• الصفحة الرئيسية
  • ارزیابی مخاطرات زیست‌محیطی استفاده از مواد یخ‌زدا در عملیات زمستانی (مطالعه کیفیت هیدروشیمیایی آبخوان دشت همدان-بهار)

شارک

عنوان URL للمقالة


رقم المقالة : JEST-1807-4383 (R3) زيارة : 157 الصفحة: 181 - 198

10.22034/jest.2021.38006.4383

نوع المخطوط: ابحاث

ارزیابی مخاطرات زیست‌محیطی استفاده از مواد یخ‌زدا در عملیات زمستانی (مطالعه کیفیت هیدروشیمیایی آبخوان دشت همدان-بهار)

الموضوعات :

امیر جمشیدی 1 , امیررضا گودرزی 2 , پریسا رزم‌آرا 3

1 - دانشجوی دوره دکتری مهندسی محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد همدان، همدان، ایران.
2 - دانشیار، گروه عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد همدان همدان، ایران. *(مسئول مکاتبات)
3 - استادیار، گروه عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد همدان، همدان، ایران.

تاريخ الإرسال : 15 السبت , ذو القعدة, 1439 تاريخ التأكيد : 01 الأربعاء , جمادى الثانية, 1440 تاريخ الإصدار : 05 الثلاثاء , صفر, 1442

الکلمات المفتاحية: عملیات زمستانی, مواد یخ‌زدا, آلودگی منابع آب زیرزمینی, مخاطرات اکولوژیکی, همدان,

ملخص المقالة :

زمینه و هدف: با وجود کاربرد گسترده مواد یخ زدا در معابر، پسآب حاصل از آن می تواند به اکوسیستم آسیب وارد نماید. لذا هدف از پژوهش حاضر، ارزیابی تاثیر نمک پاشی در عملیات زمستانی محدوده شهری همدان بر کیفیت آب های زیرزمینی منطقه است. همدان از مراکز مهم گردشگری و جزء قطب های کشاورزی ایران بوده و آلودگی منابع آب آن سلامت کل کشور را به خطر می اندازد. روش بررسی: مدل سازی جریان های زیرسطحی محدوده مورد مطالعه نشان می دهد حرکت پسآب های حاصل از بارش در سطح شهر عمدتاً به سمت آبخوان دشت همدان-بهار (به عنوان یکی از منابع اصلی تأمین آب شرب و کشاورزی منطقه) است. لذا با انتخاب 24 ایستگاه در نواحی مختلف این آبخوان و انجام نمونه گیری طی ده سال گذشته (1386، 1395)، مشخصات هیدورشیمیایی آنها اندازه گیری و روند تغییرات تجزیه و تحلیل شد. یافته ها: نتایج بیانگر افزایش تدریجی املاح و مواد جامد محلول در آب زیرزمینی دشت بوده که با توجه به همبستگی معنادار (89/0R2 ≥) بین شوری و غلظت سدیم و کلر، علت آن ناشی از مجاورت با مواد یخ زدا ارزیابی شد. میزان مواد آلاینده در تعدادی از چاه ها فراتر از حد مجاز استاندارد ملی و رهنمودهای بین المللی بوده و بعضاً تا 10 برابر مقدار مطلوب برای شرب است. بر پایه معیار ویلکوکس، آب اغلب ایستگاه ها در محدوده C3S1 (باعث کاهش توان حاصل خیزی خاک و اختلال اکوفیزیولوژیکی در محصولات زراعی) و حتی برخی از موارد در رده C4S1 (کاملاً مضر برای آبیاری) می باشد. همچنین توزیع مشابهی از پراکندگی ترکیبات یخ زدا و میزان آرسنیک در جریان های زیرسطحی دشت مشاهده شد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: روند انباشت آلودگی و افت شاخص های هیدروشیمیایی در آبخوان مورد مطالعه بر اثر تماس با مواد یخ زدا، علاوه بر آثار مستقیم مخرب بر سلامتی افراد و زمین های کشاورزی، تهدیدی خطرناک برای افزایش تحرک فلزات سنگین در پیکره های خاکی-آبی منطقه به شمار می رود. لذا بایستی با اتخاد شیوه های نوین، مانند: برنامه پیشگیرانه مقابله با یخ زدگی، مواد یخ زدای دوست دار طبیعت، آسفالت حاوی ترکیبات ضدیخ و روسازی با سیستم گرمایشی، عملیات زمستانی شهر همدان با حداقل تاثیرات منفی زیست محیطی صورت پذیرد.

المصادر:


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  8. Stets EG, Lee CJ, Lytle DA, Schock MR. (2018). Increasing chloride in rivers of the conterminous US and linkages to potential corrosivity and lead action level exceedances in drinking water. Science of  The Total Environment, 613, 1498-1509.
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    44.




