اثر ایمینواکتادین تریس و سولفور در کنترل بیماری سفیدک پودری خیار (Golovinomyces cichoracearum) در کشت‌های مزرعه
الموضوعات :
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الکلمات المفتاحية: sulfur, ایمینواکتادین تریس, سولفور, جالیز, کاراتان, Iminoctadine Tris, Cucurbit, Karatane,
ملخص المقالة :
اثر قارچ‌کش های ایمینواکتادین تریس (بلکیوت® WP 40%) و سولفور (سولفولاک® WG 80%)در کنترل بیماری سفیدک پودری خیار با عامل Golovinomyces cichoracearum طی سال های 91-1390 در شرایط مزرعه در کرج بررسی شد. تیمارهای آزمایش‌های دوزهای مختلف بلکیوت و سولفولاک به عنوان قارچ کش های هدف و کاراتان (دینوکاپ® EC 35%) و سولفور (تیوویت® WG 80%) به عنوان قارچ‌کش‌های مرجع و تیمار شاهد بدون سم‌پاشی بودند. آزمایش‌ها با نه تیمار و چهار تکرار در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی اجرا شدند. برای هر کرت آزمایشی ده سطح فرضی به طور تصادفی انتخاب و شماره‌گذاری شد. سم‌پاشی کرت‌های آزمایشی با مشاهده اولین علائم بیماری آغاز و با فاصله 5، 7، 10 و 14 روز از هم تکرار گردید. سم‌پاشی تا رسیدن مقدار آلودگی تیمار شاهد به حداکثر آلودگی ممکن در الگوی هورسفال و بارات ادامه یافت. ارزیابی کرت‌های آزمایشی بر اساس شاخص شدت بیماری (DSI) و درصد پوشش بیماری (FPP) با قرار دادن هرکدام از سطوح فرضی در یکی از گروه‌های تعریف شده بر اساس الگوی اصلاح شده هورسفال و بارات قبل از هر سم پاشی و 14 روز بعد از آخرین سم پاشی انجام گرفت. میانگین سطوح فرضی برای هر کرت محاسبه شد. مساحت زیر منحنی پیشرفت بیماری و اثربخشی تیمارها نسبت به شاهد با استفاده از داده های پنج نوبت ارزیابی محاسبه شد. تجزیه واریانس داده‌ها در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی انجام و میانگین‌ها به طریق آزمون چند دامنه ای دانکن مقایسه شدند. تجزیه واریانس مرکب دو سال اختلاف معنی‌داری را بین تیمارها در سطوح 5 و 1درصد نشان داد. مقایسه میانگین‌ها نشان داد که تیمارهای ایمینواکتادین تریس 75/0 و یک کیلوگرم در هکتار بیشترین تاثیر را در کنترل بیماری داشته و توانسته اند بیماری را به ترتیب 46/89 و 74/90 درصد نسبت به شاهد بدون استفاده از قارچ کش کاهش دهند.
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