Tolerance Geometrical Interference Analysis of Specific Movement Mechanism Under Thermal Strain
الموضوعات :Ali Lashkari Zadeh 1 , Seyed Yousef Ahmadi-Brooghani 2 , Mojtaba Sheikhi Azqandi 3
1 - Department of Mechanical Engineering,University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
2 - Department of Mechanical Engineering,University of Birjand, Iran
3 - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
الکلمات المفتاحية: Geometric Interference Analysis, Mechanism, Operating Temperature Range, Operational Tolerance, Tolerance Analysis,
ملخص المقالة :
In sensitive mechanisms, achieving the required accuracy of the final parts at the most suitable price is a complex process. The tolerance design process is essential in design and manufacturing to achieve a quality and low-cost product. Allocation of appropriate tolerances is always time-consuming and challenging, especially for complex products, as it involves many aspects of design, manufacturing, and quality issues. In this research, a program has been written in MATLAB, in which by only one geometry model, all possible interferences of assembled parts for all tolerances and nominal sizes in different production modes have been investigated. By using this program, it is possible to add or reduce applied tolerances to nominal sizes and check the interference of parts for all tolerances. Also, temperature effects must be considered when designing a product that operates in a wide temperature range. This approach could ensure that the values of the output parameters of the mechanism remain stable with various temperature changes. The considered case study is particular clock whose structural parameter tolerances often significantly affect the accuracy of the timing output of the entire movement of the mechanism in the program; the tolerance of the parts of the delay clock mechanism has been studied. By analysing the tolerance of geometric non-interference and considering the strain of the parts due to the operating temperature of the mechanism, 24% of the examined sizes should be reduced to avoid interference and the tolerance of the axis position of the clock should be reduced to ±0.01.
[1] Wu, F., Dantan, J. Y., Etienne, A., Siadat, A., and Martin P., Improved Algorithm for Tolerance Allocation Based on Monte Carlo Simulation and Discrete Optimization, Computers & Industrial Engineering, Vol. 56, No.4, 2009, pp. 1402-1413.
[2] Dantan, J. Y., Qureshi, A. J., Worst-Case and Statistical Tolerance Analysis Based on Quantified Constraint Satisfaction Problems and Monte Carlo Simulation, Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 41, No. 1, 2009, pp. 1-12.
[3] Sheikhi Azqandi, M., Hassanzadeh, M., first-and Second-Order Sensitivity Analysis of Finite Element Models using Extended Complex Variables Method, Archive of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 91, 2021, pp. 4263-4277.
[4] Sheikhi Azqandi, M., Hassanzadeh, M., and Arjmand, M., Calculation of Design Shape Sensitivity in Solid Mechanics Through a Novel Hybrid Method using CVM and DSM, Journal of Stress Analysis, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2020, pp. 11-20.
[5] Doltsinis, I., Kang, Z., Robust Design of Structures Using Optimization Methods, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. 193, No. 23, 2004, pp. 2221-2237.
[6] Zang, C., Friswell, M., and Mottershead, J., A Review of Robust Optimal Design and Its Application in Dynamics, Computers and structures, Vol. 83, No. 4-5, 2005, pp. 315-326.
[7] Huang, X., Zhang, Y., Robust Tolerance Design for Function Generation Mechanisms with Joint Clearances, Mechanism and machine theory, Vol. 45, No. 9, 2010, pp. 1286-1297.
[8] Zhou, K., Cai, Y., Zhang Z. J., and LI, X. Y., Application of the Theory of Robust Design in Tolerance Analysis, Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology, Vol. 23, 2003, pp. 557-560.
[9] Shao, N., Ding, X., Liu, J., Tolerance Analysis of Spur Gears Based on Skin Model and Boundary Element Method, Mechanism and Machine Theory. Vol. 144, 2020, pp. 103658.
[10] Geetha, K., Ravindran, D., Kumar, M. S., and Islam, M. N., Concurrent Tolerance Allocation and Scheduling for Complex Assemblies, Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 35, 2015, pp. 84-95.
[11] Shoukr, D. S. L., Gadallah, M. H., and Metwalli, S. M., The Reduced Tolerance Allocation Problem, ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Phoenix, IMECE2016-65848, V011T15A023, Arizona, USA, 2016.
[12] Khodaygan, S., Meta-Model Based Multi-Objective Optimization Method for Computer-Aided Tolerance Design of Compliant Assemblies, International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 32, No. 1, 2018, pp. 27-42.
[13] Delos, V., Arroyave-Tobón, S., and Teissandier, D., Introducing a Projection-Based Method to Compare Three Approaches to Computing the Accumulation of Geometric Variations, In 38th International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Quebec City, Canada, 2018.
[14] Lin, E. E., Zhang H. C., Theoretical Tolerance Stack Up Analysis Based on Tolerance Zone Analysis, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 17, No. 4, 2001, pp. 257-262.
