بررسی نهاد داوری سازمانی در حقوق ایران با رویکردی بر مبانی مشروعیّت آن
الموضوعات :
ام البنین حسن پور تیجی
1
(
دانشجوی دکتری گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران
)
عذرا انتخابیان
2
(
استادیار گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد مشهد، مشهد، ایران
)
الکلمات المفتاحية: داوری, حکمیت, داوری سازمانی, داوری موردی, مبانی مشروعیّت,
ملخص المقالة :
داوری سازمانی در جایی است که طرفین توافق میکنند موضوع اختلاف آنها تحت نظارت یک سازمان حقوقی، کنترل، اداره و مدیریت شود. در حقیقت بخلاف داوری موردی که با مراجعۀ اصحاب دعوا به شخص یا اشخاصی معیّن تحقّق می یابد، نهاد داوری سازمانی با تشکیلات و قواعد داوری منسجم، و مکانیسمی متفاوت از داوری موردی، از مزایای غیر قابل انکاری از قبیل شیوۀ خدمات رسانی به طرفین دعاوی در جهت انتخاب داور و نظارت بر روند صدور حکم برخوردار است. نظر به اهمیّت عملکرد این نهاد، علّت پرداختن به این موضوع، تبیین هر جه بیشتر و پرداختن به مبانی مشروعیّت آن می باشد. ثمرۀ مطالعه حاضر که به روش تحلیلی صورت پذیرفته، آن است که آراء صادره از این نهاد، همچون آراء صادره از شورای حل اختلاف لازم الاجراء بوده و به نوعی می توان آن را زیرمجموعه ای از شورای حل اختلاف قلمداد کرد. ضمن اینکه مشروعیت فعالیّت های آن، مستفاد از اطلاق آیات، روایات و استدلال بر سیره و دلیل عقل، قابل استناد است. همچنین بنای عقلا بر اهتمام به امور غیر در زمان بروز منازعات، و استناد به قواعد فقهی در مقام ضرورت دفع ضرر وارده که مصداقی از احسان و نیکوکاری است، مشروعیّت فعالیّت سازمان موردنظر را تأیید می کند.
قرآن کریم.
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