طراحی و اعتبارسنجی چارچوب برنامه درسی آموزش کاهش خطرپذیری از بلایای طبیعی برای دورة ابتدایی
الموضوعات : پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
1 - کارشناسی ارشد، برنامه‌ریزی درسی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، شیراز، ایران.
2 - استادیار، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، شیراز، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: بلایای طبیعی, اعتبارسنجی, دورة ابتدایی, برنامه درسی,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف پژوهش طراحی و اعتبارسنجی چارچوب برنامه درسی آموزش کاهش خطرپذیری از بلایای طبیعی برای دورة ابتدایی بود. این پژوهش جزء تحقیقات ترکیبی از نوع اکتشافی-متوالی است. در بخش کیفی 12 نفر از متخصصان و اساتید پژوهشکدة زلزله‌شناسی و دانشگاه‌های کشور و متخصصان مدیریت بحران با روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و با تکنیک گلوله برفی انتخاب شدند. در این بخش از روش مصاحبه، بررسی پیشینه و مطالعه منابع، متون و اسناد بالادستی برای دستیابی به مفاهیم، عبارات و واژه‌های کلیدی مرتبط با چارچوب مذکور استفاده گردید و داده‌های کیفی اولیه حاصل شد. با روش تحلیل مضمون، داده‌های کیفی تحلیل شد و چارچوب اولیه شکل گرفت. برای اعتباریابی چارچوب اولیه از معیارهای اعتبار سنجی کیفی استفاده شد. در بخش کمی، جامعة آماری شامل متخصصان دانشگاهی در حوزة مطالعات برنامه درسی و معلمان دورة ابتدایی بودند؛ که تعداد 20 نفر از متخصصان دانشگاهی در رشتة برنامه‌ریزی درسی و 110 نفر از معلمان دورة ابتدایی از بین تمامی معلمان دورة ابتدایی منطقه سرچهان (400 نفر) با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. برای جمع‌آوری داده‌های کمی از پرسشنامه محقق ساخته استفاده شد. برای سنجش روایی پرسشنامه از روش‌های روایی صوری و محتوایی و تحلیل عامل و برای محاسبة پایایی از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شد. نتایج تحلیل عامل نشان داد که روش‌های تدریس با بار عاملی 96/0، محتوا و هدف 94/0، روش‌های ارزشیابی 93/0، مواد و منابع 97/0 و منطق و چرایی با بار عاملی 93/0 به ترتیب تبیین‌کنندة چارچوب برنامه درسی آموزش کاهش خطرپذیری از بلایای طبیعی در دورة ابتدایی هستند؛ و همچنین ضریب آلفای کرونباخ بالای 90/0 بیان‌کنندة پایایی قابل‌قبول عناصر برنامه درسی بود؛ بنابراین اعتبار چارچوب نهایی برنامه درسی مورد تأیید قرار گرفت.
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