persian).
Karaev, A., Koh, S. C. L., & Szamosi, L. T. (2007), The cluster approach and SME competitiveness: a review. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 18(7), 818-835.
Kendall, J. (1999), Axial coding and the grounded theory controversy. Western journal of nursing research, 21(6), 743-757.
Kothari, C. (2004), Research methodology: Methods and techniques: New Age International.
kuzegari mameghani, Z. (2015),Survey planning and analysis of break-even and profit levers. International Conference on Accounting and Management, (In Persian).
Lake, P. W. (2004), Business networks within a regional industrial cluster. University of Southern Queensland.
Lee, J. (2001), A grounded theory: integration and internalization in ERP adoption and use.
Lodge, M., & Hood, C. (2005), Symposium introduction: competency and higher civil servants. Public administration, 83(4), 779-787.
Martin, V. B., & Gynnild, A. (2011), Grounded theory: the philosophy, method, and work of Barney Glaser: Universal-Publishers.
McCann, B. T., & Folta, T. B. (2008), Location matters: where we have been and where we might go in agglomeration research. Journal of Management, 34(3), 532-565.
McFerran, K. S., & Saarikallio, S. (2014), Depending on music to feel better: Being conscious of responsibility when appropriating the power of music. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 41(1), 89-97.
Mesquita, L. F. (2007),Starting over when the bickering never ends: Rebuilding aggregate trust among clustered firms through trust facilitators. Academy of Management Review, 32(1), 72-91.
Miller, D. C., & Salkind, N. J. (2002), Handbook of research design and social measurement: Sage.
Miller, N. J., Besser, T. L., & Sattler Weber, S. (2010), Networking as marketing strategy:a case study of small community businesses. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal,13(3), 253-270.
Mjøset, L. (2005), Can grounded theory solve the problems of its critics. Sosiologisk tidsskrift, 13(4), 379-408.
Newman, L. R. (2015), Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. A. Faghihi. & A. Aghaz. Tehran: Termeh Publishers, (In Persian).
Nwankwo, S., & Gbadamosi, T. (2010), Entrepreneurship marketing: principles and practice of SME marketing: Routledge.
O'Dwyer, M., Gilmore, A., & Carson, D. (2009), Innovative marketing in SMEs: a theoretical framework. European Business Review, 21(6), 504-515.
Oktay, J. S. (2012), Grounded theory: Oxford University Press.
Padgett, D. (2004), The qualitative research experience: Wadsworth/ Thomson Learning.
Schreiber, R. S., & Stern, P. N. (2001), Using grounded theory in nursing: Springer Publishing Company.
Scott, H. (2009), Data analysis: Getting conceptual. The grounded theory review, 8(2), 89-112.
Strauss, A. & Corbin, J. M. (2013), Basics of qualitative research: grounded theory procedures and techniques. A. Ebrahim. Tehran: Ney Publishers, (In Persian).
Shajari, H., Ostadi, H., & Sorayya, SH. (2014), A Survey of effective factors on Total Factor Productivity (TFP) (The Case Study of petrochemical Industries in Iran). Financial Economics and Development (Economics Journal), 27. 65-88, (In Persian).
Smith, K. (2008), A Grounded Theory Analysis of how College Students Search for Health Information on the Internet: The Case of HIV/AIDS: ProQuest.
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998), Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. SAGE Publications, Thousand Oaks, USA.
Suddaby, R. (2006), From the editors: What grounded theory is not. Academy of management journal, 49(4), 633-642.
Thornton, S. C., Henneberg, S. C., & Naudé, P. (2013), Understanding types of organizational networking behaviors in the UK manufacturing sector. Industrial Marketing Management, 42(7), 1154-1166.
Wagner, S. M., Lukassen, P., & Mahlendorf, M. (2010), Misused and missed use-Grounded Theory and Objective Hermeneutics as methods for research in industrial marketing. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(1), 5-15.
