بررسی اثرات شاخص های تاب آوری و تدوین راهبردهای موثر بر مبنای پایداری بوم محور(مورد مطالعه: محله فیض آباد شهر کرمانشاه)

الموضوعات :

میرسالار حبیبی ¹ , سیدعلی نوری ² , سیدجمال الدین دریاباری ³

1 - گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر، معماری و شهرسازی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران ، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه معماری، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

تاريخ الإرسال : 07 السبت , جمادى الثانية, 1444 تاريخ التأكيد : 18 الإثنين , شوال, 1444 تاريخ الإصدار : 04 الخميس , ذو الحجة, 1444

الکلمات المفتاحية: شهر کرمانشاه, تاب آوری شهری, محله فیض آباد, پایداری بوم محور, راهبردهای اصلاح تاب آوری,

ملخص المقالة :

شهرها همواره در معرض خطرات و آسیب های جدی هستند که این موضوع اهمیت مدیریت و پیش بینی مخاطرات را بیشتر نشان می دهد. تاب آوری، رویکردی است که می تواند به بهبود مناطق شهری و واکنش آنها در مواجهه با بحران کمک نماید. ارزیابی شهرها از نظر شاخص های مختلف و وضعیت آنها می تواند یک چارچوب مناسب در اختیار مدیران قرار دهد. هدف این تحقیق، بررسی تاثیرات شاخص های تاب آوری و تدوین راهبردهای موثر در راستای اصلاح آنها بر مبنای پایداری بوم محور است. روش تحقیق توصیفی–تحلیلی و مبتنی بر داده های میدانی است. ابزار گردآوری داده ها پرسش نامه است. جامعه آماری را ساکنان محله فیض آباد به تعداد 4830 نفر تشکیل داده اند. بر اساس فرمول کوکران حجم نمونه به تعداد 356 نفر تعیین شد. همچنین برای تدوین راهبرد نیز از 50 کارشناس مرتبط استفاده شد. روایی ساختاری و محتوایی پرسش نامه تایید و همچنین پایایی نیز با آلفای کرونباخ بالای 70/0 تایید شد. نتایج نشان می دهد که بیشترین تاثیرگذاری شاخص ها در بهبود تاب آوری مربوط به شاخص بهداشت محیط با مقدار 95/0 است. همچنین شاخص تعلق اجتماعی توان تبیین 85/0 ، تهدیدات زیست محیطی و مکانی 85/0، زیرساخت اقتصادی 82/0، مشارکت اجتماعی 80/0 و رفاه اقتصادی نیز 78/0 را در زمینه بهبود تاب آوری محله فیض آباد دارد. نتایج نشان داد که 7 راهبرد شامل راهبرد حمایت و تسهیل در رونق بسترهای اقتصادی محله، ارتقاء سرمایه اجتماعی و آموزش، برنامه ریزی توسعه گردشگری محله، بازسازی، توسعه و ایجاد فضاهای کالبدی، تسهیلات نوسازی و طرح های تشویقی، بهداشت محیط محله، اصلاح و بازنگری در تعامل نهادها با مردم، در راستای اصلاح تاب آوری شهری بر مبنای رویکرد بوم محور قابل تاکید است.

المصادر:

• Aghamiri, R., Hosseinzadeh, M.,  Sedaghat, M. (2016): Urban management information system, a case study: Geographic Information System (GIS) of Babolsar city. Journal of Applied Research in Geographical Sciences, 7(5), 215-240.


• Ahmadzadeh Kermani, H.,  Aminzadeh Goharrizi, B. (2019): Evaluation of urban resilience dimensions using the method of the average sum of distances from the optimal limit (9th area of Mashhad), Journal of City identity, 14(4), 23-36.


• Aldrich, D. (2019):  Black wave: how networks and governance shaped Japan’s 3/11. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.


• Aldrich, D., Oum, S., Sawada, Y. (2015): Resilience and Recovery in Asian Disasters; Community Ties, Market Mechanisms, and overnance. Springer Press, New York


• Amiri, F. (2017). Sustainable urban regeneration with a social capital approach (case example: Faizabad neighborhood of Kermanshah), master's thesis in the field of urban planning, faculty of art and architecture, University of Kurdistan.


• Bahrami, S.,  Kharazi, F. (2018): Re-creation of historical contexts with the approach of cultural tourism, a case example: Faizabad neighborhood of Kermanshah, Journal of Geography and Human Relations, 1(4), 125-136.


•  Bakshi, A., Rasouli, H., Rahimi, N. (2022): Investigating the role of urban growth pattern in creating thermal islands in cities (case example: Sari city), urban environment planning and development, 2(6), 77-94.


• Bastani, M.,  Haani, T. (2019): A comparative study of social resilience in line with the goals of urban regeneration (case example: neighborhoods in Iran, the Philippines and Malaysia), Journal of safe city, 3(9), 1-17.


