رابطه نیازهای روانی-اجتماعی با عملکرد شغلی در کارکنان صنایع خودروسازی ایران: نقش تعدیل‌کنندگی سطح خلق

الموضوعات :

مرضیه پوستی ¹ (دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد ، گروه روانشناسی صنعتی و سازمانی ،دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان(خوراسگان) واحد الکترونیکی ،اصفهان،ایران)
هادی فرهادی ² (استادیار گروه روانشناسی ،دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان،ایران)

تاريخ الإرسال : 22 الأربعاء , ذو الحجة, 1441 تاريخ التأكيد : 27 السبت , ربيع الثاني, 1442 تاريخ الإصدار : 25 الثلاثاء , محرم, 1444

الکلمات المفتاحية: خلق منفی, کارکنان صنایع خودروسازی, نیازهای روانی-اجتماعی, خلق مثبت, عملکرد شغلی,

ملخص المقالة :

این پژوهش باهدف بررسی رابطه نیازهای روانی-اجتماعی با عملکرد شغلی و نقش تعدیل‌کنندگی خلق در کارکنان صنایع خودروسازی تهران انجام شد. پژوهش از نوع کمی و همبستگی بوده ،جامعه پژوهش شامل کلیه کارکنان نوبت کار ، سه شرکت خودروسازی بود،که 1290نفربودند و660 نفر به روش تصادفی نظام مند انتخاب شده وبعد از تکمیل پرسشنامه ها ،تعداد 437 پرسشنامه به طور کامل تکمیل شده بود.در این پژوهش از سه پرسشنامه ،عاطفه مثبت و منفی (Watson,Clark&Telgen, 1997)، عوامل روانی- اجتماعی محیط کار در راهنمای جامع ارزیابی محیط کار ایران(سال 1390)و عملکردشغلی (Herci & Goldsmith ,1980)استفاده شد. داده‌ها توسط همبستگی پیرسون وتحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه سلسله مراتبی، مورد تجزیه وتحلیل قرارگرفت نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان. داد، نیازهای روانی-اجتماعی با عملکرد شغلی رابطه داردو رابطه مثبت بین خلق مثبت و عملکرد شغلی و رابطه منفی بین خلق منفی و عملکرد شغلی وجوددارد (001/0> p).همچنین ، خلق مثبت ومنفی در رابطه بین نیازهای روانی-اجتماعی و عملکرد شغلی، نقش تعدیل‌کنندگی دارند( 00/0= p). در نتیجه ،اگرچه پرداختن به ارضای نیازهای روانی-اجتماعی می‌تواند به عملکرد شغلی بالا در میان کارکنان منجر شود، اهمیت دادن به مسائل عاطفی و ایجاد خلق مثبت بالا و فقدان خلق منفی در ایجاد افزایش عملکرد شغلی بسیارحائزاهمیت،است.

المصادر:

Alderfer, Clayton P. (1972). Existence, relatedness, and growth: Human needs in organizational settings.

Ashkanasy, Neal M, Härtel, Charmine EJ, & Daus, Catherine S. (2002). Diversity and emotion: The new frontiers in organizational behavior research. Journal of management, 28(3), 307-338.

Bishoff, John D, Hochwarter, Wayne A, & Ferris, Gerald R. (2016). Enactment and the relationship between incivility and job satisfaction, OCB, and turnover intent. Paper presented at the Academy of Management Proceedings.

Bliese, Paul D, Edwards, Jeffrey R, & Sonnentag, Sabine. (2017). Stress and well-being at work: A century of empirical trends reflecting theoretical and societal influences. Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(3), 389.

Center, Occupational Health and Work. (2012). a guide to ergonomic work assessment Tehran University of Medical Science: Environmental Research Institute of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.[persian]

Danially, M., Allameh, SM., & Mansouri, H. (2013). Investigation and identification of factors affecting human resource productivity and prioritization among the staff of Islamic Azad university, izeh branch. . Islamic Azad University of Tabriz Branch, 7(4), 51-80.[persian]

Diener, Ed, & Emmons, Robert A. (1984). The independence of positive and negative affect. Journal of personality and social psychology, 47(5), 1105.

Golparvar, M., Javadian, Zahra, Adibi, Zahra, Mosahebi, Mohhamad Reza, & Ahmadi, Akram. (2013). The Relationship between Job Stress with Turnover and Task Performance with Consider the Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction. Iran Occupational Health Journal, 10(1), 33-42.[persian]

Golparvar, M., & Karami, M. (2011). The relationship between trait positive and negative affect with injustice and employees' destructive behaviors. Psychological Studies, 7(3), 97-130[Persian]. doi: 10.22051/psy.2011.1544[persian]

Hackman, J Richard, & Oldham, Greg R. (1975). Development of the job diagnostic survey. Journal of Applied psychology, 60(2), 159.

Hashemi, T, Andalib Kouraeim, M, Pouresmali, A, & Salehi Heydarabad, M. (2011). Effect of inducing mood on cognitive and behavioral performance. Education Strategies in Medical Sciences, 4(3), 101-105[persian].

