شناخت ظرفیت ها و چالش های مدیریت مصرف آب در گیاه بادام زمینی (مطالعه مروری)
الموضوعات :
1 - بخش تحقیقات مدیریت آب در مزرعه، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: بهره وری, دانه روغنی, مدیریت آب, شاخص برداشت,
ملخص المقالة :
کشاورزی اصلی ترین و مهم ترین منبع تأمین مواد غذایی در دنیا به شمار می رود، از این رو نقش به سزایی در ایجاد تعادل در امنیت غذایی، اجتماعی و حتی سیاسی کشورهای جهان دارد. یکی از مؤثرترین راهکارهای مقابله با بحران آب و افزایش کمی و کیفی تولیدات در بخش کشاورزی، توجه جدی به بهره وری آب کشاورزی و ارتقای آن با اعمال روش ها و سیاست های حکیمانه و کارآمد می باشد. ارتقای بهره وری آب، نیازمند مدیریتی هوشمندانه است که ابزارها و روش ها را به خوبی شناسایی کند و با توجه به شرایط، بهترین آن ها را انتخاب و تلاش های لازم را در استفاده از آن ها فراهم نماید. مدیریت آبیاری با رویکرد استفاده مناسب از منابع آب می تواند به عنوان نوعی مدیریت آب در مزرعه به افزایش سطح زیر کشت و مصرف بهینه کمک کند. در ایران، بقولات در تأمین انرژی افراد جامعه نقش به سزایی دارند و سعی شده است که افزایش بهره وری مصرف آب با مساله تولید و خودکفایی کشور متناسب باشد. تعیین و تحلیل شاخص ها و ظرفیت های بهره وری آب می تواند راهکار مناسبی جهت سیاست گذاری های درست برای تولید محصول بادام زمینی در راستای حصول حداکثر سود، توسعه پایدار، امنیت تولید و اشتغال و موجبات صادرات و ارزآوری با توجه به پتانسیل بالای آن شود. اما در این میان نمی توان تنها به بهره وری مصرف آب در جهت تعیین مصرف اکتفا کرد. پژوهش حاضر، ارتباط مقدار آب مصرفی و عملکرد محصول، تاثیر کم آبیاری بر عملکرد و اثر روش های مختلف آبیاری و بهره وری مصرف آب در بادام زمینی، شاخص برداشت در شرایط آبیاری کامل و تنش آبی و همچنین اهمیت مدیریت های مختلف آبیاری در زمان کمبود آب در بادام زمینی را به صورت تفضیلی ارائه می نماید.
المصادر:
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Abdzad Gohari, A. (2021a). Investigations of yield, production function and water productivity of two Peanut cultivars under conditions deficit irrigation in different irrigation methods. Iranian Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 3(16), 467-482. [in Persian]
Abdzad Gohari, A. (2021b). Investigation of the effect of deficit irrigation and two irrigation methods on yield and yield components of two Peanut cultivars. Journal of Water Research in Agriculture (Soil and Water Science), 35(1), 61-73. [in Persian]
Abdzad Gohari, A. Babazadeh, H. Amiri, E. & Sedghi, H. (2017). Estimate of Peanut Production Function under Irrigated Conditions and Salinity. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 27 (4), 1503-1512. [in Persian]
Abdzad Gohari, A. Babazadeh, H., Amiri, E. & Sedghi, H. (2018). Effect of salinity and irrigation on yield and water use efficiency of peanut varieties. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 49 (2), 329-340. [in Persian]
Abdzad gohari, A., & Amiri, A. (2010). Effect of nitrogen fertilizer and intermittent irrigation on peanut plant. The 11th Congress of Agricultural Sciences and Plant Breeding of Iran. 2391-2394. [in Persian]
Abdzad Gohari, A., & Amiri. E. (2011). ICID 21st International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage, 15-23 October 2011. Tehran, Iran.
Abdzad Gohari, A., Amiri, E., & Majd Salimi, K. (2011). Yield Evaluation and Water Use Efficiency in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Under Different Levels of Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer. Journal of Water and Soil, 25 (5), 994-1004. [in Persian]
Abdzad Gohari, A., Tafteh, A., & Ebrahimipak, N.A. (2022). Investigation of Water Requirement System in Determining the Actual Amount of Irrigation Water of Peanut Plant Based on Inverse Solution of Yield Function under Water Stress Conditions. Iranian Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 3 (16), 460-471. [in Persian]
Abdzad Gohari, A., Tafteh, A., Ebrahimipak, N.A. & Babazadeh, H. (2022). Estimation of Stress Coefficients, Plant Coefficients and Yield Response to Water in Peanut under Different Levels Irrigation. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 52 (11), 2763-2774. [in Persian]
Abou Kheira, A. (2009). Macromanagement of deficit-irrigated peanut with sprinkler irrigation. Agriculture Water Management, 96, 1409-1420.