 

 

 

 

 
_||_

  1. Zítková J, Hegrová J, Anděl P. (2018). Bioindication of road salting impact on Norway spruce (Picea abies). Transportation Research Part D, 59, 58-67.
    2.
  2. Chen J, Ma X, Wang H, Xie P, Huang W. (2018). Experimental study on anti-icing and deicing performance of polyurethane concrete as road surface layer. Construction and Building Materials, 161, 598-605.
    3.
  3. Kolesar KR, Mattson CN, Peterson PK, May NW, Prendergast RK, Pratt KA (2018). Increases in wintertime PM2.5 sodium and chloride linked to snowfall and road salt application. Atmospheric Environment, 177, 195-202.
    4.
  4. Wyman DA, Koretsky CM. (2018). Effects of road salt deicers on an urban groundwater-fed kettle lake. Applied Geochemistry, 89, 265-272.
    5.
  5. Lee BD, Choi YS, Kim YG, Kim IS, Yang EI. (2017). A comparison study of performance and environmental impacts of chloride-based deicers and eco-label certified deicers in South Korea. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 143, 43-51.
    6.
  6. Robinson HK, Hasenmueller EA. (2017). Transport of road salt contamination in karst aquifers and soils over multiple timescales. Science of The Total Environment, 603, 94-108.
    7.
  7. Oh SJ, Choi GG, Kim JS. (2017). Production of acetic acid-rich bio-oils from the fast pyrolysis of biomass and synthesis of calcium magnesium acetate deicer. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 124, 122-129.
    8.
  8. Stets EG, Lee CJ, Lytle DA, Schock MR. (2018). Increasing chloride in rivers of the conterminous US and linkages to potential corrosivity and lead action level exceedances in drinking water. Science of  The Total Environment, 613, 1498-1509.
    9.
  9. Coldsnow KD, Mattes BM, Hintz WD, Relyea RA. (2017). Rapid evolution of tolerance to road salt in zooplankton. Environmental pollution, 222, 367-373.
    10.
  10. Novotny, EV, Murphy, D, Stefan, HG. (2008). Increase of urban lake salinity by road deicing salt. Science of the Total Environment, 406(1-2), 131-144.
    11.
  11. Thunqvist, EL. (2004). Regional increase of mean chloride concentration in water due to the application of deicing salt. Science of the total environment, 325, 29-37.
    12.
  12. Hintz WD, Relyea RA. (2017). Impacts of road deicing salts on the early-life growth and development of a stream salmonid: Salt type matters. Environmental pollution, 223, 409-415.
    13.
  13. Mohammadi S, Panahi F. (2017). Evaluation of the effect of de-icing salt along snowy road on vegetation composition and diversity (Case Study: mountain road of Godar Kafanooieh of Baft as the roof of Iranian desert). Iranian J. of Ecohydrology, 4, 509-521. (In Persian)
    14.
  14. Prosser RS, Rochfort Q, McInnis R, Exall K, Gillis PL. (2017). Assessing the toxicity and risk of salt-impacted winter road runoff to the early life stages of freshwater mussels in the Canadian province of Ontario. Environmental Pollution,  230, 589-597.
    15.
  15. Nasri HR, Nadafiyan H. (2008). Modeling of nitrate pollutant transfer of groundwater in the range of drinking water wells of Hamadan. Iranian Journal of Geology, 2(6), 87-98. (In Persian)
    16.
  16. Zare Abyaneh H, Bayat Varkeshi M, Akhavan S, Mohammadi M. (2011). Estimation of Nitrate in Hamedan-Bahar Plain Groundwater Using Artificial Neural Network and the Effect of Data Resolution on prediction Accuracy. Journal of Environmental study, 37, 129-140. (In Persian)
    17.
  17. Wilde FD, Radtke DB, Gibs J, Iwatsubo RT. (1998). National field manual for the collection of water-quality data. US Geological Survey Techniques in Water-Resources Investigations, Book 9.
    18.
  18. American Society for Testing and Materials (2014). Book of standards volume: 11.01.
    19.
  19. Perera N, Gharabaghi B, Howard K. (2013). Groundwater chloride response in the Highland Creek watershed due to road salt application: A re-assessment after 20 years. Journal of Hydrology, 479, 159-168.
    20.
  20. Müller, B. and Gächter, R., (2012). Increasing chloride concentrations in Lake Constance: characterization of sources and estimation of loads. Aquatic sciences, 74, 101-112.
    21.
  21. Bäckström, M., Karlsson, S., Bäckman, L., Folkeson, L. and Lind, B., (2004). Mobilisation of heavy metals by deicing salts in a roadside environment. Water research, 38, 720-732.
    22.
