ارزیابی صفات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی در گیاهچه‌‌‌های چهار رقم زودرس و دیررس سیب‌‌‌زمینی در شرایط درون شیشه‌‌‌ای
الموضوعات :
فرح فراهانی
1
,
ملیحه طالبی
2
,
طاهر برزگر
3
1 - دانشیار، گروه میکروبیولوژی، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران
2 - کارشناسی ارشد، گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
3 - دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.
تاريخ الإرسال : 22 الإثنين , ذو الحجة, 1444
تاريخ التأكيد : 28 الأحد , ذو الحجة, 1444
تاريخ الإصدار : 01 الجمعة , شوال, 1444
الکلمات المفتاحية:
شرایط درون شیشه‌‌‌ای,
صفات بیوشیمیایی,
صفات مورفولوژیکی,
محیط کشت MS,
کلروفیل,
کاتالاز,
کاروتنوئید,
آنتوسیانین,
سیب‌‌‌زمینی,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف: با توجه به اهمیت سیب‌‌‌زمینی در اقتصاد و تغذیه انسان، نیاز به تولید بذرهای سالم از طریق کشت بافت جهت بالا بردن کیفیت غده و در نهایت حفظ عملکرد محصول، محسوس می‌باشد. در این راستا، هدف پژوهش حاضر ارزیابی صفات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی در گیاهچه‌‌‌های چهار رقم زودرس و دیررس سیب‌‌‌زمینی در شرایط درون شیشه‌‌‌ای است.مواد و روش‌‌ها: چهار رقم تجاری سیب‌‌‌زمینی به صورت ریز نمونه‌های تک‌گره، در محیط کشت MS فاقد هرگونه مواد تنظیم‌کننده رشد گیاهی، کشت داده شد. گیاهچه‌ها پس از 5 هفته رشد کردند. گیاهچه‌ها از نظر صفات مورفولوژیکی (تعداد گیاهچه‌‌‌های تولید شده از یک گیاهچه، طول ساقه، تعداد انشعابات، گره، ریشه و ریزغده) و همچنین صفات بیوشیمیایی (محتوای کلروفیل a، b، کاروتنوئید، آنتوسیانین، فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز و فعالیت آنزیم پلی فنل اکسیداز) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند.یافته‌‌ها: در صفات مورفولوژیکی، رقم دیررس ساتینا، تعداد گیاهچه و طول ساقه، و رقم زودرس سانته، تعداد ریشه بیشتری را نسبت به سایر ارقام نشان دادند. در بررسی صفات بیوشیمیایی، رقم دیررس آگریا از نظر مقدار رنگیزه‌ها و آنزیم کاتالاز، نسبت به سایر ارقام برتر بود.نتیجه‌گیری: در شرایط رویشی یکسان، ارقام مختلف در صفات رویشی و بیوشیمیایی پتانسیل متفاوتی دارند. الگوی رشد ژنوتیپ‌های مختلف با سنتز مواد غذایی و سطوح متفاوت هورمون‌های داخلی و توازن مابین آنها تعیین می‌شوند و در نتیجه پاسخ‌های گوناگونی نسبت به شرایط محیط کشت می‌دهند.مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که در شرایط رویشی یکسان، ارقام زودرس ساتینا از نظر صفات رویشی و آگریا از نظر مقدار رنگیزه‌ها می‌‌‌توانند برای کشت‌های انبوه انتخاب شوند.
المصادر:
A.O. Food and Agriculture Organization, 2012. https://www.fao.org/home/en
HassanDokht MR. Vegetable production technology. Tehran University, 2012. [in persian]
Jim´enez E, P´erez N, Feria M, Barb´on R, Capote A, Ch´avez M, Quiala E & P´erez JC. Improved production of potato microtubers using a temporary immersion system. Plant Cell. Tissue and Organ Culture. 1999; 59: 19-23.
Bolandi A, Hamidi R & Bidakhti R. Investigating the effect of hormone and photoperiod on the production of microtubers in two potato cultivars under glass conditions. Journal of Gardening Sciences. 2013; 27: 158-165. [in persian]
Gopal J, Chamail A & Sarkar D. In vitro production of microtubers for conservation of potato germplasm: effect of genotype, abscisic acid and sucrose. In vitro Cellular and Development Biology Plant. 2004; 40: 485-490.
