طراحی و شبیه‌سازی مبدل بسیار افزاینده dc/dc برای خودروهای الکتریکی پیل سوختی
الموضوعات :
ماهر عبدالنبی الوان
1
,
غضنفر شاهقلیان
2
1 - دانشکده مهندسی برق، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خوراسگان، اصفهان، ایران
2 - دانشکده مهندسی برق، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: خازن کلمپ, کلیدزنی در جریان صفر, کلیدزنی در ولتاژ صفر, مبدل بسیار افزاینده,
ملخص المقالة :
مبدل‌های بسیار افزاینده در خودروهای برقی کاربرد وسیعی دارند زیرا استفاده از باطری و پیل سوختی باعث می‌شود که برای درایو موتور الکتریکی سطح ولتاژ افزایش یابد. از مشکلات مبدل‌های افزاینده، افزایش حجم و وزن به علت ترانسفورماتورهای افزاینده است. تاکنون روش‌های متنوع مانند خازن سوییچ شونده، سلف تزویج شده و مدارهای ضرب‌کننده برای حذف ترانسفورماتور و کاهش حجم و وزن مدار استفاده شده است. برای کاهش بیشتر حجم و وزن مدار لازم است تا فرکانس کلیدزنی افزایش یابد و که تنها با استفاده از روش کلیدزنی نرم امکان‌پذیر است. استفاده از سوییچ کمکی برای ایجاد شرایط کلیدزنی نرم در اکثر روش‌ها مرسوم است زیرا عدم استفاده از سوییچ کمکی استرس ولتاژ و جریان به مدار تحمیل می‌کند. در این مقاله یک مبدل بسیار افزاینده با مدار کمکی گذار ولتاژ صفر (ZVT) ارائه شده که شرایط کلیدزنی در ولتاژ صفر برای روشن شدن سوییچ و کلیدزنی در ولتاژ صفر برای خاموش شدن سوییچ فراهم می‌کند. استرس ولتاژ مبدل بسیار پایین است و تمام دیودها به‌صورت کلیدزنی در جریان صفر خاموش می‌شوند و لذا مشکل بازیابی معکوس ندارند. همچنین خازن کلمپ علاوه بر جذب انرژی سلف نشتی به افزایش بهره مبدل کمک می‌کند. مبدل ارائه شده در نرم افزار پی-اسپایس شبیه‌سازی شده است. نتایج شبیه‌سازی با استفاده از یک نمونه اولیه آزمایشگاهی، اثربخشی و امکان‌سنجی مبدل مورد مطالعه و مناسب بودن آن برای وسایل نقلیه الکتریکی پیل سوختی را تأیید می‌کند.
[1] A. Golsorkhi, B. Fani, M. Delshad, H. Saghafi, "A three‐stage multi‐agent‐based peer‐to‐peer method for fault isolation of high distributed generation penetrated distribution networks", IET Renewable Power Generation, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 1255-1266, April 2023, doi: 10.1049/rpg2.12680.
[2] G. Shahgholian, S.M.A. Zanjani, "A study of voltage sag in distribution system and evaluation of the effect of wind farm equipped with doubly-fed induction generator", Revue Roumaine des Sciences Techniques, vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 271-276, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.59277/RRST-EE.2023.3.4.
[3] H. Moradmand-Jazi, E. Adib, B. Fani, "Investigation and improvement of high step- up converters for pv module applications", Journal of Intelligent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 7, no. 28, pp. 35-44, March 2017, dor: 20.1001.1.23223871.1395.7.28.4.9.
[4] R. Ghobadi, G Shahgholian, "Providing improved structure and adaptive control strategy for solar system with the ability to improve power quality in islanded microgrid", Technovations of Electrical Engineering in Green Energy System, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 19-37, March 2024, doi: 10.30486/teeg¬es.202¬3.198¬6388.1073.
[5] H.B. Farahabadi, M.R. Firozjaee, A. Pahnabi, A.M. Mir, R. Youneszadeh, "Fuel cell power system conceptual design for unmanned underwater vehicle", Hydrogen, Fuel Cell and Energy Storage, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 33-50, April 2023, doi: 10.22104/ijhfc.2022.5884.1248.
[6] J.C. Rosas-Caro, J.E. Valdez-Resendiz, J.C. Mayo-Maldonado, V.M. Sanchez, A.R. Lopez-Nuñez, R. Barbosa, L.J. Valdivia, "Fuel-cell energy generation system based on the series-capacitor boost converter", International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 46, no. 51, pp. 26126-26137, July 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.04.086.
[7] M. Tavoosi, B. Fani, E. Adib, "Stability analysis and control of dfig based wind turbine using FBC strategy", Journal of Intelligent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 4, no. 15, pp. 31-42, Dec. 2013, dor: 20.1001.1.23223871.1392.4.15.4.2.