Zaheer, A., Gulati, R., & Nohria, N. (2000), Strategic networks. Strategic management journal, 21(3), 203.
_||_Basant, R. (2002), Knowledge flows and industrial clusters: an analytical review of literature.
Bazargan, A. (2009), Sociology of information society. Tehran: Didar Publishers, (In Persian).
Birks, M., & Mills, J. (2011), Grounded theory: A practical guide: Sage publications.
Ceglie, G. (2003), Cluster and network development: examples and lessons from UNIDO experience. In Proceedings of the Conference on Clusters, Industrial Districts and Firms: The Challenge of Globalization, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena.
Chen, Y. F., Drezner, Z., Ryan, J. K., & Simchi-Levi, D. (2000), Quantifying the Bullwhip Effect in a Simple Supply Chain: The Impact of Forecasting, Lead Times and Information. Management Science, 46, 436-443.
Chetty, S., & Blankenburg, H. D. (2000), Internationalisation of small to medium-sized manufacturing firms: a network approach. International Business Review, 9(1), 77-93.
Cooke, P. (2002), Knowledge economies: Clusters, learning and cooperative advantage. Routledge.
Creswell, J. W. (2007), Qualitative Inquiry & Research Design-Choosing among Five Approaches: Sage Publications. Thousand Oaks, California.
Danaeifard, H., & Emami, S. M. (2007), Strategies of Qualitative Research: A Reflection on Grounded Theory, Strategic Management Thought. 2. 69-97, (In Persian).
De Beuckelaer, A., & Wagner, S. M. (2007), Qualitative and quantitative international research: The issue of overlooking alternative explanations. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 13(3), 213-215.
De Maeseneire, W., & Claeys, T. (2012), SMEs, foreign direct investment and financial constraints: The case of Belgium. International Business Review, 21(3), 408-424.
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2011), The SAGE handbook of qualitative research: Sage.
Dey, I. (2007), Grounding categories. The Sage handbook of grounded theory.
Eaves, Y. D. (2001), A synthesis technique for grounded theory data analysis. Journal of advanced nursing, 35(5), 654-663.
Felzensztein, C., & Gimmon, E. (2008), Industrial Clusters and Social Networking for enhancing inter-firm cooperation: The case of natural resources-based industries in Chile. Journal of business market management, 2(4), 187-202.
Flint, D., Gammelgaard, B., Manuj, I., & Pohlen, T. L. (2012), A reviewer's guide to the grounded theory methodology in logistics and supply chain management research. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 42(8/9), 784-803.
Gilmore, A., Carson, D., & Rocks, S. (2006), Networking in SMEs: Evaluating its contribution to marketing activity. International Business Review, 15(3), 278-293.
Giuliani, E. (2007), The selective nature of knowledge networks in clusters: evidence from the wine industry. Journal of economic geography, 7(2), 139-168.
Glaser, B., & Strauss, A. (1967), The discovery grounded theory: strategies for qualitative inquiry. Aldin, Chicago.
Glaser, B. G. (1978), Theoretical sensitivity: Advances in the methodology of grounded theory: Sociology Pr.
Goulding, C. (2002), Grounded theory: A practical guide for management, business and market researchers: Sage.
Hood, J. C., Bryant, A., & Charmaz, K. (2007), Orthodoxy vs. power: The defining traits of grounded theory. The Sage handbook of grounded theory, 151-164.
Iran Small Industries and Industrial Parks Organization (ISIPO), (2016),Accessed at:http://isipo.ir/?part=menu&inc=menu&id=67 /, (In Persian).
Jones, O., & Tilley, F. (2003), Competitive advantage in SMEs: Organising for innovation and entrepreneurship: Chichester: Wiley.
kagarbarzi, A., jalaei, S. A., & pourrezagholi, H. (2015), The effect of unemployment on occurence of crime in Kerman Province (Case study: theft),. Knowledge Disciplinary of Kerman, 9. 18-30, (In Persian).