Hashemi. F., Hamedi. M., & R., Egbali. (2016). Impact of physical characteristics of work on employee performance. Journal of Human Resource Management Reseeach, 28(2), 69-92 [Persian].

Hersey, Paul, & Goldsmith, Marshall. (1980). A situational approach to performance planning. Training and Development Journal, 34(11), 38-+.

ILO, ILO. (2016). Workplace Stress: A Collective Challenge: Labour Administration, Labour Inspection and Occupational Safety and Health ….

Johnson, Wendy, & Krueger, Robert F. (2006). How money buys happiness: genetic and environmental processes linking finances and life satisfaction. Journal of personality and social psychology, 90(4), 680.

Jordan, Peter J, Lawrence, Sandra A, & Troth, Ashlea C. (2006). The impact of negative mood on team performance. Journal of Management & Organization, 12(2), 131-145.

Karasek, Robert. (1998). Demand/Control model: A social-emotional, and psychological approach to stress risk and active behavior development ILO encyclopedia of occupational health and safety: ILO.

Khodai, R., Bazzazian, S.., & Jafari, A. (2016.). The Effectiveness of Interactive Communication Analysis Training on Positive and Negative Self-Concepts and Emotions of Women. Women and Family Studies, 3(2), 185-203.

Krejcie, RV, & Morgan, DW. (2018). Sample Size Determination Table.

Kristensen, Tage S, Hannerz, Harald, Hogh, Annie, & Borg, Vilhelm. (2005). The Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire-a tool for the assessment and improvement of the psychosocial work environment. Scandinavian journal of work environment and health, 31(6), 438-449.

Leka, Stavroula, Griffiths, Amanda, & Cox, Tom. (2003). Work Organization and Stress. Protecting Workers' Health Series, No. 3. WHO Library Cataloguing.

Liew, Tze Wei, & Tan, Su-Mae. (2016). The effects of positive and negative mood on cognition and motivation in multimedia learning environment. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 19(2), 104-115.

Maslow, Abraham Harold. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological review, 50(4), 370.

Milczarek, M, Brun, Emmanuelle, Houtman, I, Goudswaard, A, Evers, M, Bovenkamp, M, . . . Berthet, M. (2007). Expert forecast on emerging psychosocial risks related to occupational safety and health.

Pallant, Julie. (2013). SPSS survival manual: McGraw-Hill Education (UK).

Perrewé, Pamela L, & Spector, Paul E. (2002). Personality research in the organizational sciences Research in personnel and human resources management (pp. 1-63): Emerald Group Publishing Limited.

Pressman, Sarah D, & Cohen, Sheldon. (2005). Does positive affect influence health? Psychological bulletin, 131(6), 925.

Schwarz, Norbert, & Clore, Gerald L. (2003). Mood as information: 20 years later. Psychological inquiry, 14(3-4), 296-303.

Sharifi, Asl Z, Chabok, A, Hatamizadeh, N, & Reza, Soltani P. (2012). Relationship between organizational commitment and productivity of psycho-rehabilitation team members: Razi Medical and Educational Psychiatry Center Modern Care Journal, 9(2), 129-136. [persian]

Sonnentag, S., Volmer, J., & Spychala, A. (2008). Job performance. In J. Barling & C. L. Cooper (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of organizational behavior (Vol. 1, pp. 427-448). London: SAGE Publications Ltd doi: 10.4135/9781849200448.n24.

Steers, Richard M, & Sánchez‐Runde, Carlos J. (2017). Culture, motivation, and work behavior. The Blackwell Handbook of Cross‐Cultural Management, 190-216.

Storbeck, Justin, & Maswood, Raeya. (2016). Happiness increases verbal and spatial working memory capacity where sadness does not: Emotion, working memory and executive control. Cognition and Emotion, 30(5), 925-938.

Thompson, Edmund R. (2007). Development and validation of an internationally reliable short-form of the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS). Journal of cross-cultural psychology, 38(2), 227-242.

Tsaousis, Ioannis. (2010). Circadian preferences and personality traits: A meta‐analysis. European Journal of Personality: Published for the European Association of Personality Psychology, 24(4), 356-373.

van den Berg, Tilja IJ, Alavinia, Seyed Mahammad, Bredt, Folef J, Lindeboom, Dennis, Elders, Leo AM, & Burdorf, Alex. (2008). The influence of psychosocial factors at work and life style on health and work ability among professional workers. International archives of occupational and environmental health, 81(8), 1029-1036.

Viswesvaran, Chockalingam, & Ones, Deniz S. (2017). Job performance: Assessment issues in personnel selection. The Blackwell handbook of personnel selection, 354-375.

Watson, David, & Clark, Lee Anna. (1997). Extraversion and its positive emotional core Handbook of personality psychology (pp. 767-793): Elsevier.

Watson, David, Clark, Lee Anna, & Tellegen, Auke. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. Journal of personality and social psychology, 54(6), 1063.

Weiss, H. M., & Cropanzano, R. . (1996). Affective Events Theory: A theoretical discussion of the structure, causes and consequences of affective experiences at work. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior: An annual series of analytical essays and critical reviews (Vol. 18, pp. 1–74). Elsevier Science: JAI Press.