• Bastani, M.,  Haani, T. (2019): A comparative study of social resilience in line with the goals of urban regeneration (case example: neighborhoods in Iran, the Philippines and Malaysia), Journal of safe city, 3(9), 1-17.


• Bavik, Y. L.,Tang, P. M., Shao, R., Lam, L. W.(2018): Ethical leadership and employee knowledge sharing: Exploring dual-mediation paths. The Leadership of Journal, 29(2): 322-332.


• Biswas, R., Jana,A., Arya, K., Ramamritham,K. (2019): A goodgovernance framework for urban management. Journal of Urban Management,8(2),225-236.


• Bouchard, G. (2013): Neoliberalism in Québec: The Response of a Small Nation Under Pressure. In P. A. Hall & M. Lamont (Eds.), Social Resilience in the Neoliberal Era , Cambridge University Press, New York.


• Chen, W., & Zhang, L. (2021): Resilience assessment of regional areas against earthquakes using multi-source information fusion. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 215(2),215-2333.


• Delshad, M.,  Tabibiyan, M.,  Habibi, M. (2021): Analyzing the concept of physical-spatial resilience against earthquakes, introducing and prioritizing its most important criteria using the Fuzzy-AHP model, case studies: the central fabric of Rasht city, Arman Shahr Architecture and Urbanism Journal, 36(2), 205-224.


• Eftekhari Rad, Z.,  Jabari, H. (2002) :  Striving for a new life and recovery of the past, analytical report of the improvement and renovation project of the center of Kermanshah, Faiz-Abad neighborhood, Journal of City identity, 2 (4), 78-91.


• Ghorbani, A., Moharami, R., Nasimi,F., Yaghobi,A. (2017): The necessity of examining Iranian Islamic architectural indicators in the design of modern cities with reference to the history of Iranian architecture, Journal of Architecture, 1(3), 1-9.


• Gonzalez, R.Al., Ferro, R. E., Liberona, D.(2019): Government and governance in ntelligent cities, smart transportation study case in Bogotá Colombia, Journal of Ain Shams Engineering , 11(1), 25-34.


• Hizbaron, D. R.  Baiquni, M. Sartohadi, J., Rijanta, R. (2012): Urban Vulnerability in Bantul District, Indonesia—Towards Safer and Sustainable  Development, Sustainability, 4(1),pp. 2022-2037.


• Holling, C. S. (2007): Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual review of ecology and systematics, 4(1), 1-23.


• Hosseini, A.,  Yadullah Nia, H., Mohammadi, M.,  Shekari, S. (2019): Analysis of social resilience based on social capital indicators in Tehran, Journal of Sustainable City, 3(1), 34-54.


• Kärrholm, M., Nylund, K.., de la Fuente, P.P. (2014): Spatial resilience and urban plann.ing: Addressing the interdependence of urban retail areas, Cities, London, England, 36,121-130.


• Kavoosi, E., Mohammadi, J. (2021): Smart mobility and social sustainability: evaluation of mutual relations (case study: Shiraz city). Applied Research Journal of Geographical Sciences. 21 (61), 279-294.


• Ketabchi, E.,  resaeipour, M. (2017): Urban resilience: presenting a conceptual model of urban planning and management, Journal of Architecture, 1(1), 1-10.


• Kiss, B., Cormick, K., Wamsler,C.  (2020): Resilience through nature-based solutions Governance and implementation. In: The Routledge Handbook of Urban Resilience, Edited by Michael A. Burayidi; Adriana Allen; John Twigg and Christine Wamsler, Routledge, New York.


• Lam, L.M.,  Kuipers,R. (2018): Resilience and Disaster Governance: some insights from the 2015 Nepal Earthquake. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 16(3), 39-56.


• Li, G., Jou,C., Wang,Y., Yang, H.(2020): System dynamics modelling for improving urban resilience in Beijing, China, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 161(4), 76-91.


• Li, Y. (2023): A systematic review of rural resilience. China Agricultural Economic Review, 15(1), 66-77.


• Maleki, S., Rezaei, S. (2019): Investigating and measuring the level of resilience in physical and social dimensions against earthquakes (case study of Izeh city), Geography and Environmental Studies, 8(31), 17-32.


• Mayunga, J. S. (2017): Understanding and applying the concept of community disaster resilience: a capital-based approach. Summer academy for social vulnerability and resilience building, 1(1), 1-16.


• Motamedi M., Rasouli H., Nasiri, M. (2018): Evaluation of citizens' satisfaction with the performance of urban management in the field of urban services, case study: Faruj city. Applied Research Journal of Geographical Sciences, 19 (55), 99-116.


• Movahed, S., Tabibian, M. (2018): Investigating the changes of ecological network and its role in the ecological resilience of Mashhad city. Journal of Environmental Studies, 44(2), 373-394.


