بررسی روند و الگوی توزیع مکانی کیفیت آب زیرزمینی با استفاده از شاخصهای کیفی آب (مطالعه موردی دشت همدان-بهار)
الموضوعات :عاطفه نورکی 1 , عبدالرحیم هوشمند 2
1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران.
2 - دانشیار گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز . *(مسوول مکاتبات)
الکلمات المفتاحية: تخمینگر شیب سن, پهنهبندی, آزمون من-کندال, شاخص کیفی آب, دشت همدان-بهار,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: امروزه آگاهی از کیفیت منابع آب زیرزمینی، روند و بررسی تغییرات مکانی آن در برنامه ریزی و مدیریت پایدار منابع آب از اهمیت ویژه ای برخوردار است. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی تغییرات مکانی و زمانی کیفیت آب زیرزمینی، انتخاب بهترین شاخص و پهنه بندی آن جهت مدیریت منابع آب زیرزمینی دشت همدان-بهار است. روش بررسی: در این پژوهش به منظور بررسی روند تغییرات پارامترهای کیفی آب، محاسبه شاخص های کیفی و پهنه بندی آن از داده های کیفیت شیمیایی دشت همدان-بهار در بازه زمانی 1384 تا 1393 استفاده شد. پارامترهای شیمیایی آب شاملTDS ، Na، SO4، THو pHدر 25 حلقه چاه اندازه گیری شد و با به کارگیری دو آزمون غیرپارامتری من-کندال و تخمین گر شیب سن، وجود روند معنی دار برای سری زمانی سالانه در سطح معنی داری 95 و 99 درصد مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. همچنین شاخص های کیفیت آب (WQI، WQIAmerican وCWQI) به صورت سالیانه محاسبه و از روش مقایسه ای جیل جانویک برای مقایسه شاخص های مورد نظر استفاده شد. سپس به وسیله ی سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS)، مناسب ترین روش درون یابی جهت پهنه بندی بهترین شاخص کیفی آب از میان روش های درون یابی معین (IDW، RBF، LPI و GPI) انتخاب شد. یافته ها: نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که 4 درصد از متغیرهای کیفی دارای روند افزایشی معنی دار، 12درصد دارای روند کاهشی معنی دار و 84 درصد بدون روند بوده اند. براساس شرایط موجود کیفیت آب زیرزمینی دشت همدان-بهار با استفاده از شاخص های WQI، WQIAmerican و CWQI به ترتیب در طبقه خوب، خوب و بد قرار داشت. بحث و نتیجه گیری: براساس نتایج حاصل از مقایسه روش های مختلف درون یابی، روش RBF نسبت به روش های دیگر برتری داشت و از دقت بالا و خطای پایینی برخوردار بوده است لذا درون یابی با این روش صورت گرفت. در پایان مقایسه نقشه های پهنه بندی مکانی شاخص WQI نشان داد که در ابتدا و انتهای دوره آماری 10 ساله مورد بررسی میزان شاخص در کل سطح دشت یک روند کاهشی دارد.
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- Zare Abyane, H., Bayat Varkeshi, M., Maruofi, S. 2012. Investigation groundwaterfluctuations in Malayer Plain. J. Soil Water Sci; 22: 2. 173-190. (In Persian)
- Dinpasho, Y., Fakhari Fard, A., Hassanpoor, M A., Beheshtee Vayghan, V., 2015. Trend analysis of groundwater quality of Shabestar - Soofan Plain. Irrigation Science and Engineering; 38(1):55-69. (In Persian)
- Sen P.K., 1968. Estimates of the regression coefficient based on Kendall's tau, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 63:1379-1389
- Delbari, M., Podine, A., 2018. Study of the trend and pattern of spatial distribution of groundwater quality in Khash study area. Journal of the Geographic Space Quarterly, Vol. 63, PP. 25-50. (In Persian)
- Bayat-Varkeshi, M., Fasihi, R., 2018. Monitoring of groundwater quality changes trend in four plains of Gilan province during a 12-year period. Journal of the Health & Environ, Vol. 10, PP. 547-558(in Persian).