  22. Schuler M., Relyea R.A. (2017). A Review of the Combined Threats of Road Salts and Heavy Metals to Freshwater Systems. BioScience, 68, 327-335.
    23.
  23. Wu J, Kim H. (2017). Impacts of road salts on leaching behavior of lead contaminated soil. J. of hazardous materials, 324: 291-297.
    24.
  24. Sun H, Alexander J, Gove B, Koch M. (2015). Mobilization of arsenic, lead, and mercury under conditions of sea water intrusion and road deicing salt application. Contaminant Hydrology, 180, 12-24.
    25.
  25. Touzandejani M, Soffianian A, Mirghaffari N, Soleimani M. (2017). Assessment of Arsenic Contamination Probability of Groundwater in Hamedan-Bahar Basin Using Geostatistical Methods. Journal of Water and Soil, 31, 874-885 (Persian).
    26.
  26. Ministry of Energy of Iran (2010). Environmental Criteria of Treated Waste Water and Return Flow Reuse No. 535.
    27.
  27. Acharya S, Sharma SK, Khandegar V. (2018). Assessment of groundwater quality by water quality indices for irrigation and drinking in South West Delhi, India. Data in Brief, 18, 2019-2028.
    28.
  28. Koretsky, C. M., MacLeod, A., Sibert, R. J., & Snyder, C. (2012). Redox stratification and salinization of three kettle lakes in southwest Michigan, USA. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 223(3), 1415-1427.
    29.
  29. Garg VK, Suthar S, Singh S, Sheoran A, Jain S. (2009). Drinking water quality in villages of southwestern Haryana, India: assessing human health risks associated with hydrochemistry. Environmental Geology, 58(6): 1329-1340.
    30.
  30. Goodarzi AR, Salimi M. (2015). Stabilization treatment of a dispersive clayey soil using granulated blast furnace slag and basic oxygen furnace slag. Applied Clay Science, 108, 61-69.
    31.
  31. Cunningham MA, Snyder E, Yonkin D, Ross M, Elsen T. (2008). Accumulation of deicing salts in soils in an urban environment. Urban Ecosystems, 11, 17-31.
    32.
  32. World Health Organization (2017). Guideline for drinking-water quality: 4th edition, ISBN 978-92-4-154995-0.
    33.
  33. Baek MJ, Yoon TJ, Kim DG, Lee CY, Cho K, Bae YJ. (2014). Effects of Road Deicer Runoff on Benthic Macroinvertebrate Communities in Korean Freshwaters with Toxicity Tests of Calcium Chloride (CaCl2). Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 225(6), 1961.
    34.
  34. ISIRI 1053. Drinking water-Physical and chemical specifications,. 5th Revision: ICS:13.060.020 (Persian).
    35.
  35. Iqbal J, Nazzal Y, Howari F, Xavier C, Yousef A. (2018). Hydrochemical processes determining the groundwater quality for irrigation use in an arid environment: The case of Liwa Aquifer, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 7, 212-219.
    36.
  36. Fay L, Shi X. (2012). Environmental impacts of chemicals for snow and ice control: state of the knowledge. Water. Air, & Soil Pollution, 223, 2751-2770.
    37.
  37. Farokhneshat F, Rahmani AR, Samadi MT, Soltanian AR. (2016). Non-Carcinogenic Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal of Lead, Chromium and Zinc in Drinking Water Supplies of Hamadan in Winter 2015. Sci. J. of Hamadan University of Medical Sci., 23, 25-33.
    38.
  38. Rahmani AR, Sedehi M. (2005). Predication of groundwater level changes in the plain of Hamedan-Bahar using time series model. Journal of Water and Wastewater, 15, 42-49. (InPersian)
    39.
  39. Munck IA, Bennett CM, Camilli KS, Nowak RS. (2010). Long-term impact of de-icing salts on tree health in the Lake Tahoe Basin: Environmental influences and interactions with insects and diseases. Forest ecology and management, 260, 1218-1229.
    40.
  40. Swedish Environmetal Protection Agency (2000). Environmental Quality Criteria for Groundwater Report 5051.
    41.
  41. Sun, W., Lu, G., Ye, C., Chen, S., Hou, Y., Wang, D., ... Oeser M. (2018). The State of the Art: Application of Green Technology in Sustainable Pavement. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, Article ID 9760464, 1-19.‏
    42.
  42. Comité technique 2.4 (2015). Snow and Ice databook 2014. ISBN : 978-2-84060-355-9.
    43.
  43. Mirzanamadi R, Hagentoft CE, Johansson P, Johnsson J. (2018). Anti-icing of road surfaces using hydronic heating pavement with low temperature. Cold regions science and technology, 145, 106-118.‏
    44.




 

 

 

 

 

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