تحلیل بازدارنده¬های زیست‌محیطی برای فعالیت مروجان در پهنه¬های تولیدی (مطالعه موردی: سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان کرمانشاه)
الموضوعات :نرگس مرادی آهنگرانی 1 , سوسن لایی 2 , فرامرز ملکیان 3 , سحر محمدی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت آموزشی، گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران.
4 - استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد کرمانشاه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرمانشاه، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: نظام نوین ترویج کشاورزي, پهنه¬بندی, مروجان کشاورزی, محیط¬زیست, استان کرمانشاه.,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: موضوع اصلی این پژوهش، تحلیل بازدارنده¬های زیست‌محیطی مروجان برای فعالیت در پهنه¬های تولیدی نظام نوین ترویج کشاورزی در سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان کرمانشاه، می‌باشد. روش بررسی: این پژوهش در قالب رویکرد کیفی و با استفاده از روش داده بنیاد و در سال 1400 – 1401 انجام شد. جامعه مورد مطالعه، 16 نفر از مدیران مراکز جهاد کشاورزی دهستان و 32 نفر از کارشناسان پهنه‌های تولیدی سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان کرمانشاه بودند که با استفاده از روش نمونه¬گیری هدفمند متواتر از نوع گلوله برفی انتخاب شدند. گردآوری داده¬ها با استفاده از فن مصاحبه انفرادی نیمه ساختارمند، گروه متمرکز، مشاهده و یادداشت¬برداری میدانی، صورت گرفت و جهت اعتبارسنجی یافته¬های پژوهش نیز از روش‌های تنوع در جامعه مورد مطالعه، جمع¬آوری داده¬ها در مکان¬های متنوع، حداکثر تنوع در انتخاب نمونه¬ها و کنترل توسط اعضا استفاده گردید. یافته¬ها: نتایج نشان داد عواملی از قبیل نقاط ضعف منابع انسانی شاغل در بخش ترویج کشاورزی، فراهم نبودن زیرساخت‌ها و کمبود امکانات آموزشی زیست¬محیطی، مشکلات و محدودیت‌های اجرایی، ساختاری و اداری، نبود ارزشیابی برنامه‌های آموزش زیست‌محیطی، عوامل فرهنگی و ارتباطی و مشکلات و محدودیت‌های مربوط به بخش تحقیقات زیست‌محیطی، باعث شده که مروجان از مهارت‌های لازم برخوردار نباشند و برای بهبود شرایط مهارتی مروجان و توسعه منطقه، راهبردهایی همچون تقویت صلاحیت‌های ارتباطی و ترویجی، برنامه‌ریزی ترویجی، نظارت و ارزیابی، مدیریتی، توانمندسازی و دانش‌افزایی، ارائه شده است. بحث و نتیجه¬گیری: از آنجاکه مشکلات زیست¬محیطی به دست بشر ایجاد شده است، مؤثرترین راه¬حل برای رفع این چالش¬ها، ارتقا دانش و آگاهی بهره¬بردارن بخش کشاورزی، ارتقای فرهنگ عمومی و وضع قوانین مناسب، می¬باشد و رسیدن به این مهم، خود مستلزم توسعه آموزش مجریان و کارشناسان مسئول پهنه¬های تولیدی و بهبود نقش، مهارت و افزایش دانش عمومی زیست‌محیطی آنان می¬باشد.
1. Ranaei, H., and Mortazavi, M. Structural reforms in Iran's agricultural Extension system. Tehran: Agricultural Education Publication. 2015, First Edition. (In Persian)
2. Ghasemi, J., Rezaei-Moghadam, K. & Ebrahimnejad, M. Analysis of the challenges and problems of Iran's agricultural sector from the point of view of Extension worker responsible for production zones. Karaj: The 4th Iran Water and Soil Engineering and Management Congress, University of Tehran Agriculture and Natural Resources Campus, 2017, 12-1. (In Persian)
3. Alizadeh, N., Alipour, H., Nikooei, A., Hajimirrahimi, D., Bakshi Jahormi, A. & Hasanpour, B. Identification of Challenges and Requirements of the Agricultural Extension and Pathology of the Current Status of the New Agricultural Extension System of Iran. Iran Agricultural Extension and Education Journal, 2017 a, 14 (2), 21-35. (In Persian)
4. Rezaei-Moghaddam, K. & Fatemi, M. Strategies for Improvement of Agricultural Extension New Approach of Iran. Iran Agricultural Extension and Education Journal, 2018, 15, 2, 223-251. (In Persian)
5. Jafari, N., Karmi, A. & Keshavarz, M. The Impacts of the New Agricultural Extension System on Improving Knowledge and Changing the Behavior of Farmers in Fars Province. Iran Agricultural Extension and Education Journal, 2019, 16(2), 21-38. (In Persian)
6. Asadollahpour Kotenai, A., Alipour, H. & Farhadi, F. The role of components in the challenges of New System of Agricultural Extension (NSAE) in Mazandaran. Journal of Agricultural Education Administration Research, 1400, 13(57), 5-27. (In Persian)
7. Noori H., Ghasemi, J. & Tavakoli, A. R. Effectiveness Evaluation of Senior Extension Researchers in the New Agricultural Extension System: The Use of CIPP Model. Journal of Agricultural Education Administration Research, 2021, 14(61), 41-62. (In Persian)
8. Ranai, H. Redesigning the organizational structure of the agricultural extension system. Publisher: Ministry of Agricultural Jihad, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization. 2013, First Edition. (In Persian)
9. Pourfateh, N., Seydeshaghi, A. R. & Azimi, N. Experiences of the knowledge network office and extension media. Journal of Agricultural Education Administration Research, 2021, 14(61), 141-154. (In Persian)
10. Ansari, N., Rezaei-Moghaddam, K. & Fatemi, M. Viewpoints of Experts of Agricultural Jihad Centers toward the Agricultural Extension: New Approach in Fars Province. European Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2019, 8(3), 399-410.
