بررسی و تعیین میزان هیدروکربن های آروماتیک چند حلقه ای در خاک سطحی کارخانجات نفت و گاز مسجد سلیمان ) مطالعه موردی: کارخانه بهره برداری و نمک زدایی هفت شهیدان)
الموضوعات :آتوسا احمدی 1 , اعظم السادات حسینی الهاشمی 2
1 - کارشناس ارشد آلودگی های محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات خوزستان، اهواز، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه آلودگی های محیط زیست، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.*(مسوول مکاتبات).
الکلمات المفتاحية: PAHs, کروماتوگرافی گازی- طیف سنج جرمی, کارخانه ی بهره برداری و نمک زدایی هفت شهیدان, آلودگی نفتی,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: آلودگی به هیدروکربن های آروماتیک چند حلقه ای یکی از شایع ترین آلودگی ها در منطقه نفت خیز استان خوزستان می باشد. هدف از مطالعه بررسی و تعیین میزان هیدروکربن های آروماتیک چند حلقه ای در خاک کارخانه ی بهره برداری و نمک زدایی هفت شهیدان مسجدسلیمان بود که نمونه برداری از خاک، از (7) ایستگاه در دو فصل زمستان و بهارسال 94-93 انجام شد. روش بررسی: نمونه خاک پس از جمع آوری و انتقال به آزمایشگاه، همگن شده و PAHs موجود در آن ها استخراج و با استفاده از دستگاه GC-MS مقادیر 16 ترکیب PAHs اندازه گیری شدند. علاوه بر آن مقادیر pH، EC ،مواد آلی و دانه بندی موجود در خاک مورد سنجش قرارگرفتند. یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد میانگین PAHs خاک ایستگاه 1 الی 7 در فصل زمستان به ترتیب 81/265، 78/55 ،04/31 ، 33/46 ، 61/62 ، 70/33،ND و در فصل بهار 82/310، 69/63 ، 12/38 ، 36/55 ، 14/77، 62/44،ND میلی گرم بر کیلو گرم وزن خشک بودند.بین میزان PAHsموجود در خاک و مقادیر پارامترهای EC و pH در سطح 01/0 همبستگی منفی و با مواد آلی همبستگی مثبت مشاهده شد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج به دست آمده از نسبت های مولکولی PAHs نشان داد که منشأ PAHs کلیه ایستگاه ها مخلوطی از منابع پایرولیتیک و پتروژنیک می باشد. نتایج به دست آمده نشان می دهد که در ایستگاه های شماره(1،2،5،6) به علت نزدیکی به تأسیسات و مخازن و نشت نفت (نفت ریزی)غلظت ترکیبات PAHs در آن ها بالا است. طبق نتایج حاصل در تمامی ایستگاه ها ترکیبات بنزو بی فلورانتن، بنزو کا فلورانتن، دی بنزو (ah) آنتراسن،و فنانترن بالاتر از استاندارد کیفی خاک کانادا می باشد.
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- Moslemi,M., Vosoughi,M., Paak,A., Jafarzadeh,M. 2005. Study on environmental effects on the biological removal of oil pollutants from soil and determination of optimal factors. Water and Wastewater Journal. Engineering Consultants on Water and Wastewater Researches,55, 15-23 (In Persian).
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- Bumpus,J.A.,Tien,M.,Wright,D.,Aust,S.D. 1989.Oxidation of persistent environmental pollutants by a white rot fungus.Science 228, 1434-1436.
- Derakshan-Nejad,A., Sekhavatjou,M. 2011.Quantitative and qualitative assessment of debenzo(ah) antheracen in ambient air of Ahvaz City. 5th National Congeress of Environmental Engineering (In Persian).
- Saravi,H., Pourgholam,R., Unesi-Pour,H., Makhlough,A. 2012. Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons (16PAHs) at the Sediments and Edible Tissue of Liza Saliens and Rutilus Frisii Kutum in Caspian Sea. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 22 (94), 79-90 (In Persian).
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- Nahal Tahmasbi,M. 2001. Investigation and measurement of oil hydrocarbons from oil well fires in aquatic and teresterial ecosystems. 1st Nationatl Conference on Environmental Crisis and its rehabilitation Methods (In Persian).
- Charkhabi,A., Bostani, A. 2011. Environmental impact assessment of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in some sediment soils, South-West oil fileds, 5th National Conference on Geology and Environment (In Persian).
- Hazbeh,M. 2014. Investigation and spatioal distribution of total hydrocabons (TPH) and polyaromatic hydrocarbons in district 3 industrial soil, Ahvaz City. MSc Thesis, Khouzestan Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University (In Persian).
- Iturbe,R.,Flores,R.M.,Flores,C.R.,Toress, L.G. 2005.Subsoil TPH and other petroleum fractions-contamination levels in an oil storage and distribution station in north central Mexico.Journal of Chemospher,61: 1618-1631.
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- ISO11464:1994(E), Soil quality-Pretreatment of Samples for Physico-Chemical Analysis.
- Boazar, C. 2014. Measurement of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in surfase sediments of North Azadegan Area, Hor-Al-Azim Wetland. MSc Thesis, Khouzestan Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, 48-49 (In Persian).
- Baumard,P.,Budzinski,H.,Garrigues,P. 1998. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in sediments and mussels of the western Mediterranean sea.Environmental Toxicological chemistry 17:765-776.
- Li,J.,Chen,Y.,Dong,S.,Shim,H.2011. Determination of total petroleum hydrocarbons in agricultural soils near a petrochemical complex in Guangzhou,china.Environmental Monitoring and Assesment 184:281-287 DOI:10.1007
- EPA.2005.pits pollution.ADC,USA.
- Mokarram, M., Karimi, M., Mohammadi, M. 2012. Identification of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in sedments and soils od Deylam City. 6th National conference of Geology, Payam-Noor University (In Persian).
- Shakeri,A., Razi Kord Mahaleh, L., Esmaili, A. 2011. Study on total hydrocarbon, hydroaromatics and aliphatics in oil field soils of Boushehr City. 15th National Conference on Geology Institute (In Persian).