Arregui LM, Veramendi JJ & Mingo-Castel AM. Effect of gelling agents on in vitro tuberzation of six potato cultivars. American J. of Potato research. 2003; 80: 141-144.
Anjum MK & Villiers TA. Induction of microtubers in vitro from stem segments of Solanum tuberosum, S. Commersonii Dun. And S. acaule Bitt. Scientia Horticulture. 1997; 70: 231-235.
Modarres Sanavy SAM & Jami Moeini M. Effects of different hormone combinations and planting beds on growth of single nodes plantlets from potato meristem culture. Plant Tissue Cult. 2003; 13(2): 145-150.
Roodbar Shojaei T, Sepahvand NA, Mansour O, Abdi HR & Mohajeri Naraghi S. The effect of plant growth regulators, cultivars and substrate combination on production of virus free potato minitubers. African J. of Biotechnology. 2009; 8(19): 4864-4871.
Mani F, Mhamdi M, Bettaieb T & Hannachi C. Shoot regeneration, micropropagation and microtuberization of potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivars. J. of New Sciences. 2014; 7(2): 18-10.
Ozturk G & Yildirim Z. A comparison of field performances of minitubers and microtubers used in seed potatp production. Turkish J. of Field Crops. 2010; 15(2): 141-147.
Bolandi A & Zarghami R. Investigating factors affecting the production of sprouts and microtubes in potatoes in vitro. Journal of Agriculture Research. 2005; 4: 24-32. [in persian]
Kawakami J, Kazuto I, Toshihiro H & Yutaka J. Growth and yield of potato plants grown from microtubers in fields. American J. of potato Research. 2003; 80: 371-378.
Nistor A, Campeanu G, Atanasiu N, Chiru N & Karacsonyi D. Influence of potato genotypes on “in vitro” production of microtubers. Romanian Biotechnological Letter. 2010; 15(3): 5317-5324.
Hoque ME. In vitro tuberization in potato (Solanum tuberosum ). Plant Omics J. 2010; 3(1): 7-11.
BayaniiRad B, Bolandi A, Taheri R, Hamidi H & Hosseini SS. Investigating the reaction of different potato cultivars on micronodulation in tissue culture medium. 12th Genetic Congress of Iran, 2012. [in persian]
Le CL. In vitro mass propagation of potato in liquid medium. Inaugural meeting in tamper, Finland, 2000: 44-45.
Qing Chang L, Teiji K & Muneharu S. Varietal differences of somatic embryogenesis in shoot tip cultures of sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Mem. Fac. Agr. Kagoshima Univ. 1993; 29: 39-42.
Pruski KW. Microporopagation technology in early phases of commercial seed potato production. J. of Potato Res. 2003; 80: 183-193.
Elshibi SM. Effect of genotype on morphogenesis of ten Solanum potato variets cultured in vitro. African Potaton Association Conferrence Proceeding, 2000; 5: 23-26.
Nowak J & Colborne D. In virto tuberization and tuber proteins as indicators of heat tolerance in potato. Potato J, 1989; 44: 35-45.
Murashige T & Skoog F. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacoo tissue cultures. Physiology Plant, 1962; 15: 473-497.
Donnelly DJ, Coleman WK & Coleman SE. Potato microtuber production and performance: A review. American J. of Potato Research. 2003; 80(2): 103-115
Arnon AN. Method of extraction of chlorophyll in the plants. Agron J. 1967; 23: 112-121.
Krizek DT, Britz SJ & Mirecki RM. Inhibitory effects of ambient levels of solar UV-A and UV-B radiation on growth of cv. New Red Fire lettuce. Physiologia platarum. 1998; 103: 1-7.
Kar M & Mishra D. Catalase, Peroxidase and polyphenolxidase activities during rice leaf senescence. Plant Phsiol.1976; 57: 315-319.
Chance B & Maehly AC. Assay of catalase and peroxidase, Methods Enzymology. 1995; 2: 764-791.
Resende MLV, Nojosa GBA, Cavalcanti LS, Aguilar MAG, Silva LHCP, Perez JO, Andrade GCG, Carvalho GA & Castro RM. Induction of resistance in cocoa against Crinipellis perniciosa and Verticillium dahliae by acibenzolar-s-methyl (ASM). Plant Pathology. 2002; 51: 621-628.
Charles G, Rossingol L & Rossingol M. Environmental effect on potato plants in vito. of Plant Physiol. 1992; 6: 708-713.