11. Kamali-Moghadam, N., Ahmadvand, M. & Amiriardakani, M. Explaining Professional Competencies Needed by Agricultural Parcels’ Extension Agents in the Boyer-Ahmad County. Iran Agricultural Extension and Education Journal, 2021, 18(2), 71-86. (In Persian)
12. Shahpasand, M. R., Alipour, H., Nemati, A., Bakshi Jahormi, A., Yaghoubi, V. & Hosseinpour, B. Extension agents' views on the competencies required in the field of agricultural extension operations. Programs. Journal of Agricultural Education Administration Research, 2020, 56(13), 91-110. (In Persian)
13. Sabzeh, M., Cheraghali, M. R., Mohajer, M. & Khoshfar, Gh. R. Factors Influencing the Job Performance of Promoters Responsible for Area in Golestan Province. Journal of Agricultural Education Administration Research, 2018, 50, 145-159. (In Persian)
14. Siahi, H. Professional and educational qualifications of Extension worker responsible for the area. Ilam Province Agricultural Jihad Organization's promotional educational quarterly, 2016, 12. (In Persian)
15. Issahaku, A. Perceived competencies of agricultural extension workers in extension service delivery in northern region of Ghana: Perspective from literature. Journal of Developing Country S tudies, 2014, 4(15):107-114.
16. Sharifzadeh, M., Nakhai, H. & Abbasi, L. Pathology of establishment of new agricultural extension system in Iran: the case of Golestan province. The 6th National Congress of Extension Sciences and Education of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Iran, considerations of extension in the sustainability of agriculture, natural resources and environment in the conditions of climate change, 2015, 1-3. (In Persian)
17. Akbari Armand, M., Babaei, F., Mohammadi, A. & Moharamnejhad N. (2021). Nuclear energy and Environmental Quality Approach to Data Integration. J. Sus. Dev. &. Env., 1 (4): 33-43. (In Persian)
18. Ahani, M. & Afshar Kazemi, M. A. (2021). Expounding the Place of Iran in the World Based on the Sustainable Development: An Environmental Approach. J. Sus. Dev. &. Env., 2 (2): 35-52. (In Persian)
19. Azadkhani, P. (2019). The Role of Awareness and Knowing the Environment in Creating SustainableEcotourism (Case Study: Ilam County). J. Sus. Dev. &. Env., 1 (1): 83-98. (In Persian)
20. Askari Bozayeh, F., Mohammadzadeh, R. & Moradi, A. (2022). Environmental Implications of the Agricultural Sector and Policy Developments of the Recent Decade: A Case Study of OECD Countries. Water Management in Agriculture, 8 (2): 27-40. (In Persian)
21. Esmaeeli Dastjerdi poor, A. & Mehrabi Bashar Abadi, H. (2021). Evaluation the sustainability of agricultural activity in Iran: with emphasize on ecological footprint and actual land demand approach. J. Sus. Dev. &. Env., 1 (4): 45-55. (In Persian)
22. Ranjkesh, N. (2021). An overview of the importance of sustainable agricultural development in order to protect the environment. Plant and Biotechnology of Iran, 16 (2): 49-56. (In Persian)
23. Nikpour, T., Keya, A. A. & Rasouli, M. R. (2022). The effect of virtual networks in promoting Iran's environmental culture. Journal of Environmental Research and Technology, 12 (7): 1-18. (In Persian)
24. Yousefinejad, M., Larijani, M., Shobiri, S. M. & Rezaei, M. (2022). Designing a Model of Virtual Water Education in the Agricultural Sector with the Approach of Resistance Economy and Sustainable Development (Case Study: Tehran Province). J. Sus. Dev. &. Env., 3 (2): 87-112. (In Persian)
25. Hamidi, K. & Yaghobi, J. Identification of the Competencies Required for Urban Agriculture Extension Agents from the Perspective of Agricultural Extension Experts of Zanjan Province. Agricultural Extension and Education Research, 2015, 9(3), 23-33. (In Persian)
26. Rezaei, R., Ghadimi, S. A. R., Eshaghi, S. R. & Vedadi, A. An Investigation of the Competencies Needed by Extension Workers as from the Viewpoints of Agricultural Extension Personnel, Ardabil Province. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 2011, 3(43), 472-482. (In Persian)
