تأثیر پرایمینگ بذر با سالیسلیک اسید و محلول‌پاشی برگی براسینواستروئید بر عملکرد و برخی از صفات فیزیولوژیکی رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) در شرایط کم‌آبیاری

الموضوعات : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

طاهره مجردی ¹ , محمدرضا یاورزاده ² , فاطمه شیرزادی ³

1 - دانشجوی دکترای زراعت گرایش اگروتکنولوژی، گروه کشاورزی، واحد بم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بم، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه کشاورزی، واحد بم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بم، ایران
3 - دکترای زراعت گرایش اگرواکولوژی، عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی کرمانشاه، ایران

تاريخ الإرسال : 18 الأربعاء , جمادى الثانية, 1441 تاريخ التأكيد : 04 الأحد , محرم, 1442 تاريخ الإصدار : 03 الأحد , صفر, 1442

الکلمات المفتاحية: تنش خشکی, درصد اسانس, رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی, تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد,

ملخص المقالة :

استفاده از تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد یکی از راه‌های کاهش اثرات نامطلوب تنش خشکی است. به منظور بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف تنش کم‌آبیاری، پرایمینگ بذری با سالیسیلیک اسید و محلول‌پاشی برگی براسینواستروئید بر صفات فیزیولوژیکی و عملکرد رازیانه آزمایشی در سال زراعی 1397 در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بم واقع در استان کرمان آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت- فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. کرت‌های اصلی شامل سه سطح آبیاری شامل 50 (به عنوان شاهد)، 75 و 100 میلی‌متر تبخیر از سطح تشتک تبخیر کلاس A بود. فاکتور فرعی شامل پرایمینگ بذر با سالیسیلیک اسید (در دو سطح عدم کاربرد و پرایمینگ بذر با غلظت 1600 میکرو‌مولار) و محلول‌پاشی برگی براسینواستروئید در سه سطح با غلظت‌های صفر ، 8-10 و 7-10مولار در مراحل شش‌برگی و ظهور چتر بود. صفات مورد مطالعه شامل محتوای نسبی آب برگ، محتوای کلروفیل a، b و کل، محتوای کاروتنوئید، آنتوسیانین، قندهای محلول، درصد اسانس و عملکرد دانه بود. طبق نتایج حاصل کم‌آبیاری سبب کاهش محتوای آب نسبی برگ، محتوای کلروفیل، کاروتنوئید و عملکرد دانه و افزایش آنتوسیانین، قندهای محلول و درصد اسانس شد. پرایمینگ با سالیسیلیک اسید و براسینواستروئید تأثیر مثبتی بر اغلب صفات مورد مطالعه داشت. بیشترین میزان کلروفیل کل (54/1) و عملکرد دانه (1281 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در تیمار 50 میلی‌متر و پرایمینگ با سالیسیلیک اسید مشاهده شد. غلظت‌های 7-10 و 8-10 مولار براسینواستروئید به ترتیب سبب افزایش 4/5 و 2/3 درصـدی محتوای آب نسبی برگ شد. پرایمینگ با سالیسیلیک اسید در غلظت‌های صفر، 8-10 و 7-10 مولار براسینواستروئید درصد اسانس را به ترتیب 8، 4/24 و 6/13 درصد افزایش داد. در تیمارهای کم‌آبیاری 50، 75 و 100 میلی‌متر به ترتیب 5/4، 7/6 و 14 درصد افزایش قندهای محلول در اثر پرایمینگ با سالیسیلیک اسید مشاهده شد. با توجه به نتایج، پرایمینگ سالیسیلیک اسید و محلول‌پاشی براسینواستروئید می تواند تا حدودی اثرات منفی ناشی از کم‌آبیاری را کاهش دهد.

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