تعیین باقیمانده سموم آلی کلره در رسوبات رودخانههای گوهر رود و زرجوب رشت وارزیابی خطرات آنها
الموضوعات :شهاب یوسف زاده 1 , ابراهیم اصغری کلجاهی 2 , نصیر عامل 3
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد ژئوشیمی،گروه علوم زمین، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
2 - دانشیار گروه علوم زمین، دانشکده علوم طبیعی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - دانشیار گروه علوم زمین، دانشکده علوم طبیعی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: خطر سرطانزایی, سموم ارگانوکلره, میکرواستخراج مایع- مایع, رسوبات رودخانه,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: در این پژوهش نمونههایی از رسوبات سطحی رودخانههای عبوری از شهر رشت برای بررسی و تعیین میزان 19 نوع سم ارگانوکلره (OCPs) با هدف مشخص نمودن پروفایل آلودگی، ویژگیهای توزیع، عوامل مؤثر و خطرات ناشی از سرطانزایی این ترکیبات برداشته و آزمایش شده است. آلایندههای آلی کلره (OCPs) با توجه به حضور درهمه بخشهای محیطی، پایداری و تجمع در محیط طبقهبندی شدهاند. سمیّت بالای آنها تهدیدی قابل توجه برای سلامت انسان و گونه های زیستی است. روش بررسی: شناسایی و تعیین غلظت سموم موجود در نمونه ها، از طریق روش میکرواستخراج مایع- مایع و سپس تجزیه و تحلیل توسط دستگاه کروماتوگرافی گازی یونیزاسیون شعله (GC-FID) و ترسیم منحنی کالیبراسیون استاندارد خارجی سموم ارگانوکلره انجام شده است. یافته ها: بر اساس نتایج آنالیزها، غلظت کلی سموم ارگانوکلره در نمونه های رسوب رودخانه های مورد مطالعه در محدوده ng/g 6/2-2/60 با میانگین ng/g20 است. منابع عمده آلودگی مربوط به هپتاکلر HCHs ،DDTs و Endosulfans بوده و بیشترین آلایش مربوط به آلاینده غالب ایزومر DDE دررسوبات رودخانه پیربازار است. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج نشان میدهد که میزان متفاوتی از ورودیهای جدید و مصارف گذشته در منطقه وجود داشته است. تجزیه و تحلیل منابع بالقوه نشان داده که وقوع سطوح بالای باقیمانده DDTs و HCHsبه کاربرد وسیع این سموم در گذشته باز میگردد.
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- Li, Y. Niu, j. Shen, Z. Zhang, C. Wang, Z. He, T., 2014, Spatial and seasonal distribution of organochlorine pesticides in the sediments of the Yangtze Estuary, Chemosphere 114, 233-240
- Gaber, S., 2014, Developing a Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector Analytical Method for the Analysis of Organochlorine Pesticides Residues, World Applied Sciences Journal 31 (11), 1911-1916
- Cortada, C. Vidal, L. Pastor, R. Santiago, N. Canals, A., 2009, Determination of organochlorine pesticides in water samples by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled to gas chromatography–mass Spectrometry, Analytica Chimica Acta, 649, 218–2212
- Taheri, K., Bahramifar, N., Moradi, H., 2013, The study of concentration and sources of HCH isomers in the Ghaemshahr Siahroud sediments, Journal of Environmental studies, 40(1), 260-269. (In Persian)
- Yang, B. Han, B. Xue, n. Zhou, L. Li1, F., 2015, Air–soil exchange of organochlorine pesticides in a sealed chamber, journal of environmental sciences, No. 27, 241–250
- Eskandari, M., 2011, Feasibility and evaluation of sewerage water using in the irrigation with nano-technology, Final report, Gilan Regional Water Authority, Academic center for education and culture and research of Tarbiat Modarres university.(In Persian)
- Khaledian, M., Motamed, M., Rezaei, M., Ghareh-Sheikh-Bayat, M. and Maleknia, B., 2014, Effects of heavy metals concentration of irrigation water from different sources on the contamination of paddy field soil, Journal of Water and Soil Conservation, 21(4), 275-284. (In Persian)
- Sultana, J., Hussain Syed, J., Mahmood, A., Ali, u., Abdur Rehman, M. A., Naseem Malik, R., Li, J., Zhang, G., 2014, Investigation of organochlorine pesticides from the Indus Basin, Pakistan: Sources, air–soil exchange fluxes and risk assessment,Science of the Total Environment, No. 497-498, 113-122
- Hu, J. Fu, L. Zhao, X. Liu, X. Wang, H.Wang, X. Dai, L., 2009, Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with gas chromatography-electron capture detection for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in soils, Analytica Chimica Acta 640, 100-105.
- Moinfar, S. Milani Hosseini, M., 2009, Development of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method for the analysis of organophosphorus pesticides in tea, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 169, 907-911.
- Wang, X. Zhao, X. Liu, X. Li, Y. Fu, L. Jia Hu. Huang, C., 2008, Homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction combined with gas chromatography-electron capture detector for the determination pesticide, analytica chimica acta 620, 162–169
- Qu, C. Qi, S. Yang, D. Huang, H. Zhang, J. Chen, W. Keleta Yohannes, H. Hinga Sandy, E. Yang, J. Xing, X., 2014, Risk assessment and influence factors, southeast China, Journal of Geochemical Exploration
- Yu, Y., Li, Y., Shen, Z., Yang, Z., Mo, L., Kong, Y., Lou, I., 2014, Occurrence and possible sources of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), China,Chemosphere, 114, 136-143
- Manz, M., Wenzel, K. D., Dietze, U. D., Sch¨u¨urmann, G., 2001, Persistent organic pollutants in agricultural soils of central Germany, The Science of the Total Environment, 277, 187-198
- Javedankheradi, E., Esmaeili Sari, A., Bahramifar, N., 2011, Investigation of Persistent Organic Pollutants Residue in Sediments of International Anzali Wetland, Iran, Journal of Environmental Studies, 37(57), 35 - 44. (In Persian)
- Ritter, L., Solomon, K. R., Forget, J., 2012, persistent organic pollutants, Canadian Network of Toxicology Centres
- Marco Mahugija, J. A., Henkelmann, B., Schramm, K. W., 2014, Levels, compositions and distributions of organochlorine pesticide residues in soil 5-14 years after clean-up, Chemosphere, 117, 330–337
- Fan, A. N., Alexeeff, T. V., 1999, Public Health Goal for Heptachlor and Heptachlor Epoxide in Drinking Water, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment California Environmental Protection Agency.