بررسی پراکنش عنصر مس در خاک تحت تاثیر فعالیت های معدن مس میدوک (شهربابک)
الموضوعات :محمد صادق غضنفری مقدم 1 , جواد اورعی 2
1 - استادیار پژوهشکده انرژی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته کرمان، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد، مهندسی خاکشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: آلودگی خاک, معدن مس, پهنه بندی, شاخص زمین انباشتگی,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: افزایش فعالیت‌های صنعتی توأم با تولید آلاینده‌ها ازجمله فلزات سنگین یکی از عوامل اصلی آلاینده‌ی آب و خاک به شمار می‌رود. یکی از فعالیت های بشری که باعث آلودگی منابع طبیعی از جمله خاک می شود فعالیت های معدنی است. روش بررسی: در این پژوهش پهنه بندی غلظت عنصر مس به عنوان آلودگی خاک در اطراف معدن مس میدوک مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. دو مسیر نمونه برداری با توجه به موقعیت روستا های اطراف در نظر گرفته شد. نمونه برداری به صورت سیستماتیک از 360 نقطه نمونه گیری انجام شد. هضم نمونه ها و اندازه گیری غلظت در آزمایشگاه و به روش جذب اتمی انجام شد. در این پژوهش از شاخص زمین انباشتگی مولر برای بررسی درجه‌ی آلودگی خاک به فلزات سنگین استفاده شد. در نهایت با استفاده از روش کریجینگ نرمال غلظت عنصر مس و درجه آلودگی خاک پهنه بندی شد. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که غلظت عنصر مس در مسیر نمونه‌برداری D در نقطه نمونه‌برداری 3D و برابر 5/697 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم بوده و کم ترین غلظت عنصر مس در این مسیر در نقطه D11 برابر با 35/6 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم بوده است. شاخص زمین انباشتگی نشان می‌دهد که آلودگی عنصر مس در مسیر نمونه D ( جنوب معدن) بیش تر است، که می‌تواند به دلیل قرار گرفتن این مسیر در راستای معدن و بر روی شیب در جهت باد غالب جنوبی باشد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج نشان می‌دهد بافاصله گرفتن از معدن از درجه آلودگی مس در هر دو مسیر کاسته می‌شود که می‌تواند نشان دهنده نقش معدن در ایجاد آلودگی عنصر مس در خاک‌های منطقه باشد.
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- Torabian, A., Mahjori, M. 2002. Heavy metals uptake by vegetable crops irrigated with wastewater in south Tehran. Journal of water and soil science. 16 (2) : 189 – 196 (In Persian).
- Hansen, E., Lassen, C., Stuer, E., Laur, D., Kjolholt, F. 2002. Heavy metals in waste, European Commission DG FNV. E3, project ENV. E.3 , ETU/ 200/005 & , Final
- Matagi SVS, wai D, Mugabe R. 1998. A review of heavy metal removal mechanisms in wet lands, African Journal tropical Hydrobilogy Fish. 823-35.
- Vamerali T., Marrianna B, Mosca G. 2010. Field crops for phytoreme diution of metal – contaminated of metal contaminated land: A review Environmental chemistry letters. 8: 1-17
- Wong MH. 2003. Bcologycal restoration of mine degraded soil, with emphasis on metal contaminated soil, Chemos phere. 50 : 775-780.
- Nriagu jo, Pacyna JM. 1988. Quantitative assessment of worldwide contamination of air water and soils by trace metals. Nature 333 (6169) 134-139 .
- Nathanarl CP, Earl N. 2001. Human health risk assessment: guidelines values and magic numbers, in: Assessment and veclamition of contaminated land, Hester R.E, and , Harrison R.M, (Bds), Royal society of chemistry, Cambridge. pp. 85-102
- Welch RM. 1995. Micronutrient Nutrition of plants, Critical Review inplant siences. 14: 49-82.