[15] Wang, Y., Closed-loop analysis in semantic tolerance modeling, Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 130 No.6, pp. 061701-061711. 2008.
[16] Geis, A., Husung, S., Oberänder, A., Weber, C., and Adam, J., Use of Vectorial Tolerances for Direct Representation and Analysis in CAD-Systems, Procedia Cirp, Vol. 27, 2015, pp. 230-240.
[17] Heling, B., Aschenbrenner, A., Walter, M., and Wartzack, S., On Connected Tolerances in Statistical Tolerance-Cost-Optimization of Assemblies with Interrelated Dimension Chains, Procedia Cirp, Vol. 43, 2016, pp. 262-267.
[18] Kopardekar, P., Anand, S., Tolerance Allocation Using Neural Networks, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 10, No. 4, 1995, pp. 269-276.
[19] Luo, C., Franciosa, P., Ceglarek, D., Ni, Z., and Jia, F., A Novel Geometric Tolerance Modeling Inspired by Parametric Space Envelope, IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, Vol. 15, No. 3, 2018, pp. 1386-1398.
[20] Samper, S., Formosa, F., Form Defects Tolerancing by Natural Modes Analysis, Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2007, pp. 44-51.
[21] Homri, L., Goka, E., Levasseur, G., and Dantan, J.-Y., Tolerance Analysis—Form Defects Modeling and Simulation by Modal Decomposition and Optimization, Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 91, 2017, pp. 46-59.
[22] Lin, E. E., Graph-Matrix-Based Automated Tolerance Analysis and Setup Planning in Computer-Aided Process Planning, Ph.D. Dissertation, Industrial Engineering, Texas Tech University, 2000.
[23] Zhang, K., Li, Y., and Tang, S., An Integrated Modeling Method of Unified Tolerance Representation for The Mechanical Product, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 46, No. 1, 2010, pp. 217-226.
[24] Schleich, B., Wartzack, S., Anwer, N., and Mathieu, L., Skin Model Shapes: Offering New Potentials for Modeling Product Shape Variability, In 35th Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, 2015.
[25] Schleich, B., Anwer, N., Mathieu, L., and Wartzack, S., Skin Model Shapes: A New Paradigm Shifts for Geometric Variations Modeling in Mechanical Engineering, Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 50, 2014, pp. 1-15.
[26] Yacob, F., Semere, D., and Nordgren, E., Octree-Based Generation and Variation Analysis of Skin Model Shapes, Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing, Vol. 2, No. 3, 2018, pp. 52-73.
[27] Yan, X., Ballu, A., Generation of Consistent Skin Model Shape Based on FEA Method, The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 92, No. 1, 2017, pp. 789-802.
[28] Schleich, B., Anwer, N., Mathieu, L., and Wartzack, S., Contact and Mobility Simulation for Mechanical Assemblies Based on Skin Model Shapes, Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering, Vol. 15, No. 2, 2015, pp. 021009-021009-7.
[29] Dantan, J. Y., Comparison of Skin Model representations and Tooth Contact Analysis Techniques for Gear tolerance analysis, Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering, Vol. 15, No. 2, 2015, pp. 021009-7.
[30] Yan, X., Assembly Simulation and Evaluation Based on Generation of The Virtual Work Piece with Form Defect, Ph.D. Dissertation, Mechanical Engineering, Bordeaux, France, 2018.
[31] Faraji, F., Abbasi, K., Experimental Study of the Effect of Conventional Manufacturing Geometric Deviation in the Fitted Cylindrical Joint on its Strength, Karafan Quarterly Scientific Journal, Vol. 19, No. 1, 2022, pp. 107-123.
[32] Ghodsbin, J. A., Hatami, H., Numerical Behaviour Study of Expanded Metal Tube Absorbers and Effect of Cross Section Size and Multi-Layer Under Low Axial Velocity Impact Loading, Amirkabir Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 49, No. 4, 2018, pp. 245-248.
[33] Hatami, H., Fathollahi, A. B., The Theoretical and Numerical Comparison and Investigation of The Effect of Inertia on The Absorbent Collapse Behavior of Single Cell and Two-Cell Reticular Under Impact Loading, International Journal of Impact Engineering, Vol. 109, 2017, pp. 224-239.
[34] Hassanzadeh, M., Mazare, M., Computation of Design Sensitivities in Steady-State Incompressible Laminar Flows Based Oon New Semi-Analytical Method, Journal of Scientific Computing, Vol. 83, No. 12, 2020.
[35] Sheikhi Azqandi, M., Hassanzadeh, M., and Arjmand, M., Sensitivity Analysis Based on Complex Variables in FEM for Linear Structures, Advances in Computational Design, Vol. 4, No. 1, 2019, pp. 15-32.