• Nabavi Razavi, H.S.,  Habibi, M.,  Tabibiyan, M. (2016): The role of city structure in its resilience against earthquakes, Journal of City identity, 35(12), 29-37.


• Namjoyan. F., Razaviyan, M.T., Sarvar, R. (2016): Urban resilience is a binding framework for the future management of cities, Land Geography, 14(55), 81-95.


• Nikoofam, M., & Mobaraki, A. (2020): Assessment of quality of life in the urban environment; case study: Famagusta, N. Cyprus. Civil Engineering and Architecture, 8(5), 860-872.‏


• Nikpour, A., & Yarahmadi, M. (2021): Identifying and Explaining the Drivers of Physical Resilience (Case Study: Noorabad Mamasani). Physical Sacial Planning, 8(1), 85-98.


• Pakru, N.,  Mousavi, M.S. (2022): Evaluation of urban resilience against earthquakes (case study: one area of Tabriz city), Journal of Applied Research in Geographical Sciences, 23(68), 115-135.


• Pløger, J.(2004): Ethics in Norwegian Planning: Legitimacy, Ambivalence, Rhetoric, Journal of Planning Practice & Research,19(1), 49-66.


• Pourahmad, A.,  Hatem, A. (2022): Evaluating the level of resilience of the historical context of Kerman city against earthquakes and providing strategies for its improvement, Journal of Geography, 20(72), 37-59.


• Pourahmad, A.,  Ziari, K.,  Abdali, Y.,  Alah Qolipour, S. (2018): Analysis of resilience criteria in worn-out urban fabric against earthquakes with an emphasis on physical resilience (Case: District 10 of Tehran Municipality), Urban Research and Planning, 19(36), 1-21.


• Ribeiro, P. J. G., Gonçalves, L. A. P. J. (2019): Urban resilience: A conceptual framework. Sustainable Cities and Society, 50(3),43-62.


• Saeidpour, S., Barzegar, S., Rasouli, M. (2022): Analysis and evaluation of flourishing indicators in urban areas (case study: Shahresqez), Urban Environment Planning and Development, 2(6), 33-48.


• Saja, A.M. A., Goonetilleke, A., Teo, M., Ziyath,A. (2019): A critical review of social resilience assessment frameworks in disaster management. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 35(2),1-18.


• Sajjad, M., Chan, J. C. L., Chopra, S. S.(2021): Rethinking disaster resilience in high-density cities: Towards an urban resilience knowledge system. Sustainable Cities and Society, 69(2),31-49.


• Sarvar, R., Khalaji, M.A. (2020): Urban policy-making in the area of malignant problems of cities, Journal of Urban Environment Planning and Development, 1(1), 1-16.


• Shams, M.,  Malek Hosseini, O. (2002) Investigating the need to build a new city around Kermanshah, Journal of Human Geography, 2 (3), 45-60.


• Sharma, P. (2020):  Opportunities and struggles of decentralized governance reform for urban municipalities in India. World Development Perspectives, 17)1),74-91.


• Sina, D., Chang-Richards, A. Y., Wilkinson, S., & Potangaroa, R. (2019): What does the future hold for relocated communities post-disaster? Factors affecting livelihood resilience. International journal of disaster risk reduction, 34, 173-183.


• Sun, H., Zhen, F., Xie, Z.(2020): Urban resilience assessment based on contradiction between supply and demand of the daily activity–environment system: A case study on Nanjing, China, Science of The Total Environment, 765(1),144-162.


• Tebboth, M. G. L., Conway, D., Adger, W. N. (2019):  Mobility endowment and entitlements mediate resilience in rural livelihood systems. Global Environmental Change, 54(2), 172-183.


• Therrien, M.-C., Usher, S., & Matyas, D., (2020): Enabling strategies and impeding factors to urban resilience implementation: A scoping review. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 28(1), 83-102.


• Tromeur, E.  M´enard, R.  Bailly, J.-B. Souli´e, C. (2012): Urban vulnerability and resilience within the context of climate change, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci, 12(1): 1811–1821.


• Wang, C., Guo, J., Kuo,M.F. (2020): The building of social resilience in Sichuan after the Wenchuan earthquake: A perspective of the sociogovernment interactions. Safety Science, 126(2),26-43.


• Wang,Q., Taylor, JE. (2016): Patterns and Limitations of Urban Human Mobility Resilience under the Influence of Multiple Types of Natural Disaster, 11(2), 218-232.


• Zarghami, S.,  Taymuri, A.,  Mohammadian, H.,  Shamai, A. (2015): Measuring and evaluating the resilience of the urban neighborhoods against the studied earthquake: (central part of Zanjan city), urban research and planning, 7(27), 77-92.


• Ziyari, K.,  Kanuni, R. (2021):  Structural analysis of social resilience in the framework of decent urban governance with a future research approach (case study: Ardabil city), Spatial Planning and Design Journal, 25(3), 60-91.