[8] M. Fooladgar, E. Rok-Rok, B. Fani, G. Shahgholian, "Evaluation of the trajectory sensitivity analysis of the DFIG control parameters in response to changes in wind speed and the line impedance connection to the grid DFIG", Journal of Intelligent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 5, no. 20, pp. 37-54, March 2015, dor: 20.1001.1.23223871.1393.5.20.4.9.
[9] M. Zamani, G.H. Riahy, N. Abdolghani, M.H. Zamani, "Utilization of thermal energy storage for reducing battery bank size of hybrid (wind-PV) systems", Proceeding of the IEEE/ICCEP, pp. 709-714, Ischia, Italy, June 2011, doi: 10.1109/ICCEP.2011.6036358.
[10] K. Khani, G. Shahgholian, B. Fani, M. Moazzami, M. Mahdavian, M. Janghorbani, "A comparsion of different structures in wind energy conversion systems", Proceeding of the IEEE/ECTICON, Phuket, Thailand, pp. 58-61, June 2017, doi: 10.1109/ECTICon.2017.8096172.
[11] M. Mirtalaee, R. Amani-Nafchi, "Boost high step-up dc/dc converter with coupled inductors and diode-capacitor Technique", Journal of Intelligent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 10, no. 39, pp. 3-12, Dec. 2019, dor: 20.1001.1.23223871.1398.10.39.1.9.
[12] S. Shabani, M. Delshad, R. Sadeghi, "A soft switched non-isolated high step-up dc-dc converter with low number of auxiliary elements", Journal of Intelligent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 13, no. 51, pp. 123-136, Dec, 2022, dor: 20.1001.1.23223871.1401.13.51.8.1.
[13] D. Taheri, G. Shahgholian, M.M. Mirtalaei, “Analysis, design and implementation of a high step-up multi-port non-isolated converter with coupled inductor and soft switching for photovoltaic applications”, IET Generation, Transmission and Distribution, vol. 16, no. 17, pp. 3473-3497, Sept. 2022, doi: 10.1049/gtd2.12537.
[14] A. Hussein Sachit, B. Fani, M. Delshad, G. Shahgholian, A. Golsorkhi Esfahani, "Analysis and implementation of second-order step-up converter using winding cross coupled inductors for photovoltaic applications", Journal of Solar Energy Research, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 1516-1525, April 2023, doi: 10.22059/jser.2023.357285.1291.
[15] O. Sharifiyana, M. Dehghani, G. Shahgholian, S. Mirtalaee, M. Jabbari, "Overview of dc-dc non-insulated boost converters (Structure and improvement of main parameters)", Journal of Intellig¬ent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 12, no. 48, pp. 1-29, March 2022, dor: 20.10¬01.1.¬2322-3871.1400.12.48.6.6.
[16] A. Kianpour, G. Shahgholian, "A floating-output interleaved boost DC–DC converter with high step-up gain", Automatika, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 18-26, April 2017, doi: 10.1080/00051144.2-017.1305605.
[17] D. Taheri, G. Shahgholian, M.M. Mirtalaei, "The charging circuit of the energy storage system of the multi-input converter with high gain (Design, simulation and laboratory investigation)", Technovations of Electrical Engineering in Green Energy System, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 26-35, Sept. 2023, doi: 10.30486/teeges.2023.1976354.1056.
[18] O. Sharifiyana, M. Dehghani, G. Shahgholian, S.M.M. Mirtalaee, "Presenting a new high gain boost converter with inductive coupling energy recovery snubber for renewable energy systems- simulation, design and construction", Journal of Solar Energy Research, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 1417-1436, April 2023, doi: 10.22059/jser.2023.356571.1283.
[19] O. Sharifiyana, M. Dehghani, G. Shahgholian, S.M.M. Mirtalaei, M. Jabbari, "Non-isolated boost converter with new active snubber structure and energy recovery capability", Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers, vol. 32, no. 5, Article Number: 2350084, March 2023, doi: 10.1142/S021812¬662¬3500846.
[20] G. Haghshenas, S.M.M. Mirtalaei, H. Mordmand, "High step-up boost-flyback converter with soft switching for photovoltaic applications", Journal of Circuits, Systems, and Computers, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 1-16, Jan. 2019, doi: 10.1142/S0218126619500142.
[21] E. Adib, H. Farzanehfard, "Family of zero-current transition PWM converters", IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 8, pp. 3055-3063, Aug. 2008, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2008.922597.
