چالش‌های یادگیری معکوس: تحلیل محتوای کیفی
الموضوعات :
حافظ صاحب یار
1
,
رامین حبیبی کلیبر
2
,
جواد مصرآبادی
3
,
ابوالفضل فرید
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری روان شناسی تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان شناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران.
2 - استاد روانشناسی تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران.
3 - استاد روانشناسی تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران.
4 - دانشیار روانشناسی تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: چالش‌ها, موانع, تحلیل محتوای کیفی, یادگیری معکوس,
ملخص المقالة :
طی دهه های اخیر، با پیشرفت سریع فناوری موبایل، ظهور سایت‌های وب 2.0 و گسترش شبکه‌های اجتماعی و از طرف دیگر همه گیری کووید-19، نظام های آموزشی را به سمت آموزش مجازی و مدل های ترکیبی مثل یادگیری معکوس هدایت کرده اند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف شناسایی و طبقه بندی چالش‌های اجرایی یادگیری معکوس انجام شده است. روش پژوهش، کیفی و از نوع تحلیل محتوای استقرایی بوده و از مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته و مرورنظام مندِ مقالات فارسی و انگلیسی مستخرج از بانک های اطلاعاتی داخلی(نور مگز، بانک اطلاعاتی نشریات ایران و پایگاه علمی جهاد دانشگاهی) و خارجی (SCOPUS, ProQuest, Wiley, PubMed, Springer, Elsevier, Google scholar) با استفاده از کلیدواژه های "یادگیری معکوس"، "آموزش معکوس "، "کلاس معکوس، "چالش" و "موانع" به همراه معادل انگلیسی آن ها در بازه زمانی 1401-1395 و 2022-2013 استفاده شد. نتیجه جست وجوی اولیه، در مجموع تعداد 1113 مقاله شد. پس از اعمال ملاک های ورود و خروج در مجموع 100 مقاله( 28 مقاله فارسی و 72 مقاله انگلیسی) برای تحلیل انتخاب شدند. نتایج نشان می دهند چالش‌های اجرایی یادگیری معکوس را می توان در 8 طبقه شناسایی کرد. چالش‌های مرتبط با: فرد یادگیرنده؛ معلم و مدرسه؛ محتو؛ آموزش؛ خانواده؛ مدیریتی و عملیاتی؛ اخلاقی و امنیتی؛ فنی و تکنولوژیکی. با توجه به علاقه معلمان و محققان به یادگیری معکوس و تأثیرات ناشی از ویروس کووید-19 ضروری بود شکاف ها و چالش‌های اجرایی یادگیری معکوس مورد بررسی، شناسایی و طبقه بندی گردد تا آگاهی و اطلاعات محققان و مربیان بیشتر؛ و زمینه ی ارایه راهکارهای بهبود و ارتقا این مدل؛ و از سوی دیگر راهنمای عمل، آمادگی و امکان برنامه ریزی بهتر برای اجرا و کاربرد اثربخش آن فراهم شود.
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_||_خواستار، حمزه.(1388). ارایه‌ی روشی برای محاسبه‌ی پایایی مرحله‌ی کدگذاری در مصاحبه‌های پژوهشی. روششناسی علوم انسانی، 15(58)، 174-161.
دلاور، علی.(1397). روش تحقیق در روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی. تهران: نشر ویرایش.
سرمد، زهره؛ بازرگان، عباس و حجازی، الهه.(1399). روش‌های تحقیق در علوم رفتاری. انتشارات آگه.
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