مقایسه اثربخشی آموزش فرزندپروری مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد و فرزندپروری مبتنی بر روان شناسی مثبت‌گرا بر تنظیم هیجان ،تاب آوری و رابطه مادر-کودک در مادران کودکان دارای اختلال نارسایی توجه/ بیش فعالی
الموضوعات :
محبوبه بنانی
1
(دانشجوی دکتری گروه روان شناسی،واحد بوشهر،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،بوشهر،ایران)
ناصر امینی
2
(استادیار، گروه روان شناسی،واحد بوشهر،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،بوشهر،ایران ( نویسنده مسئول )
(n.amini@iaubushehr.ac.ir)
محمود برجعلی
3
(استادیار مدعو گروه روان شناسی واحد بوشهر،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،بوشهر،ایران ؛ استادیار گروه روان شناسی بالینی،واحد تهران،دانشگاه خوارزمی،تهران،ایران)
مولود کیخسروانی
4
(استادیار، گروه روان شناسی،واحد بوشهر،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،بوشهر،ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: تنظیم هیجان, مادران, اختلال نارسایی توجه/ بیش‌فعالی, فرزندپروری مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد, فرزندپروری مبتنی بر روان‌شناسی مثبت‌گرا,
ملخص المقالة :
مادران کودکان مبتلا به نارسایی توجه/ بیش‌فعالی با چالش‌های مهمی مواجه‌اند، هدف این پژوهش مقایسه اثربخشی آموزش فرزندپروری مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد و فرزندپروری مبتنی بر روان‌شناسی مثبت‌گرا بر تنظیم هیجان، تاب آوری و رابطه مادر-کودک در جامعه اماری مادران کودکان دارای اختلال نارسایی توجه/ بیش‌فعالی 8 تا 12 ساله پسر شهر تهران در سال 1399-1400 با روش پژوهش نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون-پس آزمون با دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه گواه بود. بوسیله نمونه‌گیری در دسترس، 45 مادر داوطلب وارد مطالعه شدند و به شکل تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایشی و یک گروه گواه جایگزین شدند. ابزار پژوهش، مقیاس دشواری در تنظیم هیجان گراتز و رومر، مقیاس تاب آوری کانرو دیویدسون و مقیاس رابطه مادر-کودک پیانتا و محتوی دوره آموزشی فرزندپروری مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد کوین و مورل و آموزش مبتنی بر روان‌شناسی مثبت‌گرا سلیگمن بودند. برای تحلیل داده‌ها، از شاخص‌های توصیفی (میانگین وانحراف معیار )و آمار استنباطی (تحلیل کوواریانس چند متغیری) در نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 22 استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد، بین گروه آموزشی فرزندپروری مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد ، گروه آموزشی فرزندپروری مبتنی بر روان شناسی مثبت گرا و گروه گواه ، در میانگین نمره ی تنظیم هیجان و رابطه مادر-کودک تفاوت معناداری وجود داشت.اما در میانگین نمره تاب آوری تفاوت معناداری وجود نداشت. همچنین آموزش فرزندپروری مبتنی بر روان شناسی مثبت گرا اثربخشی بیشتری بر تنظیم هیجان و رابطه مادر-کودک در مادران کودکان دارای اختلال نارسایی توحه/ بیش فعالی داشت بنابراین به مشاوران توصیه می‌شود از یافته‌های مطالعه حاضر در راستای مداخلات بالینی جهت کمک به بهبود تنظیم هیجان و افزایش تاب آوری و ارتقإ کیفیت رابطه مادر-کودک در مادران کودکان دارای نارسایی توجه/ بیش‌فعالی استفاده نمایند.
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_||_Amini Naghani, Sh., Najarpoorian, S., and Samavi S.A.(1399). Comparison of the effectiveness of positive parenting education with parenting based on acceptance and commitment on mothers' aggression and symptoms of confrontational disobedience disorder in children. Scientific Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences, 28 (1), 67-77.
Abdollahi,A.(1394)The effectiveness of parenting education based on acceptance and commitment on the parent-child relationship, improving parenting methods and aggression of preschool children in Neishabour. Master Thesis in Clinical Psychology. Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch
Azimifar, Sh, Jazayeri, R, Fatehizadeh, M, and A. (1396). Evaluating the effect of parental management education and parenting education with a treatment method focused on acceptance and commitment in the mother-child relationship Mothers of children with externalized behavioral problems. Family Counseling and Psychotherapy, 7 (2 (24 in a row)), 99-122. https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=316169.