[22] Z. Nejati, F. Sheikholeslam, H. Mahmoodian, "Fuzzy control of polymer fuel cell for attract maximum power", Journal of Intelligent Procedures in Electrical Technology, vol. 4, no. 16, pp. 63-70, Feb. 2014, dor: 20.1001.1.23223871.1392.4.16.7.7.
[23] A.B. Stambouli, E Traversa, "Fuel cells, an alternative to standard sources of energy", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 295-304, Sept. 2002, doi: 10.1016/S1364-0321(-01)0¬0¬0¬15-6.
[24] H. Wang, A. Gaillard, D. Hissel, "A review of dc/dc converter-based electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for fuel cell electric vehicles", Renewable Energy, vol, 141, pp. 124-138, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.03.130.
[25] R. Venkatasatish, C. Dhanamjayulu, "Reinforcement learning based energy management systems and hydrogen refueling stations for fuel cell electric vehicles: An overview", International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 47, no. 64, pp. 27646-27670, July 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhyden¬e.20¬22.0-6.088.
[26] T. Jarin, S. Akkara, S.S.S. Mole, A. Manivannan, A.I. Selvakumar, "Fuel vehicle improvement using high voltage gain in DC-DC boost converter", Renewable Energy Focus, vol. 43, pp. 228-238, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.ref.2022.09.008.
[27] N. Elsayad, H. Moradisizkoohi, O. Mohammed, "A new sepic-based step-up DC-DC converter with wide conversion ratio for fuel cell vehicles: Analysis and design", IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 68, no. 8, pp. 6390-6400, Aug. 2021, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2020.3007110.
[28] A. Rajabi, F.M. Shahir, R. Sedaghati, "New unidirectional step-up DC-DC converter for fuel-cell vehicle: Design and implementation", Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 212, Article Number: 108653, Nov. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2022.108653.
[29] H. Bagherian-Farahabadi, M. Kojoury-Naftchali, A. Pahnabi, "High step-up converter with low voltage stress for fuel cell applications", Hydrogen, Fuel Cell and Energy Storage, vol. 9, no. 2m pp. 117-132, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.22104/ijhfc.2022.5869.1247.
[30] S. Chen, S. Zuo, Z. Wu, C. Liu, "Comprehensive vibro-acoustic characteristics and mathematical modeling of electric high-speed centrifugal compressor surge for fuel cell vehicles at various compressor speeds", Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, vol. 178, Article Number: 109311, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.ymssp.2022.109311.
[31] A. Rajabi, F.M. Shahir, R. Sedaghati, "Output voltage improvement of fuel cell electric vehicles based on a novel high step-up dc-dc converter", AEU- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, vol. 162, Article Number: 154574, April 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.aeue.2023.154574.
[32] S. Naresh, S. Peddapati, M.L. Alghaythi, "A novel high quadratic gain boost converter for fuel cell electric vehicle applications", IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Industrial Electronics, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 637-647, April 2023, doi: 10.1109/JESTIE.2023.3248449.
[33] M. Kapetanović, A. Núñez, N. Oort, R.M.P. Goverde, "Energy model of a fuel cell hybrid-electric regional train in passenger transport service and vehicle-to-grid applications", Journal of Rail Transport Planning and Management, vol. 28, Article Number: 100415, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.jrtpm.2023.100415.
[34] S, Farhani, A, N'Diaye, A, Djerdir, F, Bacha, "Design and practical study of three phase interleaved boost converter for fuel cell electric vehicle", Journal of Power Sources, vol. 479, Article Number: 228815, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228815.
[35] M. Dhimish, N. Schofield, "Single-switch boost-buck DC-DC converter for industrial fuel cell and photovoltaics applications", International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 1241-1255, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.10.097.
[36] V.F. Pires, A. Cordeiro, D. Foito, J.F. Silva, "High step-up DC–DC converter for fuel cell vehicles based on merged quadratic boost–ćuk", IEEE Trans. on Vehicular Technology, vol. 68, no. 8, pp. 7521-7530, Aug. 2019, doi: 10.1109/TVT.2019.2921851.
[37] R.R. Ahrabi, H. Ardi, M. Elmi, A. Ajami, "A novel step-up multiinput DC–DC converter for hybrid electric vehicles application", IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 3549-3561, May 2017, doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2016.2585044.
[38] R. Saadi, M.Y. Hammoudi, O. Kraa, M.Y. Ayad, M. Bahri, "A robust control of a 4-leg floating interleaved boost converter for fuel cell electric vehicle application", Mathematics and Computers in Simulation, vol. 167, pp. 32-47, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.matcom.2019.09.014.
[39] E.M. Barhoumi, S. Farhani, F. Bacha, "High efficiency power electronic converter for fuel cell system application", Ain Shams Engineering Journal, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 2655-2664, Sept. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.asej.2021.01.010.
