ارائه مدل تعیین سطح پیچیدگی تکنولوژیک فعالیت‌های تحقیق و توسعه در شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان (مورد مطالعه: شرکت‌های مستقر در پارک علم و فناوری گلستان)

الموضوعات :

غلامعلی شهمرادی ¹ , تقی ترابی ² , رضا رادفر ³ , محمدحسن چراغعلی ⁴

1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت تکنولوژی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران،ایران
2 - دانشیار گرو اقتصاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - استاد گروه مدیریت تکنولوژی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
4 - استادیار گروه برنامه ریزی علوم اداری و مدیریت، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

تاريخ الإرسال : 18 الأربعاء , ذو القعدة, 1444 تاريخ التأكيد : 28 السبت , محرم, 1446 تاريخ الإصدار : 20 السبت , جمادى الثانية, 1446

الکلمات المفتاحية: پیچیدگی تکنولوژیک , تحقیق و توسعه , شرکتهای دانش بنیان,

ملخص المقالة :

امروزه تحقیق و توسعه شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان، از منابع مهم ایجاد تحوّل در حوزه‌های تکنولوژی و تولید دانش محسوب می‌شوند. هر چه سطح فعالیت‌های تحقیقاتی شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان پیشرفته‌تر و بنیادی‌تر باشد و میزان پیچیدگی فناورانه‌ی این فعالیت‌ها بالاتر باشد، امکان عرضه محصولات رقابتی‌تر فراهم می‌گردد. در این راستا پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارائه مدل تعیین سطح پیچیدگی فناورانه فعالیت‌های تحقیق و توسعه در شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان، انجام شد. این تحقیق از نظر هدف جزء پژوهش‌های کاربردی و از منظر روش‌شناسی در دسته پژوهش‌های آمیخته قرار دارد. در بخش کیفی با رویکرد نظریه داده‌بنیاد، داده‌ها از مطالعه اسناد و مرور ادبیات و انجام مصاحبه‌های نیمه-ساختاریافته با 20 نفر از خبرگان حوزه تحقیق و توسعه و متخصصین شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان، گردآوری شد. با تجزیه و تحلیل داده های بخش کیفی و طی سه مرحله کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی، 97 عامل تأثیرگذار در تعیین سطح پیچیدگی شناسایی شدند، سپس عامل دستیابی به تکنولوژی پیشرفته به‌عنوان مقوله محوری انتخاب شد و بقیه عوامل در درون سازه‌های پژوهش(عوامل علّی، زمینه ای، مداخله گر، راهبردها و پیامدها) جا گرفتند و مدل پارادایمی پژوهش شکل گرفت . داده‌های بخش کمّی از طریق پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته، از جامعه آماری مورد نظر(مدیران و کارشناسان شرکت‌های فعال در پارک علم و فناوری گلستان)، گردآوری شد، سپس تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها و نیز برازش مدل با روش مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری و با استفاده از نرم افزار smart pls3 انجام شد. شاخص‌های برازش، حاکی از برازش مناسب داده‌ها با مدل نهایی( شامل 91 عامل مؤثر در تعیین سطح پیچیدگی فناورانه تحقیق و توسعه) داشت.

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