Karaev, A., Koh, S. C. L., & Szamosi, L. T. (2007), The cluster approach and SME competitiveness: a review. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 18(7), 818-835.
Kendall, J. (1999), Axial coding and the grounded theory controversy. Western journal of nursing research, 21(6), 743-757.
Kothari, C. (2004), Research methodology: Methods and techniques: New Age International.
kuzegari mameghani, Z. (2015),Survey planning and analysis of break-even and profit levers. International Conference on Accounting and Management, (In Persian).
Lake, P. W. (2004), Business networks within a regional industrial cluster. University of Southern Queensland.
Lee, J. (2001), A grounded theory: integration and internalization in ERP adoption and use.
Lodge, M., & Hood, C. (2005), Symposium introduction: competency and higher civil servants. Public administration, 83(4), 779-787.
Martin, V. B., & Gynnild, A. (2011), Grounded theory: the philosophy, method, and work of Barney Glaser: Universal-Publishers.
McCann, B. T., & Folta, T. B. (2008), Location matters: where we have been and where we might go in agglomeration research. Journal of Management, 34(3), 532-565.
McFerran, K. S., & Saarikallio, S. (2014), Depending on music to feel better: Being conscious of responsibility when appropriating the power of music. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 41(1), 89-97.
Mesquita, L. F. (2007),Starting over when the bickering never ends: Rebuilding aggregate trust among clustered firms through trust facilitators. Academy of Management Review, 32(1), 72-91.
Miller, D. C., & Salkind, N. J. (2002), Handbook of research design and social measurement: Sage.
Miller, N. J., Besser, T. L., & Sattler Weber, S. (2010), Networking as marketing strategy:a case study of small community businesses. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal,13(3), 253-270.
Mjøset, L. (2005), Can grounded theory solve the problems of its critics. Sosiologisk tidsskrift, 13(4), 379-408.
Newman, L. R. (2015), Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. A. Faghihi. & A. Aghaz. Tehran: Termeh Publishers, (In Persian).
Nwankwo, S., & Gbadamosi, T. (2010), Entrepreneurship marketing: principles and practice of SME marketing: Routledge.
O'Dwyer, M., Gilmore, A., & Carson, D. (2009), Innovative marketing in SMEs: a theoretical framework. European Business Review, 21(6), 504-515.
Oktay, J. S. (2012), Grounded theory: Oxford University Press.
Padgett, D. (2004), The qualitative research experience: Wadsworth/ Thomson Learning.
Schreiber, R. S., & Stern, P. N. (2001), Using grounded theory in nursing: Springer Publishing Company.
Scott, H. (2009), Data analysis: Getting conceptual. The grounded theory review, 8(2), 89-112.
Strauss, A. & Corbin, J. M. (2013), Basics of qualitative research: grounded theory procedures and techniques. A. Ebrahim. Tehran: Ney Publishers, (In Persian).
Shajari, H., Ostadi, H., & Sorayya, SH. (2014), A Survey of effective factors on Total Factor Productivity (TFP) (The Case Study of petrochemical Industries in Iran). Financial Economics and Development (Economics Journal), 27. 65-88, (In Persian).
Smith, K. (2008), A Grounded Theory Analysis of how College Students Search for Health Information on the Internet: The Case of HIV/AIDS: ProQuest.
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (1998), Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. SAGE Publications, Thousand Oaks, USA.
Suddaby, R. (2006), From the editors: What grounded theory is not. Academy of management journal, 49(4), 633-642.
Thornton, S. C., Henneberg, S. C., & Naudé, P. (2013), Understanding types of organizational networking behaviors in the UK manufacturing sector. Industrial Marketing Management, 42(7), 1154-1166.
Wagner, S. M., Lukassen, P., & Mahlendorf, M. (2010), Misused and missed use-Grounded Theory and Objective Hermeneutics as methods for research in industrial marketing. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(1), 5-15.
Zaheer, A., Gulati, R., & Nohria, N. (2000), Strategic networks. Strategic management journal, 21(3), 203.
