تشخیص افتراقی کارکردهای اجرایی در کودکان پسر 8 تا 11 ساله مبتلا به اختلال نارسایی توجه/ بیش¬فعالی و اختلال ضرب¬آهنگ شناختی کند
الموضوعات :خوشدوی ابراهیم زاده 1 , فرهاد غدیری 2 , رویا زارع 3 , مهرنوش جوائزی شیشوان 4
1 - دکتری روانشناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.
2 - دکتری روانشناسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.
3 - دکتری روانشناسی، گروه روانشناسی، واحد اردبیل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اردبیل، ایران.
4 - کارشناس ارشد روانشناسی عمومی، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، ارومیه، ايران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: اختلال نارسایی¬توجه/ بیش¬فعالی, ضرب¬آهنگ شناختی کند, کارکردهای اجرایی, کودکان پسر 8 تا 11 ساله.,
ملخص المقالة :
کارکردهای اجرایی یکی از عوامل مهم در تمایز اختلال نارسایی توجه/ بیشفعالی و اختلال ضربآهنگ شناختی کند است. از این رو هدف از این پژوهش تشخیص افتراقی در کودکان پسر 8 تا 11 ساله مبتلا به اختلال نارسایی توجه/ بیشفعالی و اختلال ضربآهنگ شناختی کند با تمرکز بر کارکردهای اجرایی بود. روش پژوهش توصیفی از نوع علّی مقایسهای و جامعه آماری شامل کلیه دانشآموزان پسر 8 تا 11 ساله مبتلا به ضربآهنگ شناختی کند و نارسایی توجه/ فزونکنشی شهر ارومیه در سال 1400بود. حجم نمونه آماری، 100 نفر (50 نفر مبتلا به ضرباهنگ شناختی کند و 50 نفر مبتلا به اختلال نارسایی توجه/ بیشفعالی) از جامعه آماری مذکور بود که به شیوه نمونهگیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. در این پژوهش، برای جمعآوری دادهها از پرسشنامههای درجهبندی رفتار کودکان (Swanson et al., 1980)، ضربآهنگ شناختی کند (Penny et al., 2009) و کنشهای اجرایی کودکان و نوجوانان (Barclay, 2012) استفاده شد. جهت تحلیل دادهها از آزمون تحلیل واریانس چند متغیری از طريق نرمافزارSPSS نسخه26 استفاده شد. نتايج پژوهش نشان داد كه از نظر بازداری پاسخ، خودانگیختگی و خودتنظیمی هیجان بین کودکان مبتلا به اختلال نارسایی توجه/ بیشفعالی و کودکان مبتلا به اختلال ضربآهنگ شناختی کند تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (01/0P<)، اما در کارکرد حل مسئله و مدیریت زمان بین دو گروه تفاوت معناداری مشاهده نشد (01/0P>). با توجه به مشکلات کارکردهای اجرایی در کودکان دارای اختلال ضربآهنگ شناختی کند و اختلال نارسایی توجه/ بیش فعالی پیشنهاد میشود درمانگران مداخلاتی را برای تقویت کارکردهای اجرایی در این دو گروه از کودکان در نظر بگیرند تا در عملکرد اجتماعی و تحصیلی آنها بهبود حاصل شود.
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