Akhwan, K. Shiri, M. & Kazemi Azar, F. (2014). Effect of Trickle Irrigation Amount and Planting Arrangement on Corn. Journal of Water Research in Agriculture, 28(1), 97-105. [in Persian]
Ali, S., Xu, Y., Ahmad, I., Jia, Q., Ma, X., Ullah, H., & Jia, Z. (2018). Tillage and deficit irrigation strategies to improve winter wheat production through regulating root development under simulated rainfall conditions. Agriculture Water Management, 209, 44-54.
Amiri, E., Abdzad Gohari A. & Mianabadi, A. (2015). Evaluation of water schemes for peanut, using CSM-CROPGRO-Peanut model. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 61(10). 1439-1453.
Aninbon, C., Jogloy, S., Vorasoot, N., Nuchadomrong, S., Holbrook, C.C., Kvien, C., & Patanothai, A., (2019). Effect of terminal drought on arginine content in peanut genotypes with difference in levels of drought resistance. International Journal Plant Production, 13 (2), 155–162.
Arunyanark, A., Jogloy, S., Akkasaeng, C., Vorasoot, N., Kesmala, T., Nageswara Rao, R.C., Wright, G.C. & Patanothai. A. (2008). Chlorophyll stability is an indicator of drought tolerance in peanut. Journal Agronomy Crop Science, 194, 113-125.
Arunyanark, A., Jogloy, S., Akkasaeng, C., Vorasoot, N., Nageswara Rao, R.C., Wright, G.C. & Patanothai, A. (2009). Association between aflatoxin contamination and drought tolerance traits in peanut. Field Crops Research, 114, 14-22.
Babazadeh, H., Abdzad Gohari, A., & Khonok, A. (2018). Effect of Different Amounts of Water and Nitrogen fertilizer on Peanut Yield and Its Components. Journal of Water Research in Agriculture, 31 (4), 571-584. [in Persian]
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Boontang, S., Girdthai, T., Jogloy, S., Akkasaeng, C., Vorasoot, N., Patanothai, A. & Tantisuwichwong. N. (2010). Responses of released cultivars of peanut to terminal drought for traits related to drought tolerance. Asian Journal Plant Science, 9 (10), 423-431.
Boydak, E., Karaaslan, D., Hüseyin, H. & Türko. H. (2010).The effect of different nitrogen and irrigation levels on fatty acid composition of peanut oils. Turkish Journal of Field Crops. 15(1), 29-33.
Çakir, R., & Çebi, U. (2010). Yield, water use and yield response factor of flue-cured tobacco under different levels of water supply at various growth stages. Irrigation and Drainage. 59 (4), 453–464
Carvalhom, J., Vorasoot, N., Puppala, N., Muitia, A. & jogloy, S. (2017). Effects of terminal drought on growth, yield and yield components in Valencia peanut genotypes. SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics. 49 (3), 270-279.
Chand, J.B., Hewa, G., Hassanli, A., & Myers, B. (2021). Deficit irrigation on tomato production in a greenhouse environment: a review. Journal Irrigation and Drainage. Engineer, 147 (2), 04020041.
Chi, B., Zhang, Y., Zhang, D., Zhang, X., Dai, J., & Dong, H. (2019). Wide-strip intercropping of cotton and peanut combined with strip rotation increases crop productivity and economic returns. Field Crops Research, 243, 107617
Ding, Z.L., Ali, E.F., Elmahdy, A.M., Ragab, K.E., & Ahmed, M.S. (2021). Modeling the combined impacts of deficit irrigation, rising temperature and compost application on wheat yield and water productivity. Agriculture Water Management, 244, 106626.
Ernest, G. Kamara, A., Nana, S., Olympio, A., James Y., Asibuo, J., Milton, Y., Kabbia, K., Keiwoma, Yila, M. & Conteh, A.R. (2017). Effect of Calcium and Phosphorus Fertilizer on Seed Yield and Nutritional Quality of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 7(6): 129-133.
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