تعیین پراکنش مکانی برخی عناصر سنگین خاک و تأثیر آن بر عملکرد گیاه سویا در منطقه ساری
الموضوعات :
فاطمه تقوی قاسمخیلی
1
,
همت اله پیردشتی
2
,
مصطفی عمادی
3
,
محمدعلی تاجیک قنبری
4
1 - دانش آموخته دکتری رشته زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری.
2 - استاد، گروه زراعت، پژوهشکده ژنتیک و زیستفناوری کشاورزی طبرستان، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری . *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - دانشیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری.
4 - دانشیار گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری.
تاريخ الإرسال : 24 الأحد , رجب, 1437
تاريخ التأكيد : 04 الأربعاء , محرم, 1438
تاريخ الإصدار : 28 السبت , جمادى الثانية, 1444
الکلمات المفتاحية:
اجزای عملکرد,
عناصر سنگین,
پراکنش مکانی,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: آلودگی خاک به عناصر سنگین بهعنوان یکی از عوارض مهم بههم خوردن تعادل و توازن طبیعت، در چند دهه گذشته مورد توجه پژوهشگران زیادی قرار گرفته است. لذا، این پژوهش بهمنظور بررسی احتمال آلودگی برخی عناصر سنگین در خاک محدوده کارخانه ام دی اف سازی واقع در شهرستان ساری و تأثیر آن بر عملکرد گیاه سویا انجام انجام گرفته است.
روش بررسی: این پژوهش در تابستان 1393 در یک مزرعه سویا با وسعت 3600 متر مربع در مجاورت کارخانه امدیافسازی (آرین سینا) شهرستان ساری انجام شد. برای این منظور، در منطقهای به وسعت 3600 متر مربع، 32 نمونه خاک از 16 نقطه (عمق 15-0 و 30-15 سانتیمتر) و 48 نمونه گیاهی جمعآوری شد. پس از انتقال نمونهها به آزمایشگاه مقادیر قابل جذب عناصر سنگین خاک اندازهگیری گردید. همبستگی بین عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد با مقادیر عناصر سنگین نیز صورت گرفت.
یافتهها: با توجه به نقشه پراکنش عناصر و رگرسیون گام به گام، مشخص شد عنصر کادمیوم تأثیر معنیداری بر افزایش تعداد غلاف پوک در بوته داشت بهگونهای که با افزایش هر واحد کادمیوم، تعداد غلاف پوک در بوته بهمیزان 5/0 عدد در هر واحد افزایش یافت. همچنین برهمکنش معنی داری بین دو عنصر کادمیوم و آهن در کاهش وزن هزار دانه مشاهده شد. بر همین اساس، بیشترین وزن هزار دانه (131 گرم) در نقاطی با کمترین غلظت کادمیوم و آهن مشاهده شد. همچنین با رویهم اندازی نقشه پراکنش عنصر روی و تعداد دانه پوک در بوته مشخص گردید که این صفت بیشتر تحت کنترل عنصر روی قرار دارد، بهطوریکه با افزایش هر واحد روی در خاک، تعداد دانه پوک در بوته 53/0 واحد افزایش نشان داد.
بحث و نتیجهگیری: در مجموع، با تعیین نقشه پراکنش عناصر سنگین و تطبیق آن با عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گیاه میتوان به شناسایی مناطق آلوده و عوامل مؤثر در کنترل و گسترش فلزات سنگین در خاکها و بررسی اثرات آنها بر عملکرد گیاه پرداخت.
المصادر:
Mosavi, E., Safianian, A., Mirghafari, N., Khodakarami, L. 2011. Investigating the spatial distribution of some heavy metals in the soils of Hamadan province. Iranian Journal of Soil Research, Vol. 25, issue 4, pp. 323-336. (In Persian)
Szynkowska, M.I., Pawlaczyk, A., Leśniewska, E., Paryjczak, T. 2009. Toxic metal distribution in rural and urban soil samples affected by industry and traffic. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, Vol. 18, issue 6, pp. 1141-1150.
