بررسی و ارزیابی تاثیر پارامترهای اقلیمی بر شکل گیری معماری ساختمان ها جهت مدیریت بهینه گرمایش و سرمایش ساختمان های شهری (مطالعه موردی شهر اردبیل)
الموضوعات :
یوسف درویشی
1
(استادیار گروه جغرافیا دانشگاه پیام نور.ایران)
الکلمات المفتاحية: اقلیم, شهر اردبیل, معماری, طراحی اقلیمی, ساختمان,
ملخص المقالة :
بررسی ویژگی‌های اقلیمی مناطق مختلف و تعیین نوع معماری هر منطقه بر اساس آمارها و داده‌های اقلیمی، یک اصل اجتناب‌ناپذیر است، عامل مهم در معماری، انسان و راحتی و آسایش اوست. لذا تأثیر متقابل انسان و شرایط اقلیمی و مسکن از بدیهیات می‌باشد. روش تحقیق روش کتابخانه ای و میدانی است.برای جمع آوری اطلاعات از منابع ، کتابخانه ایی و اسنادی بهره گرفته شده است و جهت درک بهتر منابع کتابخانه ای، پژوهش میدانی از منطقه مورد مطالعه صورت گرفته است.با استفاده از اطلاعات و داده های هواشناسی وسازمان میراث فرهنگی استان اردبیل ، شاخص های اقلیمی - معماری محاسبه و برآورد شده است. عناصر اقلیمی موثر برای تحلیل آب و هوای منطقه مورد مطالعه با استفاده از نرم افزارهای excel، espss، worplat، جداول و نمودارهای مورد نیاز رسم خواهد شد.نتایج حاصل از پژوهش گویای این بحث است که معماری بناهای قدیمی شهر اردبیل کاملا" در ارتباط با وضعیت اقلیمی محل بوده و جهت استقرار این مساکن رو به جنوب و به منظور بهره گیری حداکثر از تابش خورشیدی می باشد. مصالح دیوارها از نوع خشت و گل با ظرفیت حرارتی زیاد است و در زمان معصر نیز تاثیر اقلیم در معماری ساختمان های شهری مدنظر قرار می گیرد،اما برای ساخت و طراحی معماری ساختمان ها در جهت آسایش شهروندان پیشنهاد می گردد که استقرار ساختمان های شهر به منظور کاهش کسب حداکثر انر‍‍ژی خورشیدی جهت رو به جنوب باشد .
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