- Rezai- moghadam, M., Nicjo, M., Hejazi, M., Khezri, S., Kazemi, A., 2017. The effect of hydrogeomorphological factors on water quality changes in Siminrood river in different stations during the years 2003-2013. Journal of the Ecochydrology.Vol. 2, PP.395-405. (In Persian)
- Khalaaji, M., Ebrahimi, E., Hasheminejad, h., 2017. Water Quality Assessment of Zayande-Rood’s Dam Lakeusing Water Qualitative Index in 2013. J. Water and Soil Sci. Vol. 21. PP. 265-277. (In Persian)
- Alipor, A., Rahimi, J., Azarnivand, A., 2017. Evaluation of groundwater quality for drinking and agricultural purposes-Pre-requisite for planning of land use planning in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran. Journal of the Pasture and Watershed Management. Vol, 2. PP. 423-434. (In Persian)
- Navabian, M., Yousfi, S., Esmaeli Voraki, M., Ghodsi, M. First National Conference on Water and Agriculture Resource Challenges, Iranian Irrigation and Drainage Association, Islamic Azad University of Khorasgan. 2012. (In Persian)
- Adeli, B., Mohamadi, H., Sadodin, A., Bazrafshan, A., Armin, A., 2018. Qualitative and quantitative assessment of groundwater aquifers using the WQI method and the Man-Kendall test (case study: Sarkhoon plain, Hormozgan province). Journal of the Ecochydrology, Vol 3. PP. 801-811. (In Persian)
- Hamidian, L., Meraji, H., Fijani, A., Betalebloii, S., 2017. Assessment of groundwater quality in Bushehr province using water quality index. Journal of the Hydrogeology. Vol, 2. PP. 31-44. (In Persian)
- Samson, M. G. Swaminathan and N. Venkat Kumar. 2010. Assessing groundwater quality for potability using fuzzy logic and GIS- A case study for Tiruchirappalli City- India. Comp. Model. And New Technols. 14(2):58-68
- Ahmadi, M., Hoshmand, A., 2018. Evaluation of Corrosion and Scaling Potential of Groundwater in Dezful-Andimeshk Plain Using Geostatistical Methods. Journal of the Iran-Water Resources Research. Vol, 14. PP. 263-267. (In Persian)
- Normohamadi, S., Tajbakhsh, M., Memarian, H., 2017. Investigation of the effect of precipitation element on groundwater resources using spatio-temporal spatial analysis of drought (Case study: Mashhad plain in Kashfrud River basin), Journal of the Geography and geography and environmental hazards. Vol. 6. PP.19-44. (In Persian)
- Talebiniya, M., Khosravi, H., & Zohrabi, S. (2019). Assessing the ground water quality for pressurized irrigation systems in Kerman Province, Iran using GIS. Sustainable Water Resources Management, 1-10.
- Muzenda, F., Masocha, M., & Misi, S. N. 2019. Groundwater quality assessment using a water quality index and GIS: A case of Ushewokunze Settlement, Harare, Zimbabwe. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C
- Mann, H.B., 1945. Nonparametric tests against trend, Econometrica. 13:245-259
- Kendall, M.G., 1975. Rank Correlation Methods. Griffin, London, UK.
- Tiwari, T N., Mishra, M A., 1985. A preliminary assignment of water quality index of major Indian rivers. Journal of Environ Proc 5:276- 279
- Khan, A.A., Paterson, R., and Khan, H. 2004. Modification and application of the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment water quality index (CCMEWQI) for the communication of drinking water quality data in Newfoundland and Labrador, Water Quality Research Journal of Canada, 39, pp 285–293.
- Bahmani, O., Zali, A., 2018. Investigation and determination of spatial distribution of nitrate and electrical conductivity in groundwater using ground-based method (Case study: Kaboodarahang Plain).Quarterly Journal of Environmental Science and Technology.
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