مقایسۀ زیرمقیاس‌های درک هیجان و تنظیم هیجان در کودکان پیش‌دبستانی دارا و فاقد همشیر

الموضوعات :

سیده ضحی سکاکی ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران)
محمدعلی مظاهری تهرانی ² (استاد گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.)
سعید قنبری ³ (کاندیدای دکتری گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.)
سوده آقامحمدی ⁴ (استادیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.)

تاريخ الإرسال : 18 الإثنين , رجب, 1440 تاريخ التأكيد : 29 الإثنين , صفر, 1441 تاريخ الإصدار : 15 الإثنين , محرم, 1443

الکلمات المفتاحية: کودکان پیش‌دبستانی, همشیر, درک هیجان, تنظیم هیجان,

ملخص المقالة :

هدف این پژوهش مقایسۀ درک هیجان و تنظیم هیجان در کودکان پیش دبستانی دارا و فاقد همشیر بود. طرح پژوهش، توصیفی از نوع علّی- مقایسه ای و جامعۀ آماری کودکان 4 تا 6 سال در مهدکودک های شهر تهران در سال 1396 بود. با روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای چند مرحله ای، 60 کودک انتخاب و بر اساس سن و جنس همتاسازی شدند. ابزار این پژوهش شامل آزمون تطبیق هیجان (Izard, Haskins, Schultz, Trentacosta & King, 2003) تکلیف بیان علت هیجان (Wang, Hutt, Kulkofsky, McDermott & Wei, 2006) و چک لیست تنظیم هیجان (Shields & Cicchetti, 1997) بود. یافته ها با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل واریانس یک‌راهه مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد کودکان دارای همشیر در نمرۀ کل درک هیجان و زیرمقیاس های دانش موقعیت هیجان، دانش بیانی هیجان و دانش دریافتی هیجان به طور معنادار نمرۀ بالاتری گرفته اند (05/0 < p). همچنین در زیرمقیاس بی ثباتی/منفی گرایی از چک لیست تنظیم هیجان به طور معنادار نمرۀ پایین تری گرفته اند (05/0 < p) که دلالت بر واکنش های هیجانی متعادل تر دارد. یافته های این پژوهش نشان می دهد برخوردارد بودن از همشیر در سال های پیش‌دبستانی، موقعیت منحصر به فردی را برای ارتقای شایستگی های هیجانی کودکان فراهم می کند.

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