ارزیابی ریسک ذرات معلق با استفاده از تکنیک EFMEA و روش TOPSISدر منطقه 9 شهرداری تهران
الموضوعات :
رضا جلیل زاده
1
,
مهدیه سادات رحمانی
2
1 - استادیار، گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.
2 - کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده محیط زیست و انرژی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران.
تاريخ الإرسال : 03 السبت , محرم, 1439
تاريخ التأكيد : 23 الأربعاء , شعبان, 1439
تاريخ الإصدار : 09 الأربعاء , رمضان, 1442
الکلمات المفتاحية:
تکنیک TOPSIS,
ذرات معلق PM₁₀ و PM₂.₅,
تکنیک EFMEA,
آلودگی هوا,
ارزیابی ریسک,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: اهمیت استنشاق هوای پاک روزبه‌روز نمود بارزتری پیدا میکند. در هوای آزاد تعدادی از آلاینده‌ها به‌عنوان آلاینده‌های معیار در نظر گرفته‌شده‌اند، که یکی از این آلاینده‌ها ذرات معلق است. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین جنبه‌های محیط زیستی ذرات معلق در منطقه 9 شهرداری تهران می‌باشد.روش بررسی: در این تحقیق ابتدا با مراجعه به شهرداری منطقه 9 و دریافت اطلاعات منطقه، فعالیت‌های شاخص تولیدکننده ذرات معلق شناسایی شد. ریسک‌های بالقوه آسیب‌رسان ناشی از این فعالیت‌ها شناسایی و با توجه احتمال وقوع، گستره آلودگی، قدرت تشخیص و شدت اثر بر محیط‌زیست طبقه‌بندی گردیدند.یافته‌ها: 7 فعالیت شناسایی و برای هر فعالیت 17 پیامد محیط زیستی از تکنیک EFMEA شناسایی شد. از 17 ریسک شناسایی‌شده 4 ریسک به ترتیب شامل بیماری‌های ریوی، بیماری‌های قلبی، بیماری‌های گوارشی و بیماری‌های پوستی دارای بیشترین شدت اثر بوده و رتبه‌های اول تا چهارم را به خود اختصاص داده‌اند و 2 ریسک سوانح رانندگی و مخدوش شدن علائم راهنمایی و رانندگی دارای کمترین شدت اثر می‌باشند و در رتبه‌های شانزدهم و هفدهم رتبه‌بندی با روش TOPSIS قرار می‌گیرند. بر اساس تکنیک EFMEA نیز بیماری‌های ریوی با عدد 524 و بیماری‌های قلبی با عدد 423 بیشترین عدد ریسک و مخدوش شدن علائم راهنمایی با عدد 50 و سوانح رانندگی با عدد ریسک 52 کمترین سطح ریسک را به خود اختصاص داده‌اند.بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به ارزیابی ریسک در این تحقیق، مشخص گردید2ریسک بیماری‌های ریوی و بیماری‌های قلبی دارای بیشترین تأثیر بر روی سلامت عمومی افراد منطقه می‌باشند و با انجام یک رشته از اقدامات کنترلی می‌توان ریسک‌های زیست‌محیطی منطقه را کاهش داد.
المصادر:
Maama, H., Appiah, K. (2019). Green accounting practices: lesson from an emerging economy, Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 11(4): 456-478. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRFM-02-2017-0013
Rajesh, P. (2011). Manufacturers targeted by India's e-waste laws. Chemistry World; http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/News/2011/July/13071101.asp. Accessed on 23 May, 2017.
Wath, S. B., Vaidya, A. N., Dutt, P. S., and Chakrabarti, T. (2010). A roadmap for development of sustainable E-waste management system in India. Science of the Total Environment, 409(1): 19-
Menikpura, S, N, M., Santo, A. and Hotta, Y. (2014). Assessing the climate co-benefits from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) recycling in Japan. Journal of Cleaner Production, 74(2): 183-190.
Kumar A., Dixit G. (2018). An analysis of barriers affecting the implementation of e-waste management practices in India: A novel ISM-DEMATEL approach. Sustainable Production and Consumption, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2018.01.002
Bhutta, M. K. S., Omar, A. Yang, X. (2011). Electronic waste: a growing concern in today's environment. Economics Research International, 2011.