Azimzadeh, B. Khademi, H. 2013. Estimation of background concentration of selected heavy metals for pollution assessment of surface soils of Mazandaran province, Iran. Journal of Water and Soil, Vol. 27, issue 3, pp. 548-559. (In Persian)
Mahmood Soltani, Sh. 2013. Heavy metals (kind and amount) in Zarjoob River and their effects on rice and paddy soils under its irrigation. Journal of Water and Soil Conservation, Vol. 20, issue 3, pp. 153-171. (In Persian)
Hu, U., Liu, X., Bai, J., Shih, K., Zeng, E.Y., Cheng, H., 2013. Assessing heavy metal pollution in the surface soils of a region that had undergone three decades of intense industrialization and urbanization. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Vol. 20, pp. 6150-6159.
Jalali, Gh., tehrani, M.M., Boromand, N., Sanjari, S. 2013. Comparison of geostatistical methods in preparing the spatial distribution map of some food elements in the east of Mazandaran province. Iranian Journal of Soil Research, Vol. 27, issue 2, pp. 195-204. (In Persian)
Barati, S., Mirghaffari, N., Soffianian, A., Khodakarami, L. 2012. Spatial Distribution of Chromium, Cobalt and Nickel in the Surface Soils of Hamadan Province. Journal of Natural Environment, Iranian Journal of Natural Resources, Vol. 65, issue 3, pp. 283-295. (In Persian)
Jalali, Gh., Malakouti, M.J., tehrani, M.M., Ghasemi Dehkordi, V.R. 2011. Investigating the spatial distribution of zinc element and determining its critical limit for soybeans in the east of Mazandaran province. Journal of soil research (soil and water sciences). Iranian Journal of Soil Research, Vol. 25, issue 3, pp. 177-186. (In Persian)
Jiachun, S., Haizhen, W., Jianming, X., Jianjun, W., Xingmei, L., Haiping, Z., 2007. Spatial distribution of heavy metal in soil: A case study of changing. China: Environmental Geology, Vol. 52, pp. 1-10.
McGrath, D., Zhang, C., Carton, O.T., 2004. Geostatistical analysis and hazard assessment on soil lead in Silvermines area, Ireland. Environmental Pollution, Vol. 127, pp. 239–248.
Nwachukwu, J.I., Mgbeahuruike, L.U., Dike, M.U., Tony-Njoku, R.F., 2014. Spatial distribution of heavy metals in sediments from Imo River Owerrinta Environs Imo State Nigeria. Global Journal of Current Research, Vol. 2, issue 3, pp. 64-69.
Rahman, S.H., Khanam, D., Adyel, T.M., Shahidul Islam, M., Aminul Ahsan, M., Ahedul Akbor, M., 2012. Assessment of heavy metal contamination of agricultural soil around Dhaka Export Processing Zone (DEPZ), Bangladesh: Implication of seasonal variation and indices. Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, pp. 584-601.
Zhongping, Y., Wenxi, L., Yuqiao, L., Xinhua, B., Qingchun, Y., 2011. Assessment of heavy metals contamination in urban topsoil from Changchun City, China. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, Vol. 108, pp. 27–38.
Mahmoudi, Sh., Mohammadi, J., and Naderi, M. 2013. Statistical and spatial distribution of some heavy metals in surface soil particle size fractions in South of Isfahan. Journal of Water and Soil Conservation, Vol. 20 issue 2, pp. 1-22. (In Persian)
Nourzadeh Haddad, M., Mahdian, M., Malakouti, M.j. 2013. Efficiency comparison of some geostatistical methods for investigating spatial variability of micro nutrients in agricultural lands, case study: Hamadan Province. Vol. 23 issue 1, pp. 71-81. (In Persian)
Mueller, T.G., Pusuluri, N.B., Mathias, K.K., Cornelius, P.L., Barnhisel, R.I., 2004. Site-specific soil fertility management a model for map quality. Soil Science Society of America Journal, Vol. 68, pp. 2031-2041.
