جداسازی و شناسایی قارچهای بیمارگر موز دراستان سیستان و بلوچستان
الموضوعات :
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الکلمات المفتاحية: سیستان و بلوچستان, قارچ های بیماریزا, موز, Fungal Pathogens, Banana, Sistan & Bluchestan,
ملخص المقالة :
به منظور شناسایی قارچ های بیمارگر ریشه، طوقه، ساقه کاذب، برگ و میوة موز در سال های 86-1384 از موزکاری های مناطق مختلف چابهار و کنارک در استان سیستان و بلوچستان نمونه برداری انجام گرفت. پس از مشاهده علائم ظاهری بیماری، نسبت به کشت، جداسازی و شناسایی آنها اقدام گردید. برای جداسازی عوامل بیماری زای قارچی تعدادی از قطعات آلوده برگ، ریزوم، ساقه کاذب، طوقه، ریشه و میوه پس از شستشو و ضدعفونی سطحی با هیپوکلریت سدیم 5% روی محیط کشت سیبزمینی ـ دکستروز ـ آگار (PDA) حاوی اسید لاکتیک کشت داده شد. جدایه های به دست آمده به روش نوک ریسه (Hyphal tip) و تک اسپور (Single spore) کردن بر روی محیط کشت آب- آگار (WA) 2% خالص شدند. بر اساس خصوصیات ریخت شناسی و آزمون بیماری زایی جدایه های Fuasarium moniliforme, Fuasarium verticillioides, Acremonium sp., Fuasarium subglutinans, Fuasarium sambucinum, Fuasarium semitectum, Aspergillus carnenus, Colletotrichum musae, و Musicillium theobromae به عنوان عوامل بیماری زای میوة موز، قارچ هایCylidrocarpon sp. و Rhizoctonia solani عوامل بیماری زای پوسیدگی ریزوم و ریشه موز و قارچ های Alternaria alternata Drechslera gigantean, و Fuasarium proliferatum به عنوان عوامل بیماری زای برگ در سطح استان شناسایی و معرفی شدند.
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