Qian, W., Burritt, R., & Chen, J. (2016). The potential for environmental management accounting development in China. Journal of Accounting and Organizational Change, 11(1): 406–428. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC‐11‐2013‐0092
Hahn, R., Reimsbach, D., & Schiemann, F. (2015). Organizations, climate change, and transparency: Reviewing the literature on carbon disclosure. Organization and Environment, 28, 80–102. https://doi.org/1177/1086026615575542
Borghei, Z., Leung, P., & Guthrie, J. (2016). The nature of voluntary greenhouse gas disclosure—An explanation of the changing rationale: Australian evidence. Meditari Accountancy Research, 24, 111–133. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEDAR‐02‐2015‐0008
Welbeck, E. E. (2017). The influence of institutional environment on corporate responsibility disclosures in Ghana. Meditari Accountancy Research, 25(3): 216–240. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEDAR‐11‐2016‐0092
Seyedjavadin, S., Roshandel Arbatani, T., Nobari, A. (2017). Green Human Resource Management A Investment Approach and Sustainable Development. Journal of Investment Knowledge, 5(20), 297-327. (In Persian)
Sepasi, S., Esmaili Kejani, M. (2015). Green Accounting: A Model for Environmental Disclosure. Journal of Health Accounting, 4(1): 1-19. (In Persian)
Feger, C. and Mermet, L. (2017). A blueprint towards accounting for the management of ecosystems, Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 30(7): 1511-1536. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-12-2015-2360
Adams, C. and Larrinaga, C. (2019). Progress: engaging with organizations in pursuit of improved sustainability accounting and performance, Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 32(8): 2367-2394. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-03-2018-3399
Mehraban Poor, M, R., Jandaghi Ghomi, M., Eghdam, M., Eghdam, R., Ghorbani, H. (2016). Environmental Accounting, Journal of Accounting and Auditing Studies, 18 (2): 32-47. (In Persian)
Solovida, G. and Latan, H. (2017). Linking environmental strategy to environmental performance: Mediation role of environmental management accounting, Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 8(5): 595-619. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-08-2016-0046
Boyd, J. (1998). The Benefits of Improved Environmental Accounting: An Economic Framework to Identify Priorities, Resources for the Future, Available at: www.rff.org. [Online] [05 February 2014].
Herold, D. M. (2019). Has carbon disclosure become more transparent in the global logistics industry? An investigation of corporate carbon disclosure strategies between 2010 and 2015. Logistics, 2(4): 13-39. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics2030013
Mata, C., Fialho, A., Eugénio, T. (2018). A Decade of Environmental Accounting Reporting: What we know?, Journal of Cleaner Production, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.07.087.
Liu, G., Yin, X., Pengue, W., Benetto, E. (2018). Donald Huisingh, Hans Schnitzer, Yutao Wang, Marco Casazza, Environmental accounting: in between raw data and information use for management practices, Journal of Cleaner Production, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.194
Akbari, A., Pourzamani, Z. (2018). The Firm Management Structure, Environmental Auditing and Financial Reporting Quality. Journal of Management Accounting and Auditing Knowledge, 7(26): 133-144. (In Persian)
Valiyan, H., Abdoli, M., Orooeyee, M. (2018). Designing of model of innovative environmental functions for the development of business functions with fuzzy approach (Case Study: Tehran Stock Exchange pharmaceutical companies). Sustainability, Development & Environment, 4(4): 61-43. (In Persian)
Malekiyan, H., Sancholi, M. (2017). Green Accounting, a Comprehensive and Comprehensive Tool in Green Supply Chain Management Information, Two Months Applied Studies in Management and Development Sciences, Second Year, 4(2): 106-97. (In Persian)
Sandelowski M, Barroso J. (2008). Creating met summaries of qualitative findings. Nursing Research, 52: 226-33.
Sadeghi-Fasaei, S., Naseri-Rad, M. (2012). Fundamental Elemen to of Qualitative Research in Social Sciences (Ontology, Epistemology, Methodology and Methods). Journal of Iranian Social Studies, 5(2): 78-98. (In Persian)
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Maama, H., Appiah, K. (2019). Green accounting practices: lesson from an emerging economy, Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 11(4): 456-478. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRFM-02-2017-0013
Rajesh, P. (2011). Manufacturers targeted by India's e-waste laws. Chemistry World; http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/News/2011/July/13071101.asp. Accessed on 23 May, 2017.
Wath, S. B., Vaidya, A. N., Dutt, P. S., and Chakrabarti, T. (2010). A roadmap for development of sustainable E-waste management system in India. Science of the Total Environment, 409(1): 19-
Menikpura, S, N, M., Santo, A. and Hotta, Y. (2014). Assessing the climate co-benefits from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) recycling in Japan. Journal of Cleaner Production, 74(2): 183-190.