Virgilio, N.D., Monti, A., Venturi, G., 2007. Spatial variability of switchgrass (PanicumvirgatumL.) yield as related to soil parameters in a small field. Field Crops Reseach, Vol. 101, pp. 232–239.
Acosta, J.A., Faz Cano, A., Arocena, J.M., Debela, F., Martinez-Martinez, S., 2009. Distribution of metals in soil particle size fractions and its implication to risk assessment of playgrounds in Murcia City (Spain). Geoderma, Vol. 149, pp. 101-109.
Amooaghaie, R., Marefat, E., habani, L. 2012. Interaction of salicylic acid and cadmium on growth, photosynthetic pigments and ion distrubiution in arial parts of soybean plantlets. Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology). Vol. 4, issue 14, pp. 75-88. (In Persian)
Lindsay, W.L., Norvell, W.A., 1978. Development of a DTPA test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Soil Science Society of American Journal, Vol. 42, pp. 421-428.
Zeng, F., Shafaqat, A., Haitao, Z., Younan, o., Boyin, Q., Feibo, W., Guoping, Z., 2011. The influence of pH and organic matter content in paddy soil on heavy metal availability and their uptake by rice plants. Environmental Pollution, pp. 84-91.
Asadi Kangarshahi, A., Cherati, A., Malakouti, M.J. 2004. Determining the critical limit of manganese under greenhouse conditions and its effect on soybean growth and yield. Journal of Water and Soil Science, Vol. 18 issue 2, pp. 154-164. (In Persian)
Feyzollahzade Ardabili, M. Karimian, N., Kasraei, R., Malakouti, M.J. 2001. Determining suitable extraction methods and critical concentration of manganese for soybeans in greenhouse studies in a number of soils in the south and southwest of Tehran province. The 7th Congress of Soil Sciences of Iran, Shahrekord, Iran. (In Persian)
Asadi Kangarshahi, A., Malakouti, M.J. Zinc calibration in the field and its effects on soybean yield. 2003. Journal of Water and Soil Science, Vol. 17 issue 2, pp. 117-124. (In Persian)
Kuklova, M., Kukla, J., Hnilicka, F., 2010. Soil-to-herbs transfer of heavy metals in spruce ecosystems. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, Vol. 19, Issue 6, pp. 1263-1268.
Rizk, A.H., Zaazaa, E.I., Shawer, S.S., 2014. Effect of cadmium on yield, nutrient contents and toxicity tolerance of some rice varieties. Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 4, pp. 1110-1117.
Mosivand, M., Khorgami, A., Rafiei, M. 2009. Investigating the effect of iron concentration on growth and yield components in different soybean genotypes. Crop Physiology Journal, 1 issue 4, pp. 35-45. (In Persian)
Naghavi, F., Iranbakhsh, A., Majd, A. 2011. Investigation of the effect of zinc and lead toxicity on some physiological parameters of soybean (Glycine max). Journal of Plant and Ecosystem, Vol. 7. issue 28, pp. 81-97. (In Persian)
Delavar, M.A., Safari, Y., 2016. Spatial distribution of heavy metals in soils and plants in Zinc Town, northwest Iran. International Journal of Environment Science and Technology, Vol. 13, pp. 297–306.
30. Zhanga, C.,Yao, J., Zhuc, C., Zhua, M., Sun, J., 2016. Soil heavy metal contamination and microbial ecological risk assessment- a case study. Chemical Engineering Transactions, Vol. 51, pp. 307-312.
Alyazichi, Y.M., Jones, B.G., McLean, E.J., 2015. Spatial distribution of heavy metal contaminations in Yowie Bay sediments and their environmental Impacts. Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, Vol. 196, pp. 363-374.
Sun, R., Chen, L., 2016. Assessment of heavy metal pollution in topsoil around Beijing Metropolis. Plos One, pp. 1-13.
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Mosavi, E., Safianian, A., Mirghafari, N., Khodakarami, L. 2011. Investigating the spatial distribution of some heavy metals in the soils of Hamadan province. Iranian Journal of Soil Research, Vol. 25, issue 4, pp. 323-336. (In Persian)
Szynkowska, M.I., Pawlaczyk, A., Leśniewska, E., Paryjczak, T. 2009. Toxic metal distribution in rural and urban soil samples affected by industry and traffic. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, Vol. 18, issue 6, pp. 1141-1150.