Leclerc Y, Donelly DJ & Seabrook JEA. Microtuberization of layered shoots and nodal cuttings of potato: the influence of growth regulators and incubation periods. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture. 1994; 37: 113-120.
Ziv M & Shemesh D. Progration and tuberization of potato bud clusters from bioreactor culture. In vitro Cellular and Development Biology Plant. 1996; 32: 31-36.
Jackson SD. Multiple signaling pathway control tuber induction in potato. Plant Physiol. 1999; 199: 1-8.
Sharma AK, Venkatasalam EP & Singh RK. Micro-tuber production behavior of some commercially important potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivars. Indian J. of Agricultural Sciences. 2011; 81(11): 1008-1013.
Phippen WB & Simon JE. Shoot regeneration of young leaf explants from basil (Ocimum basilicum). In vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology. 2000; 36: 250-254.
Moradi Payam A, Farshad Far AA, Chaiichi M, Khodadadi M & Haghtalab Z. Investigating the effect of seedling density in meristem cultivation on the performance of Sante and Agria mini-tubers. 11th Congress of Agricultural Sciences and Plant Breeding of Iran, Tehran, 2010; (In Persian).
Hafizi B, Bolandi AR, SohaniDarban A & Hamidi H. The effect of sucrose and hormonal composition on the morphological characteristics of two potato cultivars, Agria and Marfona, in vitro. In: 6th National New Ideas in Agriculture, Khorasegan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran, 2011. [in persian]
Kianmehr B, Otroshy M, Parsa M, Nassiri Mohallati M & Moradi K. Effect of Plant Growth Regulation during in vitro Phase on Potato Minituber Production. International J. of Agriculture and Crop Sciences. 2012; 4(15): 1060-1067.
_||_
A.O. Food and Agriculture Organization, 2012. https://www.fao.org/home/en
HassanDokht MR. Vegetable production technology. Tehran University, 2012. [in persian]
Jim´enez E, P´erez N, Feria M, Barb´on R, Capote A, Ch´avez M, Quiala E & P´erez JC. Improved production of potato microtubers using a temporary immersion system. Plant Cell. Tissue and Organ Culture. 1999; 59: 19-23.
Bolandi A, Hamidi R & Bidakhti R. Investigating the effect of hormone and photoperiod on the production of microtubers in two potato cultivars under glass conditions. Journal of Gardening Sciences. 2013; 27: 158-165. [in persian]
Gopal J, Chamail A & Sarkar D. In vitro production of microtubers for conservation of potato germplasm: effect of genotype, abscisic acid and sucrose. In vitro Cellular and Development Biology Plant. 2004; 40: 485-490.
Arregui LM, Veramendi JJ & Mingo-Castel AM. Effect of gelling agents on in vitro tuberzation of six potato cultivars. American J. of Potato research. 2003; 80: 141-144.
Anjum MK & Villiers TA. Induction of microtubers in vitro from stem segments of Solanum tuberosum, S. Commersonii Dun. And S. acaule Bitt. Scientia Horticulture. 1997; 70: 231-235.
Modarres Sanavy SAM & Jami Moeini M. Effects of different hormone combinations and planting beds on growth of single nodes plantlets from potato meristem culture. Plant Tissue Cult. 2003; 13(2): 145-150.
Roodbar Shojaei T, Sepahvand NA, Mansour O, Abdi HR & Mohajeri Naraghi S. The effect of plant growth regulators, cultivars and substrate combination on production of virus free potato minitubers. African J. of Biotechnology. 2009; 8(19): 4864-4871.
Mani F, Mhamdi M, Bettaieb T & Hannachi C. Shoot regeneration, micropropagation and microtuberization of potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivars. J. of New Sciences. 2014; 7(2): 18-10.
Ozturk G & Yildirim Z. A comparison of field performances of minitubers and microtubers used in seed potatp production. Turkish J. of Field Crops. 2010; 15(2): 141-147.
Bolandi A & Zarghami R. Investigating factors affecting the production of sprouts and microtubes in potatoes in vitro. Journal of Agriculture Research. 2005; 4: 24-32. [in persian]
Kawakami J, Kazuto I, Toshihiro H & Yutaka J. Growth and yield of potato plants grown from microtubers in fields. American J. of potato Research. 2003; 80: 371-378.
Nistor A, Campeanu G, Atanasiu N, Chiru N & Karacsonyi D. Influence of potato genotypes on “in vitro” production of microtubers. Romanian Biotechnological Letter. 2010; 15(3): 5317-5324.
