Response of Morphological Traits and Seed Protein Content of Bread Wheat to Apply Different Level of Biological and Chemical Fertilizers
الموضوعات :Reza Dashtbozorgi 1 , Shahram Lack 2
1 - Msc. Graduated, Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 - Professor, Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
الکلمات المفتاحية: Nutrition, phosphorus, Spike length, Yield</i>, <i>Leaf area index,
ملخص المقالة :
BACKGROUND: Nutrient management may be achieved by the involvement of organic sources, bio-fertilizers, and micro-nutrients. Indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers to achieve high yield and to compensate for lack of nutrients and consequently the increase of production costs and destruction of soil and water resources have made the specialists interested in healthy and stable crop systems in terms of ecology.OBJECTIVES: This research was done to assess effect of different levels of biologic and chemical fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Bread wheat.METHODS: Current study was conducted according split plot experiment based on completely randomized block design with three replications. The main plot included Biofertilizer at two levels (a1: nonuse of biofertilizer, a2: use of biofertilizer) also the chemical fertilizer in six levels (b1: nonuse of fertilizer use, b2: 100% triple superphosphate, b3: 100% liquid phosphorus, b4: 50% triple superphosphate + 50% phosphorus liquid, b5: 75% triple superphosphate + 25% liquid phosphorus, b6: 25% triple superphosphate + 75% liquid phosphorus) were belonged to sub-plot.RESULT: According result of analysis of variance effect of different level of Biofertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and interaction effect of treatments on all measured traits was significant. Evaluation mean comparison result of interaction effect of treatments on all measured traits revealed the highest amount of seed yield (488.4 gr.m-2), plant height (95.2 cm), spike length (11.4 cm), leaf area index (5.4) and seed protein content (14%) were noted for use of biofertilizer and 75% triple superphosphate + 25% liquid phosphorus and lowest amount of mentioned traits belonged to control treatment.CONCLUSION: Generally apply 75% triple superphosphate + 25% liquid phosphorus treatment resulted in an increase of about 22.5% compared to the control treatments and can be advised to producers in studied region.
Azimi, S. M., A. Farnia, M. Shaban. and M. Lak. 2013a. Effect of different bio-fertilizers on seed yield of barley, Bahman cultivar. Intl. J. Adv. Biol. Biomedical Res. 1(5): 538-546.
Azimi, S. M., E. Nabati, M. Shaban. and M. Lak. 2013b. Effect of N and P bio fertilizers on yield components of barley. Intl. J. Adv. Biol. Biomedical Res. 2(2): 365-370.
Bahamin, S., M. Sohrab, A. B. Mohammad, K. T. Behroz. and A. Qorbanali. 2014. Effect of bio-fertilizer, manure and chemical fertilizer on yield and reproductive characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Intl. J. Res. Agric. Environ. Sci. 3(1): 36-43.
Bremner, J. M. and G. A. Breitenbeck. 1983. A simple method for determination of ammonium in semi micro Kjeldahl analysis of soils and plant materials using a block digester. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 14: 905-913.
Cheraghi, Y., F. A. Mohyedi. and M. Kalhor. 2016. Effects of organic and chemical fertilizers on yield components of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Inst Integrative Omics App. Bio-Tech. J. 7(8): 82-86.
Eidy-Zadeh, Kh., A. Damghani Mahdavi, E. Ebrahimpur. and H. Sabahi. 2012. Effects of amount and method organic fertilizers combined with the chemical fertilizer application on yield and yield components of maize. Electronic J. Crop Prod. 4(3): 35-21. (Abstract in English)
Eidy-Zadeh, Kh., A. Damghani Mahdavi, F. Ebrahimpur. and H. Sabahi. 2012. Effects of amount and method organic fertilizers combined with the chemical fertilizer application on yield and yield components of corn. Electronic J. Crop Prod. 5(3): 35-21.
Hojattipor, E., B. Jafari. and M. Dorostkar. 2014. The effect of integration of biological and chemical fertilizers on yield, yield components and growth indexes of wheat. J. Plant Echophysiol. 5(15): 36-48. (Abstract in English)
Kemal, Y. O. and M. Abera. 2015. Contribution of integrated nutrient management practice for sustainable crop productivity, nutrient uptake and soil nutrient status in Maize based cropping systems. J. Nutr. 2(1): 1-10.
Mohan, S., M. Singh. and R. Kumar. 2015. Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and zinc fertilization on yield and quality of kharif fodder: A review. Agri. Rev. 36(3): 218-226. Moosavi, S. Gh., M. J. Seghatoleslami. and R. Arefi. 2013. Effect of N fertilization and plant density on yield and yield components of grain sorghum under climatic conditions of Sistan, Iran. J. Sci. Agri. 3 (1): 1-8. PSCI Publ.
Nouraki, F., M. AlaviFazel, A. Naderi, E. Panahpoor. and Sh. Lack. 2016. Effects of Integrated Management of Bio and Chemical Fertilizers on Yield of Maize Hybrids (Zea mays L.). J. Exp. Biol. Agric. Sci. 4(4): 421.426.
Ram-Rao, D. M., J. Kodan-Daramaiah, M. P. Reddy, R. S. Katiyar. and V. K. Rahmathulla. 2007. Effect of VAM fungi and bacterial bio-fertilizers on mulberry leaf quality and silk worm cocoon characters under semiarid conditions. Caspian J. Environ. Sci. 5(2): 111-117.
Saghir Khan, M., A. Zaidi. and A. Parvaze Wani. 2007. Role of phosphate-solubilizing micro organisms in sustainable agriculture, A review. Agron. Sustainable Development. Springer Verlag. Sci. 27(1): 29-43.
Seyed Sharifi, R. and H. Nazarli. 2013. Effects of Nitrogen and seed biopriming with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on yield, rate and effective grain filling period of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.). 23(2): 19-36. (Abstract in English)
Shadab Niazi, P., R. Monaem. and A. Azadi. 2017. Effect of vermicompost on yield and forage quality in intercropping of maize and mung. J. Agri. Sci. 9(5): 233-240.
Shamoradi, F. and S. K. Marashi. 2018. Influence of Chemical and Biological Fertilizers on Agro Physiological Characteristics of Corn (Zea mays L., S.C. 703). J. Crop. Nutr. Sci. 4(1): 1-16.
Soleimanzadeh, H. and F. Ghooshchi. 2013. Response of growth and yield of maize to bio-fertilizers in organic and conventional cropping systems. Intl. J. Agri. Crop Sci. 5 (7): 797-801.
Sprent, J. and P. Sprent. 1990. Nitrogen Fixation Organisms. Chapman and Hall. New York. USA. 323p.
Sudhakar, P., G. N. Chattopadhyay, S. K. Gangwar. and J. K. Ghosh. 2000. Effect of foliar application of Azotobacter, Azospirillum and Beijerinckia on leaf yield and quality of mulberry (Morus alba). J. Agric. Sci. 134: 227–234.
Szulc, P. 2013. Effects of soil supplementation with urea and magnesium on nitrogen uptake, and utilization by two different forms of maize (Zea mays L.) differing in senescence rates. Polish J. Environ. Studies. 22: 239-248.
Tarang, E., M. Ramroudi, M. Galavi, M. Dahmardeh. and F. Mohajeri. 2013. Effects of Nitroxin bio-fertilizer with chemical fertilizer on yield and yield components of grain corn. Intl. J. Agri. Sci. 3(5): 400-405.
Vessey, J. K. 2003. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as bio-fertilizers. J. Plant Soil. 255: 571-586.
