ارزیابی تغییرات کاربری اراضی در نواحی شهری (مطالعه موردی: شهر کرمانشاه)
الموضوعات : landuse
غلامرضا سبزقبائی
1
,
سولماز دشتی
2
,
کاوه جعفرزاده
3
,
مژگان بزم آرا بلشتی
4
1 - دانشیار،گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط زيست، دانشكده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء (ص) بهبهان، بهبهان، ايران
2 - دانشیار، گروه محیطزیست، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران
3 - دانش آموخته گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط زيست، دانشكده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء (ص) بهبهان، بهبهان، ايران
4 - دانش آموخته گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط زيست، دانشكده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء (ص) بهبهان، بهبهان، ايران
الکلمات المفتاحية: کاربری اراضی, آشکارسازی تغییرات, طبقه¬بندی نظارت شده, کرمانشاه.,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: کاربري اراضی میتواند به عنوان مفهومی ترکیبی از نظر فیزیکی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی، اقتصادي و اطلاعاتی از هر کشوري مورد توجه قرارگیرد. با توجه به اینکه آگاهی از الگوهاي کاربري اراضی و تغییرات آن در طول زمان پیش نیازي براي استفاده مطلوب از سرمایه ملی است، از اینرو استخراج نقشههاي کاربري اراضی به عنوان مهمترین هدف در مدیریت مورد توجه قرار گیرند. در حال حاضر استفاده از فناوري سنجش از دور، بهترین وسیله در استخراج نقشههاي مربوط به کاربريها است.
روش بررسی: در این پژوهش تغییرات کاربری اراضی منطقه کرمانشاه در یک دوره 25 ساله مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. در این پژوهش از تصاویر سال TM سال 1991 و OLI سال 2016 ماهواره لندست استفاده شده و براي تهیهی نقشه کاربري/پوشش اراضی از روش طبقه بندي نظارت شده استفاده گردید،
یافته ها: در نهایت پنج نوع کاربری در منطقه شناسایی شد. ارزیابی نشان داد که صحت کلی و ضریب کاپای نقشه طبقهبندی شده TM به ترتیب 49/94 و 91/0 درصد و OLI برابر 30/97 و 95/0 درصد میباشد. نتایج تحقیق تغییر در کاربری اراضی را نشان میدهد که بیشترین کاهش مساحت مربوط به اراضی بایر و بدون پوشش است که به میزان 2492 هکتار (99/6%) کاهش داشته، اراضی کشاورزی با میزان 417 هکتار، کاربری پوشش درختی 191 هکتار و پهنه آبی به میزان 204 هکتار (57/0%) کاهش داشته اما اراضی مسکونی طی این دوره به میزان 26/9 در صد (3304 هکتار) افزایش داشته که این ناهماهنگی و کاهش در کاربریهای شهر کرمانشاه به علت مدیریت نادرست است.
نتیجه گیری: مطالعه حاضر بیانگر کارایی روش طبقه بندی نظارت شده برای تعیین میزان تغییرات کاربری های سرزمینی می باشد.
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