Hoque ME. In vitro tuberization in potato (Solanum tuberosum ). Plant Omics J. 2010; 3(1): 7-11.
BayaniiRad B, Bolandi A, Taheri R, Hamidi H & Hosseini SS. Investigating the reaction of different potato cultivars on micronodulation in tissue culture medium. 12th Genetic Congress of Iran, 2012. [in persian]
Le CL. In vitro mass propagation of potato in liquid medium. Inaugural meeting in tamper, Finland, 2000: 44-45.
Qing Chang L, Teiji K & Muneharu S. Varietal differences of somatic embryogenesis in shoot tip cultures of sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Mem. Fac. Agr. Kagoshima Univ. 1993; 29: 39-42.
Pruski KW. Microporopagation technology in early phases of commercial seed potato production. J. of Potato Res. 2003; 80: 183-193.
Elshibi SM. Effect of genotype on morphogenesis of ten Solanum potato variets cultured in vitro. African Potaton Association Conferrence Proceeding, 2000; 5: 23-26.
Nowak J & Colborne D. In virto tuberization and tuber proteins as indicators of heat tolerance in potato. Potato J, 1989; 44: 35-45.
Murashige T & Skoog F. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacoo tissue cultures. Physiology Plant, 1962; 15: 473-497.
Donnelly DJ, Coleman WK & Coleman SE. Potato microtuber production and performance: A review. American J. of Potato Research. 2003; 80(2): 103-115
Arnon AN. Method of extraction of chlorophyll in the plants. Agron J. 1967; 23: 112-121.
Krizek DT, Britz SJ & Mirecki RM. Inhibitory effects of ambient levels of solar UV-A and UV-B radiation on growth of cv. New Red Fire lettuce. Physiologia platarum. 1998; 103: 1-7.
Kar M & Mishra D. Catalase, Peroxidase and polyphenolxidase activities during rice leaf senescence. Plant Phsiol.1976; 57: 315-319.
Chance B & Maehly AC. Assay of catalase and peroxidase, Methods Enzymology. 1995; 2: 764-791.
Resende MLV, Nojosa GBA, Cavalcanti LS, Aguilar MAG, Silva LHCP, Perez JO, Andrade GCG, Carvalho GA & Castro RM. Induction of resistance in cocoa against Crinipellis perniciosa and Verticillium dahliae by acibenzolar-s-methyl (ASM). Plant Pathology. 2002; 51: 621-628.
Charles G, Rossingol L & Rossingol M. Environmental effect on potato plants in vito. of Plant Physiol. 1992; 6: 708-713.
Leclerc Y, Donelly DJ & Seabrook JEA. Microtuberization of layered shoots and nodal cuttings of potato: the influence of growth regulators and incubation periods. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture. 1994; 37: 113-120.
Ziv M & Shemesh D. Progration and tuberization of potato bud clusters from bioreactor culture. In vitro Cellular and Development Biology Plant. 1996; 32: 31-36.
Jackson SD. Multiple signaling pathway control tuber induction in potato. Plant Physiol. 1999; 199: 1-8.
Sharma AK, Venkatasalam EP & Singh RK. Micro-tuber production behavior of some commercially important potato (Solanum tuberosum) cultivars. Indian J. of Agricultural Sciences. 2011; 81(11): 1008-1013.
Phippen WB & Simon JE. Shoot regeneration of young leaf explants from basil (Ocimum basilicum). In vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology. 2000; 36: 250-254.
Moradi Payam A, Farshad Far AA, Chaiichi M, Khodadadi M & Haghtalab Z. Investigating the effect of seedling density in meristem cultivation on the performance of Sante and Agria mini-tubers. 11th Congress of Agricultural Sciences and Plant Breeding of Iran, Tehran, 2010; (In Persian).
Hafizi B, Bolandi AR, SohaniDarban A & Hamidi H. The effect of sucrose and hormonal composition on the morphological characteristics of two potato cultivars, Agria and Marfona, in vitro. In: 6th National New Ideas in Agriculture, Khorasegan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran, 2011. [in persian]
Kianmehr B, Otroshy M, Parsa M, Nassiri Mohallati M & Moradi K. Effect of Plant Growth Regulation during in vitro Phase on Potato Minituber Production. International J. of Agriculture and Crop Sciences. 2012; 4(15): 1060-1067.