Allah Dini Hesarouieh, M., Mawlawi, P., and Mawlawi N.(1400). The effectiveness of positive psychology training on promoting self-efficacy and interpersonal emotion regulation in chronic mental patients. Quarterly Journal of New Ideas in Psychology, 9 (13), 1-13. Ahmadi A, Raeisi Z.(2018). The effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on distress tolerance in mothers of children with autism. J child ment health. 5(3):69-79.
Allahyari, M. (2021). The Effectiveness of Parenting Education based on Acceptance and Commitment on Anger and Emotional Self - Regulation of Mothers of Children with ADHD. Journal of Human Relations Studies, 1(2), 27-34.
Alvord, M. K. & Grados, J. J. (2005). Enhancing resilience in children: A proactive approach. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 36(3), 238-245.
American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed (DSM-5),(2013).Washington ,DC: American Psychiatric Association
and parenting
Berry, J. W., & Worthington, E. L., Jr. (2001). Forgivingness, relationship quality, stress while imagining relationship events, and physical and mental health. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 48(4), 447–455.
Berry, J. W., Worthington, E. L., Jr, O'Connor, L. E., Parrott, L., 3rd, & Wade, N. G. (2005). Forgivingness, vengeful rumination, and affective traits. Journal of personality,73(1),183–225. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2004.00308.x
Block, J. (2002). Personality as an affect-processing system. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
Brown, F. L., Whittingham, K., Boyd, R. N., McKinlay, L., & Sofronoff, K. (2015). Does Stepping Stones Triple P plus Acceptance and Commitment Therapy improve parent, couple, and family adjustment following paediatric acquired brain injury? A randomised controlled trial. Behaviour research and therapy, 73, 58–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2015.07.001
Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: The Connor‐Davidson resilience scale (CD‐RISC). Depression and anxiety, 18(2), 76-82.
Coyne, L., & Murrell, A. (2009). The joy of parenting: An acceptance and commitment therapy guide to effective parenting in the early years: New Harbinger Publications.
Delavar A.( 2015). Theoretical and practical foundations of research in the humanities and social sciences. 1st ed. Tehran Roshd Publication.
Driscoll, K., Pianta, R.C. (2011). Mother’s and father’s perceptions of conflict and closeness in parent- child relationships during early chilhood. Journal of early chilhood and infant psychology, 7, 1-18
Fernandez-Alcantara M, Garcia-Caro M P, Laynez-Rubio C, Perez-Marfil M N, Marti-Garcia C, Benitez-Feliponi A, Berrocal-Castellano M, Cruz-Quintana F.(2015). Feeling of loss in parents of children with infantile cerebral palsy. Disability and health journal.;8(1):93-101.
Fontenelle, L. F., Soares, I. D., Miele, F., Borges, M. C., Prazeres, A. M., Rangé, B. P., & Moll, J. (2009). Empathy and symptoms dimensions of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Journal of psychiatric research, 43(4), 455–463.
Faraghi Dastjerd, B., Sharifi Daramadi, P., and Farrokhi, N. (1398). The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based education program on mother-child interaction Mothers with children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 62 (3), 427-436. https://doi.org/10.22038/mjms.2019.14930
Ghorbani Amir, H. A., Moradi, O., Arefi, M., & Ahmadian, H. (2019). The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Cognitive-Emotional Regulation, Resilience, and Self-control Strategies in Divorced Women. Avicenna Journal of Neuro Psycho Physiology, 6(4), 195-202.
Goodarzi, F., and Soltani, Z., and Hosseini Siddiq, M., and Hamdami, M., and Ghasemi Jobneh. (1396). The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on the excitement and quality of life of mothers with mentally retarded children. Disability Studies, 7 (13). http://jdisabilstud.org/article-1-660-fa.htm
Gelehgirian, P., Poladi Rishshahri, A., and Kaykhosravani, M. (1398). The effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on mental vitality, resilience and self-compassion in mothers with children with cerebral palsy. Psychology of Exceptional People, 9 (35), 193-213.
Ghiasi, S., Jafar Tabatabai, T., and Nasri, M. (1395). The effect of positive thinking training on emotional regulation and psychological well-being of undergraduate students in Birjand University in 1993-94. Journal of Scientific Researchers, 14 (4), 27-37.
Gould, E. R., Tarbox, J., & Coyne, L. (2018). Evaluating the effects of acceptance and commitment training on the overt behavior of parents of children with autism. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 7, 81-88.
Gratz KL, Roemer L,(2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. 26: 41-54. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1023/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94
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