Kumar A., Dixit G. (2018). An analysis of barriers affecting the implementation of e-waste management practices in India: A novel ISM-DEMATEL approach. Sustainable Production and Consumption, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2018.01.002
Bhutta, M. K. S., Omar, A. Yang, X. (2011). Electronic waste: a growing concern in today's environment. Economics Research International, 2011.
Qian, W., Burritt, R., & Chen, J. (2016). The potential for environmental management accounting development in China. Journal of Accounting and Organizational Change, 11(1): 406–428. https://doi.org/10.1108/JAOC‐11‐2013‐0092
Hahn, R., Reimsbach, D., & Schiemann, F. (2015). Organizations, climate change, and transparency: Reviewing the literature on carbon disclosure. Organization and Environment, 28, 80–102. https://doi.org/1177/1086026615575542
Borghei, Z., Leung, P., & Guthrie, J. (2016). The nature of voluntary greenhouse gas disclosure—An explanation of the changing rationale: Australian evidence. Meditari Accountancy Research, 24, 111–133. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEDAR‐02‐2015‐0008
Welbeck, E. E. (2017). The influence of institutional environment on corporate responsibility disclosures in Ghana. Meditari Accountancy Research, 25(3): 216–240. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEDAR‐11‐2016‐0092
Seyedjavadin, S., Roshandel Arbatani, T., Nobari, A. (2017). Green Human Resource Management A Investment Approach and Sustainable Development. Journal of Investment Knowledge, 5(20), 297-327. (In Persian)
Sepasi, S., Esmaili Kejani, M. (2015). Green Accounting: A Model for Environmental Disclosure. Journal of Health Accounting, 4(1): 1-19. (In Persian)
Feger, C. and Mermet, L. (2017). A blueprint towards accounting for the management of ecosystems, Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 30(7): 1511-1536. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-12-2015-2360
Adams, C. and Larrinaga, C. (2019). Progress: engaging with organizations in pursuit of improved sustainability accounting and performance, Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 32(8): 2367-2394. https://doi.org/10.1108/AAAJ-03-2018-3399
Mehraban Poor, M, R., Jandaghi Ghomi, M., Eghdam, M., Eghdam, R., Ghorbani, H. (2016). Environmental Accounting, Journal of Accounting and Auditing Studies, 18 (2): 32-47. (In Persian)
Solovida, G. and Latan, H. (2017). Linking environmental strategy to environmental performance: Mediation role of environmental management accounting, Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 8(5): 595-619. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-08-2016-0046
Boyd, J. (1998). The Benefits of Improved Environmental Accounting: An Economic Framework to Identify Priorities, Resources for the Future, Available at: www.rff.org. [Online] [05 February 2014].
Herold, D. M. (2019). Has carbon disclosure become more transparent in the global logistics industry? An investigation of corporate carbon disclosure strategies between 2010 and 2015. Logistics, 2(4): 13-39. https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics2030013
Mata, C., Fialho, A., Eugénio, T. (2018). A Decade of Environmental Accounting Reporting: What we know?, Journal of Cleaner Production, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.07.087.
Liu, G., Yin, X., Pengue, W., Benetto, E. (2018). Donald Huisingh, Hans Schnitzer, Yutao Wang, Marco Casazza, Environmental accounting: in between raw data and information use for management practices, Journal of Cleaner Production, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.194
Akbari, A., Pourzamani, Z. (2018). The Firm Management Structure, Environmental Auditing and Financial Reporting Quality. Journal of Management Accounting and Auditing Knowledge, 7(26): 133-144. (In Persian)
Valiyan, H., Abdoli, M., Orooeyee, M. (2018). Designing of model of innovative environmental functions for the development of business functions with fuzzy approach (Case Study: Tehran Stock Exchange pharmaceutical companies). Sustainability, Development & Environment, 4(4): 61-43. (In Persian)
Malekiyan, H., Sancholi, M. (2017). Green Accounting, a Comprehensive and Comprehensive Tool in Green Supply Chain Management Information, Two Months Applied Studies in Management and Development Sciences, Second Year, 4(2): 106-97. (In Persian)
Sandelowski M, Barroso J. (2008). Creating met summaries of qualitative findings. Nursing Research, 52: 226-33.
Sadeghi-Fasaei, S., Naseri-Rad, M. (2012). Fundamental Elemen to of Qualitative Research in Social Sciences (Ontology, Epistemology, Methodology and Methods). Journal of Iranian Social Studies, 5(2): 78-98. (In Persian)