27. Shabanali Fami, H., Mohammadzadeh Nasrabadi, M., Mokhtari Hessari, A., Zarei Dastgerdi, Z. & Rasouli, F. Analysis of the fields of participation of state and local Extension worker in the Extensional activities of Iran's agricultural extension system. Agricultural Sciences of Iran, 2006, 2(2), 379-387. (In Persian)
28. Souri, S., Sadighi, H. & Pezeshki Rad, Gh. R. An Identification of Difficulties and Limiting Factors Influencing Agricultural Extension Education Activities from the viewpoint of Agricultural Extension Experts (A case study of the headquarters of the Ministry of Agriculture and the center of Qom province). Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 2011, 2(43), 241-252. (In Persian)
29. Nwaogu, F. K. & Akinbile, L. A. Competencies of Agricultural Development Programme Personnel in Extension Service Delivery in Oyo and Ogun S tates Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Extension, 2018, 22 (3), 40-52.
30. Babaei, M. H., Alibaygi, A. H. Gholami, M. & Pourmoradi, A. Pathology of Agricultural Extension Educationa Programs. Journal of Agricultural Education Administration Research, 2012, 24, 30-43. (In Persian)
31. Ahmadpour, A., Nouri, M. & Alikhani Dadokolaei, M. Analyzing the Required Professional Qualification for Agricultural Extension Experts in Operational Level in the Mazandaran Province. Rural Development Strategies, 2014, 2(2), 201-214. (In Persian)
32. Alizadeh, N., Alipour, H., Mirtorabi, M. A. & Moazen, Z. Effective Components in Transformation Agricultural Extension System in Iran. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 2017 b, 49(2), 331-345. (In Persian)
33. Clup, K., Mckee, R. K. & Nestor, P. Identifying Volunteer Core Competencies: Regional Differences. Journal of Extension, 2007, 45(2).
34. Cahyono, E. D. Challenges facing extension agents in implementing the participatory extension approach in Indonesia. Phd. Dissertation, University of Ohio, 2014.
35. Demenongu, T. S., Okwu, O. J. & Okwoche, V. A. Assessment of Communication Competence of Agricultural Extension Workers in Benue State, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural & Food Information, 2015, 16(2): 163-173.
36. Suvedi, M. & Ghimire, R. How competent are Agricultural Extension Agents and Extension Educators in Nepal? 2015, Available at: http://www.cired.vt.edu/innovate/wp.
37. Moore, K. M. Confronting the challenges of agricultural education and Training. Paper presented at the MEAS Symposium on: Strengthening Extension and Advisory Services for Lasting Impacts Washington, D.C., 2015, 3-5.
38. Rohit, J., Singh, P., Satyapriya, S., Sangeetha, V. & Kumbhare, N. V. Competency Mapping of the Extensionists Working in Krishi Vigyan Kendra’ s in India. Journal of Agricultural Science and Tecnology, 2019, 21(4), 799-813.
39. Gadzirayi, C., Mafuse, N., Zivenge, E., Veremu, r. & Sansole, W. Agricultural Extension Needs of Frontline Extension Workers under a Pluralistic Advisory System: Case of Zimbabwe Agricultural Growth Program. International Journal of Agricultural Science, Research and Technology in Extension and Education Systems, 2020, 10(4): 165-172.
40. Tayouri, M., Farajollah Hossein, S. J. & Sabouri, M. S. Examining the Incentive and Deterrent Factors of Agricultural Agents’ Skill Development. Agricultural Extension and Education Research, 2019, 13(4), 1-13. (In Persian)
41. Tayouri, M., Farajollah Hossein, S. J. & Sabouri, M. S. Designing a skills development model for Iranian agricultural promoters with emphasis on capacity building. Journal of Geography & Regional planning, 2020, 11(4), 648-660. (In Persian)
42. Barzideh, F., Babajani, J. & Abdullahi, A. Designing an identity model in audit judgment with an approach based on foundational data theory. Auditing Science, 2017, 18(71), 5-36. (In Persian)
