بررسی تأثیر سرمایه اجتماعی بر رفتارهای زیست محیطی گردشگران شهر ایلام
الموضوعات :پاکزاد آزادخانی 1 , محمد جوادی راد 2
1 - دانشیار گروه معماری، جغرافیا و برنامه¬ریزی شهری، موسسه غیر انتفاعی باختر ایلام. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مدیریت و برنامه¬ریزی جهانگردی، موسسه غیر انتفاعی باختر ایلام.
الکلمات المفتاحية: سرمایه اجتماعی, رفتارهای زیست‌‌محیطی, گردشگران, شهر ایلام.,
ملخص المقالة :
امروزه با توجه به افزایش سفرها و تمایل افراد به گردشگری و گشت و گذار در طبیعت نگرانی‌‌ها برای حفظ طبیعت و حفاظت از منابع طبیعی نیز افزایش یافته است. دغدغه تمامی دوستداران محیط زیست این است که چگونه می‌‌توان از منابع طبیعی به نحو صحیح استفاده و از آنها برای نسل‌‌های آتی مواظبت کرد. در این راستا، پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر سرمایه‌‌های اجتماعی بر رفتارهای زیست‌‌محیطی با روش توصیفی - همبستگی انجام شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش گردشگران ورودی به شهر ایلام در سال 1397 تشکیل داده است که تعداد 384 نفر از آنها با استفاده از فرمول کوکران و به روش نمونه‌‌گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب و بین آنها پرسشنامه توزیع شد. از پرسشنامه‌‌های استاندارد سرمایه اجتماعی ناهاپیت و گوشال 1998 و رفتارهای زیست‌‌محیطی امامقلی 1390 به-منظور گردآوری داده‌های میدانی استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌‌ها از طریق آزمون‌‌های همبستگی و رگرسیون در نرم‌‌افزار SPSS انجام شد. یافته‌‌ها نشان داد که سرمایه‌‌های اجتماعی با رفتارهای زیست‌‌محیطی گردشگران رابطه معناداری دارد. همچنین مؤلفه‌‌های سرمایه اجتماعی با رفتارهای زیست‌‌محیطی رابطه معناداری داشتند. از بین مؤلفه‌‌های سرمایه اجتماعی، مؤلفه سرمایه شناختی با ضریب بتای 31 درصد بیشترین تأثیر را در تبیین رفتارهای زیست‌‌محیطی داشت. نتیجه بررسی رابطه سرمایه اجتماعی بر مؤلفه‌‌های زیست‌‌محیطی نیز حاکی از وجود رابطه مثبت بین سرمایه اجتماعی و صرفه‌‌جویی در مصرف گاز، برق و آب توسط گردشگران داشت ولی بین سرمایه اجتماعی و استفاده از تولیدات استاندارد، حفاظت از محیط زیست و استفاده از وسایل بازیافتی رابطه‌‌ای یافت نشد.
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