- Nedel kosku TV., Doran PM. 2000. Hypera ccumulation of cadmium by hairy roots of Ihlaspi cuerulescent, Biotechrology and Bioenginzering. 67 (5) 607-615
- Pal R., Rai JPN. 2010. Phytochelatins: peptides involed inheavy metal detox:fication, Applized Biochemistry Biotechnolgoy. 160-945-963.
- Bakker M. 2004. Transient analytic elements for periodic Dupuit-Forchheimer flow, Adv Water Resour. pp. 312.
- Nwachukwu, M. A, Feng H, Alinnor J. 2010. Assessment of heavy metal pollution in soil and their implications within and around mechanic villages. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech. 7 (2), 347-358.
- Yanzaho W., Jun C., Xinmin W., Quingjia T. 2005. Possibliteis of reflectance spectroscopy for assemseent of contaminzation element in suburban soil. Applied Geochemistry. 20: 1051-1059.
- Bhuiyan M A H., Parvez L., Islam MA., Dampare SB., Suzukia S. 2010. Heavy metal pollution of coal mine-affected agricultural soils in the northern part of Bangladesh. J. Hazard. Mater. 173: 384-392
- Wong SC., Li HD., Zhang G., Qi SH., Min YS. 2002. Heavy metals in agricultural soils of the pearl River Delta, south china, Environmental pollution. 119 : 33-44.
- Shafiei, N., Shirani, H., Esfandiarpour, A. 2012. The enrichment of arsenic and selenium in the soils around the Sarcheshmeh copper mine. Journal of soil management. Is. 2. No. 2 (In Persian).
- Sattari, M., Nayebzadeh, M., Najafabadi, R. 2013. Surface water quality prediction using decision tree method. Journal of Iran Irrigation and water engineering. No. 15. 76-88 (In Persian).
- Kemper T., sommer S. 2002. Estimate Heavy metal contamination in soil after a mining accident using refelectance, Spectroscopy. Environ Sci. Technol. 36 : 2742-2747
- Withers P J A., Lord E I. 2002. Agricultural Nutrient Inputs to Rivers and Groundwaters in the UK: Policy, Environmental Management and Research Needs. TheScience of the Total Environment. 282-283.
- Juang KW., Lee D Y., Ellsworth TR. 2001. Using rank order geostatistics for spatial inter plolation of higly skewed data in heavy metal contaminated site, J. Environ. Qual. 30: 844-903.
- Jiachan S., Haizhen W., Jianming W., Jianjan W., Xingmei L., halping Z. 2007. Spatial distribution for heavy metal in soil : A case study of changing, china, environ geol. 52il – 10.
- Lado L.R., Hengl T., Reuter HR. 2008. Heavy metals in European soils: A geostatistical anlysis of the FOREGS Geo chimical data base, Geo derma. 148: 189-199.
- Rodriguez L., Ruiz E., Azcarate LA., Rincon J. 2009. Heavy metal distribuation and Chemical Speciation in tailing and Soils around a pb-Zine mine in spain. J.Environ. Manage. 90: 1106-1116
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- Cao HF., Chang AC., page AL. 1984. Heavy metal contents of sludge- treated soils at determined by three extraction procedures, J Environ aula. 13(4): 632-634.
- Muller G. 1979. schwer metalte in densdimenten des rheins veranderangen seit 1971. Umschao 79 (24). Pp. 778-783.
- Muller G. 1969. index of geoaccumulation in sediments of the Rhine river. Geojournul. 2:108-118.
- Mc Groth SP., Chaudri AM., Giller K.E. 1995. long term effects of metals in sewage sladge on soils, micro- crganisms and plants, j. ind. Microbiol. 14 (2): 94-104.
- Shahbazi, A. 2011. Evaluation of the Effects of Agricultural Activities on the Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Some Agricultural Soils in Hamedan Province. Master Thesis. Technical University of Isfahan (In Persian).