Azimzadeh, B. Khademi, H. 2013. Estimation of background concentration of selected heavy metals for pollution assessment of surface soils of Mazandaran province, Iran. Journal of Water and Soil, Vol. 27, issue 3, pp. 548-559. (In Persian)
Mahmood Soltani, Sh. 2013. Heavy metals (kind and amount) in Zarjoob River and their effects on rice and paddy soils under its irrigation. Journal of Water and Soil Conservation, Vol. 20, issue 3, pp. 153-171. (In Persian)
Hu, U., Liu, X., Bai, J., Shih, K., Zeng, E.Y., Cheng, H., 2013. Assessing heavy metal pollution in the surface soils of a region that had undergone three decades of intense industrialization and urbanization. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Vol. 20, pp. 6150-6159.
Jalali, Gh., tehrani, M.M., Boromand, N., Sanjari, S. 2013. Comparison of geostatistical methods in preparing the spatial distribution map of some food elements in the east of Mazandaran province. Iranian Journal of Soil Research, Vol. 27, issue 2, pp. 195-204. (In Persian)
Barati, S., Mirghaffari, N., Soffianian, A., Khodakarami, L. 2012. Spatial Distribution of Chromium, Cobalt and Nickel in the Surface Soils of Hamadan Province. Journal of Natural Environment, Iranian Journal of Natural Resources, Vol. 65, issue 3, pp. 283-295. (In Persian)
Jalali, Gh., Malakouti, M.J., tehrani, M.M., Ghasemi Dehkordi, V.R. 2011. Investigating the spatial distribution of zinc element and determining its critical limit for soybeans in the east of Mazandaran province. Journal of soil research (soil and water sciences). Iranian Journal of Soil Research, Vol. 25, issue 3, pp. 177-186. (In Persian)
Jiachun, S., Haizhen, W., Jianming, X., Jianjun, W., Xingmei, L., Haiping, Z., 2007. Spatial distribution of heavy metal in soil: A case study of changing. China: Environmental Geology, Vol. 52, pp. 1-10.
McGrath, D., Zhang, C., Carton, O.T., 2004. Geostatistical analysis and hazard assessment on soil lead in Silvermines area, Ireland. Environmental Pollution, Vol. 127, pp. 239–248.
Nwachukwu, J.I., Mgbeahuruike, L.U., Dike, M.U., Tony-Njoku, R.F., 2014. Spatial distribution of heavy metals in sediments from Imo River Owerrinta Environs Imo State Nigeria. Global Journal of Current Research, Vol. 2, issue 3, pp. 64-69.
Rahman, S.H., Khanam, D., Adyel, T.M., Shahidul Islam, M., Aminul Ahsan, M., Ahedul Akbor, M., 2012. Assessment of heavy metal contamination of agricultural soil around Dhaka Export Processing Zone (DEPZ), Bangladesh: Implication of seasonal variation and indices. Applied Sciences, Vol. 2, pp. 584-601.
Zhongping, Y., Wenxi, L., Yuqiao, L., Xinhua, B., Qingchun, Y., 2011. Assessment of heavy metals contamination in urban topsoil from Changchun City, China. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, Vol. 108, pp. 27–38.
Mahmoudi, Sh., Mohammadi, J., and Naderi, M. 2013. Statistical and spatial distribution of some heavy metals in surface soil particle size fractions in South of Isfahan. Journal of Water and Soil Conservation, Vol. 20 issue 2, pp. 1-22. (In Persian)
Nourzadeh Haddad, M., Mahdian, M., Malakouti, M.j. 2013. Efficiency comparison of some geostatistical methods for investigating spatial variability of micro nutrients in agricultural lands, case study: Hamadan Province. Vol. 23 issue 1, pp. 71-81. (In Persian)
Mueller, T.G., Pusuluri, N.B., Mathias, K.K., Cornelius, P.L., Barnhisel, R.I., 2004. Site-specific soil fertility management a model for map quality. Soil Science Society of America Journal, Vol. 68, pp. 2031-2041.
