رابطه شاخص سطح برگ و فاصله از جاده جنگلي در دامنههاي خاکبرداري و خاکريزي
الموضوعات : natural resorces
آزاده دلجویی
1
,
سید محمدمعین صادقی
2
,
احسان عبدی
3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی جنگل، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
2 - دانشجوی دکتری جنگلشناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
3 - دانشیار گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: اکولوژي جاده, عکس¬برداري نيم¬کروي, جنگل خيرود, خط¬نمونه, فاصله موثر جاده.,
ملخص المقالة :
زمينه و هدف: در اکولوژي جنگل از شاخص سطح برگ (LAI) به عنوان پارامتر بيانکننده واکنش تاجپوشش درختان نسبت به تغييرات محيط، استفاده ميشود. هدف از اين پژوهش، بررسي مقدار LAI در حاشيه جادههاي درجه 3 جنگلي و مقايسه آن با مقدار LAI در درون جنگل به تفکيک دامنههاي خاکبرداري و خاکريزي در تيپ ممرز-راش در جنگل خيرود بود.
روش بررسي: 16 خطنمونه بهطول 100 متر (هشت خطنمونه در هر دامنه) از حاشيه جاده تا درون جنگل تصادفي انتخاب و در طول هر خطنمونه، 9 نقطه با فواصل مختلف از حاشيه جاده (صفر، پنج، 10، 15، 20، 30، 45، 60 و 100 متري) انتخاب و در اين فواصل، عکسبرداري از تاجپوشش با روش عکسبرداري نيمکروي انجام شد.
يافتهها: بر اساس آزمون tجفتي، ميانگين مقدار LAI بهدست آمده در دامنه خاکريزي (29/3) به طور معنيداري بيشتر از دامنه خاکبرداري (15/3) بهدست آمد (026/0 =p). بر اساس آزمون توکي، مقدار LAI در هر دو دامنه خاکبرداري و خاکريزي در فواصل صفر و پنج متري، به طور معنيداري کمتر از فواصل 15 متري و بيشتر از 15 متر بهدستآمد (05/0 p <). براساس پارامترهاي ضريب تبيين، ضريب کارآيي Nash و Sutcliffe’s، خطاي اريبي ميانگين و درصد خطاي ميانگين نرمالشده، بهترين رابطهي برازش داده شده بين LAI و فاصله از جاده در هر دو دامنه به صورت لگاريتمي دوطرفه حاصل شد.
بحث و نتيجهگيري: گذشت 26 سال از ساخت جاده، عرض بستر کم، تردد کم و هماهنگ بودن ساخت جادههاي خيرود با طبيعت و توپوگرافي سبب شده است که اثر منفي جاده بر LAI تا حداکثر 10 متري از عمق جنگل مشاهده شود.
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