مطالعه کیفی نقشهای جنسیتی زنان در زلزله
الموضوعات :فریده بهمن جنبه 1 , مریم اردیبهشتی خیابان 2 , شهناز کهن 3
1 - دکترای بهداشت باروری، استادیار، گروه مامایی، واحدتبریز، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، تبریز، ایران،
2 - عضو هیات علمی، گروه مامایی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، مرکز تحقیقات سلامت زنان، دانشکده پرستاری مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: زنان, جنسیت, زلزله, بلایای طبیعی, مطالعه کیفی,
ملخص المقالة :
پژوهش حاضر به بررسی نیارها، مشکلات و چالشهای وابسته به جنسیت در زنان آسیب دیده از زلزله منطقه ارسباران استان آذربایجان شرقی با رویکرد تحلیل محتوای کیفی و با استفاده از مصاحبه های نیمه ساختاریافته انفرادی پرداخته است. مشارکت کنندگان از بین زنان 49-15 ساله زلزله زده و مدیران، مسئولان و ارائه دهندگان مستقیم خدمت استان آذربایجان شرقی و شهرستانهای اهر، هریس، ورزقان و روستاهای حادثه دیده آنها با استقاده از نمونه گیری مبتنی بر هدف و در طی یک دوره شش ماهه انتخاب و اطلاعات گردآوری شده با روش تحلیل محتوای مرسوم گرانهایم، مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. از کدگذاری و آنالیز اظهارات مشارکت کنندگان درطی مصاحبه ها، دوطبقه اصلی شامل "مسئولیتهای جنسیتی زنان" و "تابوهای فرهنگی منطقه و آسیب پذیری زنان" شکل گرفت. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد اگرچه زمین لرزه، کل جمعیت منطقه را دچار مشکلات متعددی نمود ولی در این میان، زنان سنین باروری گروه هدف مطالعه، چالش ها و نیازهای منحصر به فردی داشته و وقوع حادثه باعث تشدید درگیریهای روزمره زندگی و بارسنگین مسئولیتی بر دوش آنان شده و حادثه اخیر، اثرات مخربی بر روی برخی جنبه های سلامت باروری زنان بخصوص زنان باردار، درحال زایمان و شیرده داشته است. زنان بدلیل شرایط خاص خود و تابوها و موانع فرهنگی حاکم بر جامعه، متفاوت از مردان از حادثه متأثر شده و لذا توجه به فشارهای ایجاد شده برای زنان بدلیل نقشهای جنسیتی آنها باید از سوی ارائه دهندگان خدمات، سیاستگذاران و برنامه ریزان حوزه سلامت بعنوان اولویت مهم در نظر گرفته شود.
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