طراحی يک سيستم پشتيبان تصميم گيری مکانی-زمانی جهت برنامه¬ريزی تخصيص وظايف امدادرسانان پس از زلزله
الموضوعات :ناهید بهرامی 1 , علیرضا وفائی نژاد 2 , علی اصغر آل شیخ 3
1 - دانشکده محيط¬زيست و انرژي، واحد علوم و تحقيقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامي، تهران، ايران
2 - دانشکده مهندسي عمران، آب و محيط زيست، دانشگاه شهيد بهشتي، تهران، ايران. * (مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - دانشکده مهندسی نقشه¬برداري، دانشگاه خواجه نصير طوسي، تهران، ايران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: سيستم پشتيبان تصميم¬گيري, مدل¬سازي مکاني- زماني, تخصيص وظايف, جستجو و نجات.,
ملخص المقالة :
زمينه و هدف: يکی از وقايعی که ايران، به دليل وجود گسلهاي فراوان در گسترهي جغرافيايي خود، از آن بسيار متأثر است، زمينلرزه میباشد. در اين زمينه، اولين و اساسيترين اقدامي که پس از وقوع زمينلرزه بايستي بصورت جدي مدنظر قرار گيرد، امداد و نجات است. امدادرساني مناسب و مديريت صحيح و کارآمد نيروهاي امداد و نجات، به ميزان قابل ملاحظهاي باعث کاهش خسارات زمينلرزه، به خصوص خسارات جاني ميشود. در اين پژوهش، با استفاده از مدلسازي مکاني- زماني فعاليتها و افراد، سيستمي جهت کمک به مديريت امداد و نجات پس از زمينلرزه، ارائه ميشود که براساس آن، تخصيص بهينه امدادرسانان به فعاليتها، صورت ميپذيرد.
روش بررسي: با توجه به هدف پژوهش، الگوريتم مناقصه و مزايدهگذاری اقتصادی که توانايي مدلسازي پويايي محيط و تغييرات زمان را داراست، انتخاب و مدلي با استفاده از آن و پارامترهاي اثرگذار در بحث تخصيص افراد به فعاليتها در امدادرساني زمينلرزه نظير تخصص افراد، زمان انجام فعاليتها و فاصله افراد تا محل حادثه، طراحي میگردد.
يافته ها: يک سيستم پشتيبان تصميمگيري مکاني- زماني به کمک الگوريتم مناقصه و مزايدهگذاری اقتصادی جهت برنامهريزي و بهبود تخصيص وظايف امدادرسانان در بحران زمينلرزه در يک محيط شهري براي گروههاي امداد و نجات پيادهسازي و اجرا شد.
بحث و نتيجه گيري: قابليت اجرايي الگوريتم مکان مند - زمان مند و پوياي ارائه شده براي انجام تخصيص وظايف به افراد، با شبيهسازي و پيادهسازي فعاليتهاي گروههاي امداد و نجات زمين لرزه در محيط سيستم هاي اطلاعات مکاني مورد تأييد قرار گرفت. اين مدل ابزاری موثر در بهبود عملکرد تيم‌های امداد و نجات و ارائه بينشی در مورد اثربخشی تخصيص وظايف است. نتايج اين مطالعه میتواند برای اطلاع رسانی راهبردهای واکنش به بلايا در آينده مورد استفاده قرار گيرد.
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