Sense of Security from the Environmental Perspective A Case Study of Tehran’s Pardisan Park

الموضوعات : Space Ontology International Journal

Mozhgan Nozari ¹ , Mehrdad Mazloumi ² , Esmaeil Salehi ³

1 - M.S graduate of Urban Planning, Qazvin Islamic Azad University, Faculty of Urban Design and Planning, Qazvin, Iran
2 - Assistant Professor of Urban Design and Planning, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Qazvin Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran
3 - Associate Professor of Environmental Planning, Management and Education, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

تاريخ الإرسال : 26 الجمعة , رجب, 1436 تاريخ التأكيد : 28 الأربعاء , رمضان, 1436 تاريخ الإصدار : 25 الأربعاء , شعبان, 1437

الکلمات المفتاحية: Environmental factors, Tehran, Improving the Sense of Security, urban parks, Urban Design and Planning,

ملخص المقالة :

Since, in the same vein as public spaces, urban green spaces play a significant role in establishing social interactions in the Iranian cities, security concerns need to be taken more seriously in such places than other social environments, the insufficiency of which could diminish their functional capacity. This could in turn lead to a source of subsequent difficulties in urban spaces. Therefore, the undeniable role of environmental factors in inducing a sense of tranquility in individuals needs to be further taken into account in the field of urban design and planning. In light of the above concern, this study aimed at explaining the contributing environmental factors to fostering a sense of security. To this end, the scope of this was limited to Pardisan Park as the case study. This was a qualitative research, in which the prepared questionnaires were analyzed using AMOS in order to examine the various environmental factors. After a preliminary test was conducted, a conceptual model comprising five perspectives of environmental legibility, visual disturbance, lighting, cleanliness, and noise pollution was developed and analyzed. Taking the significance level as well as goodness- and badness-of-fit indices into consideration, all of these perspectives had acceptable load factors. Their impact ratios were 0.51, 0.28, 0.30, 0.78, and 0.23, respectively. Finally, suggestions were made in order to enhance the sense of security in the specified space, which could be implemented by landscape designers and urban managers.

المصادر:

1. Almasifar, N. & M. Ansari. (2010). The study of environmental security in regional parks as parts of urban spaces from the perspective of women according to the CPTED approach. Urban Management Journal, (21), 25-34.


2. Bemanian, M. & H. Mahmoudinejad. (2009). Urban design and security. Tehran: Talhan Publication. Vol. 1, 42-48.


3. Gharaee, F., N. jahanbanirad, Rashidpour, N. (2010). The study and evaluation of sense of security in different urban areas: A case study of Districts 2 and 11 of Tehran. Tehran: Armanshahr Publication, 14, 14-22.


4. Hafeznia, M. (2002). An introduction to research methodology in the Humanities. Tehran: Samt Publication, 6.


5. Heshmati, M. (2003). Defensible Space: Urban design strategy for preventing/reducing crimes (Unpublished master’s thesis). Shahid Beheshti University, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tehran, 12.


6. Heshmati, M. (2005). The effect of urban design on preventing crime and disorder. Shahid Beheshti University, Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Tehran, Sofeh Journal, 41 (83).


7. Jeffery, C. (1971). Crime Prevention through Environmental Design. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publication, 184 -186.


8. Lynch, K. (1993). The image of the city. Trans. Manouchehr Mazini. Tehran: The University of Tehran Publication, 17. 


9. McAndrew,F.(2013).Environmental psychology. Trans. Gholamreza Mahmoudi. Tehran: Vania Publication, 6-23.


10. Mortazavi,S. (1988). Environmental psychology. Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University Publication Center, 8.


11. Motalebi, G. (2011). Environmental Psychology: A New Discipline in the Service of Urban Design and Architecture. The Honarhay-E Ziba Quarterly, 10, 52-67.


12. Omidvar,A.(2000).National security: Theoretical dimensions and practical strategies. Articles on national security and the police force role. Tehran: The ideological-political body of the Law Enforcement Force of the Islamic Republic of Iran, 63-81.


13. Pakzad, J. (2007). The image of the city and what Kevin Lynch knew about it. Articles on the concepts of architecture and urbanism. Tehran: Shahidi Publication. Vol. 2, 54.


14. Pakzad, J. & H. Bozorg. (2012). The ABC of environmental psychology for urban designers. Tehran: Armanshahr Publication. Vol. 1, 13-20. 


15. Pourjafar ,M., H.Mahmoudinejad, Rafieeyan, M. &M. Ansari. (2008). Improving environmental security and reducing urban crimes with an emphasis on the CPTED approach. The International Journal of Engineering Science of Iran University of Science and Technology, 19 (16), 74-79.


16. Salehi, E. (2007). The role of environmental design and planning in safe urban parks. Zemestan Journal, 24, 22-32.


17. Salehi, E. (2008). The environmental features of safe urban spaces. Tehran: The study and research center for Iranian Architecture and Urbanism, 87-163.


18. Sheikhi, S. (2012). Crime prevention in urban parks with an emphasis on the role of environmental factors: A case study of Laleh Park (Unpublsihed master’s thesis). The University of Tehran, Tehran, 23-27.