Virgilio, N.D., Monti, A., Venturi, G., 2007. Spatial variability of switchgrass (PanicumvirgatumL.) yield as related to soil parameters in a small field. Field Crops Reseach, Vol. 101, pp. 232–239.
Acosta, J.A., Faz Cano, A., Arocena, J.M., Debela, F., Martinez-Martinez, S., 2009. Distribution of metals in soil particle size fractions and its implication to risk assessment of playgrounds in Murcia City (Spain). Geoderma, Vol. 149, pp. 101-109.
Amooaghaie, R., Marefat, E., habani, L. 2012. Interaction of salicylic acid and cadmium on growth, photosynthetic pigments and ion distrubiution in arial parts of soybean plantlets. Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology). Vol. 4, issue 14, pp. 75-88. (In Persian)
Lindsay, W.L., Norvell, W.A., 1978. Development of a DTPA test for zinc, iron, manganese and copper. Soil Science Society of American Journal, Vol. 42, pp. 421-428.
Zeng, F., Shafaqat, A., Haitao, Z., Younan, o., Boyin, Q., Feibo, W., Guoping, Z., 2011. The influence of pH and organic matter content in paddy soil on heavy metal availability and their uptake by rice plants. Environmental Pollution, pp. 84-91.
Asadi Kangarshahi, A., Cherati, A., Malakouti, M.J. 2004. Determining the critical limit of manganese under greenhouse conditions and its effect on soybean growth and yield. Journal of Water and Soil Science, Vol. 18 issue 2, pp. 154-164. (In Persian)
Feyzollahzade Ardabili, M. Karimian, N., Kasraei, R., Malakouti, M.J. 2001. Determining suitable extraction methods and critical concentration of manganese for soybeans in greenhouse studies in a number of soils in the south and southwest of Tehran province. The 7th Congress of Soil Sciences of Iran, Shahrekord, Iran. (In Persian)
Asadi Kangarshahi, A., Malakouti, M.J. Zinc calibration in the field and its effects on soybean yield. 2003. Journal of Water and Soil Science, Vol. 17 issue 2, pp. 117-124. (In Persian)
Kuklova, M., Kukla, J., Hnilicka, F., 2010. Soil-to-herbs transfer of heavy metals in spruce ecosystems. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, Vol. 19, Issue 6, pp. 1263-1268.
Rizk, A.H., Zaazaa, E.I., Shawer, S.S., 2014. Effect of cadmium on yield, nutrient contents and toxicity tolerance of some rice varieties. Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 4, pp. 1110-1117.
Mosivand, M., Khorgami, A., Rafiei, M. 2009. Investigating the effect of iron concentration on growth and yield components in different soybean genotypes. Crop Physiology Journal, 1 issue 4, pp. 35-45. (In Persian)
Naghavi, F., Iranbakhsh, A., Majd, A. 2011. Investigation of the effect of zinc and lead toxicity on some physiological parameters of soybean (Glycine max). Journal of Plant and Ecosystem, Vol. 7. issue 28, pp. 81-97. (In Persian)
Delavar, M.A., Safari, Y., 2016. Spatial distribution of heavy metals in soils and plants in Zinc Town, northwest Iran. International Journal of Environment Science and Technology, Vol. 13, pp. 297–306.
30. Zhanga, C.,Yao, J., Zhuc, C., Zhua, M., Sun, J., 2016. Soil heavy metal contamination and microbial ecological risk assessment- a case study. Chemical Engineering Transactions, Vol. 51, pp. 307-312.
Alyazichi, Y.M., Jones, B.G., McLean, E.J., 2015. Spatial distribution of heavy metal contaminations in Yowie Bay sediments and their environmental Impacts. Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, Vol. 196, pp. 363-374.
Sun, R., Chen, L., 2016. Assessment of heavy metal pollution in topsoil around Beijing Metropolis. Plos One, pp. 1-13.